反相高效液相色谱法测定酸雨中的甲酸、乙酸、丙酸等

研究了反相高效液相色谱法测定甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸的色谱条件。在ODS柱上以 7%CH3OH 0 2 0mol LKH2 PO4(pH =2 .8)缓冲溶液作流动相 ,2 15nm紫外检测以上 4种有机酸。方法简便、快速 ,样品加标回收率在 96%～10 3 %范围内。并用该法测定了酸雨中甲酸、乙酸的含量     

人的失误本质及检测的研究

对人的失误本质、定义及特点作了系统的分析研究。针对人的失误产生条件、原因及类型，提出了检测失误与控制失误的技术     

Status report on flood warning systems in the United States

One of the major changes in flash-flood mitigation in the past decade is the number of communities that have implemented warning systems. The authors conducted a survey of 18 early-warning systems in the United States developed by communities or regions to provide protection against flash floods or dam failures. Problems revealed by the study included the following: equipment malfunctions, inadequate maintenance funding, inconsistent levels of protection and expenditure, inconsistent levels of expectations and formalization, varying levels of local commitment to the systems, underemphasis on response capability, and a tendency to over-rely on warning systems. The study also revealed some unanticipated benefits experienced by the survey communities: the warning systems serve as valuable data collection tools, a great deal of interagency cooperation has been demonstrated, and warning systems offer increased alternatives to structural modification projects. The interjurisdictional nature of drainage basins, the evolving roles of the various federal agencies involved in flood mitigation, and the lack of governmental standards of operations for flood warning systems are issues that must be considered as communities make decisions regarding the adoption of warning systems. The record on these systems is too short for a precise assessment of how successful they are; however, results of the study indicate that if the goal of reducing loss of life and property from flooding is to be achieved, warning systems must be only one part of a comprehensive flood loss reduction program.     

虚拟蜜罐技术在网络安全中的应用研究

面对网络上复杂而多变的黑客攻击,提出利用虚拟蜜罐技术主动吸引黑客的攻击,来监视和跟踪入侵者的行为并进行记录,进而研究入侵者所使用的攻击工具、攻击策略和方法。笔者论述了虚拟蜜罐技术的基本概念,通过3方面的应用实例,较为系统地研究了虚拟蜜罐技术在网络安全中的应用,证明虚拟蜜罐技术可以有效收集攻击信息,保护实际工作网络,并讨论了虚拟蜜罐的优点和风险。     

典型荧光示踪剂在包气带中的迁移、吸附特性

为研究荧光示踪剂在包气带土壤中的迁移-吸附特性，指导填埋场渗漏检测过程的示踪剂选择、投加和采样.采用土柱实验、参数反演手段，研究3种典型荧光示踪剂在包气带中的吸附、滞后和穿透规律，确定其迁移表征方法、表征参数和最佳模型.结果表明：在土壤有机碳相对较高和较低时，分别可用非线性平衡和线性平衡模型准确拟合罗丹明B在其中的穿透数据，而非线性平衡模型同时准确拟合了荧光素和荧光素钠在两种有机碳土壤中的穿透数据.基于最优反演模型，在低有机碳土壤中示踪剂迁移参数为：罗丹明B、荧光素和荧光素钠的分配系数分别为84.99，1.80，1.48cm³/g，滞后因子分别为393.27，8.18，7.81，吸附容量分别为6.14×10^-3，0.15×10^-3，0.14×10^-3mg/g，均出现罗丹明B>荧光素>荧光素钠的顺序.荧光素钠在包气带中迁移时固相吸附浓度最小、迁移速率最快、吸附消耗量最小，建议在进行填埋场渗漏示踪中选用.     

Early detection and identification of dangerous states in chemical plants using neural networks

The suitability of pattern recognition for safety diagnosis of chemical plants will be discussed. Therefore, experiments in a miniplant and with a process simulator are carried out. The process characteristics are treated with different recognition methods and classified with the aid of expert know how. Afterwards, the trained system can be used for process diagnosis. The capability of neural networks for this problem could be shown.     

民用建筑室内环境污染检测及控制方法

室内环境质量的优劣,很大程度上关系到人民群众的生活质量。本文针对目前我国民用建筑室内环境污染的具体实际情况,深入探讨了室内环境污染检测及控制方法,对降低室内环境污染提出了相应的对策和建议。     

污水中大肠杆菌的酶联免疫检测方法研究

以城市污水处理厂二沉池出水为检测目标,比较了夹心法和直接法2种酶联免疫反应方式,分析包被抗体和酶标抗体浓度、菌液预处理等因素对检测灵敏度的影响,确定了ELISA的最佳工作条件.结果表明,检测大肠杆菌的线性区间为10CFU/mL～6×10⁴CFU/mL,最低检测限达到10CFU/mL.与传统检测方法相比,该技术具有操作简单,节省时间和费用,反应灵敏度高等优点.     

海上固定导管架式平台的振动安全检测及治理

介绍了埕岛油田海上固定导管架式平台的振动安全检测方法,重点对振动隐患治理的程序和方法进行了探讨.