合肥地震台地下电性层研究

本文介绍在合肥台地电布极区进行十字电测深的勘选测量方法,根据电测深数据反演观测场地地下介质电性结构,就多解性问题进行了讨论。     

振动落砂机噪声和粉尘的控制

本文结合沈阳水泥机械厂铸造车间二台１０ｔ振动落砂机噪声、粉尘治理，阐述了落砂机振动、噪声及粉尘飞扬的特点，控制原理、主要措施、治理效果．     

Turbulence closure models and their application in RAMS

Turbulence closures are fundamental for modelling the atmospheric diffusion in numerical codes and the resulting eddy diffusivities are key parameters in describing the transport and dispersion in the boundary layer. In this work, four turbulence closure schemes have been applied for reproducing a neutral flow over schematic complex terrain using the meteorological model RAMS. Two of the closures, a one-equation (E-l) and a two-equations (E-) model, have been implemented in RAMS in alternative to the ones originally available. In these cases, an analytical method based on the similarity theory for the atmospheric surface layer and boundary layer is adopted to calculate the empirical constants of the turbulence closures. Some examples of numerical studies performed to simulate the flow and turbulence over a 3-D hill in wind-tunnel experiment in neutral stratification are presented and discussed. An intercomparison of simulations related to different closures is considered by analysing the main features of the flow over the hill and by comparing calculated vertical profiles of turbulent kinetic energy with measured ones.     

Comparison of dynamic subgrid-scale models for simulations of neutrally buoyant shear-driven atmospheric boundary layer flows

Several non-dynamic, scale-invariant, and scale-dependent dynamic subgrid-scale (SGS) models are utilized in large-eddy simulations of shear-driven neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flows. The popular Smagorinsky closure and an alternative closure based on Kolmogorov’s scaling hypothesis are used as SGS base models. Our results show that, in the context of neutral ABL regime, the dynamic modeling approach is extremely useful, and reproduces several establised results (e.g., the surface layer similarity theory) with fidelity. The scale-dependence framework, in general, improves the near-surface statistics from the Smagorinsky model-based simulations. We also note that the local averaging-based dynamic SGS models perform significantly better than their planar averaging-based counterparts. Lastly, we find more or less consistent superiority of the Smagorinsky-based SGS models (over the corresponding Kolmogorov’s scaling hypothesis-based SGS models) for predicting the inertial range scaling of spectra.     

超细粉尘的扬尘机理研究

针对目前对于一般尘源控制研究较少,而系统研究粉尘的扬尘(尘化)机理的研究就更少这一状况,提出弄清尘化机理、从源头上控制是治理粉尘的首要问题,对粉尘颗粒作用力进行分析,特别就超细粉尘的扬尘机理提出相应的物理模型并进行初步研究.图1,参2.     

Observations of the cross-wind velocity variance in the stable boundary layer

Nine tower datasets over grassland, brush rangeland, snow covered plain, the ocean, three different pine forests, an aspen forest and an urban site, are used to document the scale-dependence of the cross-wind velocity variance in the stable boundary layer. The turbulence velocity variance scales with the surface momentum flux, as reported in previous studies. Such scaling removes the stability dependence of the variance at a given site, and also removes most of the differences between sites. The scaling is more effective with use of a record-dependent averaging time for defining the turbulent fluctuations. The variable averaging time is the timescale associated with the gap region in the heat flux multiresolution cospectra. On scales larger than turbulence and less than a few hours (mesoscale), variations in the cross-wind velocity variance at a given site are not related to local variables such as the friction velocity. Possible exceptions include suppression of turbulence and mesoscale motions in well-defined drainage flows and enhancement of turbulence and mesoscale motions in stronger winds downstream of a ridge. Larger mesoscale variance is associated with complex terrain and forested sites compared to the more homogeneous sites in flat terrain with short or no vegetation. These differences between sites are related to the absence of a gap region in the velocity spectra at the complex terrain and forested sites. The observed probability distribution functions of the total variance and the mesoscale variance are documented for different averaging times, stability classes and site characteristics.     

臭氧层减少对沿海地区大气温度与环境的影响

利用青岛市连９年的主空探测资料，分析也大气温度的变化与高空臭氧层有关，高层气温与地面气温呈负相关变化。高空臭氧减少，使沿海地区温度梯度加大，在不我向时可能造成大气污染加重，暖气团辐合上升，易将大气污染物挟带支支中，当酸性物大于碱性物时形成酸雨，产生一系大气环境问题。     

破碎机粉尘治理实践

分析了破碎机产尘源，阐述了用密闭罩封闭尘源、离心式风机负压抽风、湿式过滤式除尘器除尘净化的综合技术是治理破碎机粉尘的有效技术。将该技术应用于实际治理中，取得了满意的除尘效果。     

水泥材料的污染因子及全过程环境意识评价

针对我国水泥生产的现状，在跟踪水泥生产工艺的基础上，讨论了水泥生产的环境污染问题及环境影响评价的特殊性，并就其中的污染主因子进行了系统分析，提出了控制措施，同时从环境影响的角度探讨了水泥材料的环境意识评价，这对我国大中型水泥企业的环境评价和和环境保护具有指导及借鉴意义。