粉尘爆炸技术的最新发展

系统论述了爆炸防护技术的最新发展，为了选择最佳防护措施必须恰当鉴定和评估，包括材料的性质。借助一些经验公式，可估算温度对各种材料操作参数的影响。用情化法不仅可防止可爆混合物的形成还可防止其着火。对设备的“结构防爆”措施，近年来已制造出买用的容器。可以确信，工业爆炸防护领域必将拥有足够的技术以有效地战胜爆炸危险。     

稀土配合物对大豆幼苗防护(铅)效应试验

以盆栽试验研究了Pb对大豆苗期素质的影响,及稀土配合物La(镧)-Gly(甘氨酸)的防护效应。试验结果表明,根施500mg·L~(-1)PbAc_2,严重抑制大豆幼苗生长。叶面喷布30mg·L~(-1)La-Gly1次,可减轻Pb对大豆幼苗造成的伤害。     

The formation of protective dune ridge along the Southeast Baltic Sea coast: historical and social aspects

This paper is based on literature-based studies, as well as material collected by the author over more than 30 years on the shores of the Southeast Baltic Sea. In order to protect roads running along the shoreline from East Prussia to Königsberg, local shore reinforcement works commenced in the fifteenth century, although some individual attempts had been made before. In 1684, M. Ch. Hartknoch theoretically substantiated the necessity for, and methods of, shore reinforcement. The state of the shores deteriorated considerably during the Seven Years War (1756–1763), when woodlands growing along the shores were completely destroyed; hence, nearly 100 km length of the coast of the Kur?i? Nerija (Curonian) sand spit was left without any vegetation. Aeolian sand buried as many as fourteen settlements. This situation forced the authorities to organise maintenance of the coast and the dunes at the governmental level, and to start the formation of an uninterrupted dune ridge. The second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century are notable for the extensive construction of new ports. Along the shores running from the Sambian Peninsula to the Gulf of Riga, eight port engineering structures had been constructed with the intervals of approximately 26 km between the ports of Klaip?da and Liepaja, and every 13 km between Palanga and Pape. Shore management measures were being implemented simultaneously, thus ensuring the functioning of the above-mentioned coastal protection structures and the reduction of impacts upon the shores. In the second half of the twentieth century, ports were dredged and developed significantly. Their entrance channels reduced the long-shore sediment transport. Moreover, total sand reserves in the shore zone also diminished. The processes of erosion of the beaches and the dune ridge made it necessary to actively reinforce the shore. A number of countries passed legal acts governing the protection and use of the shore zone. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the incompatibility of such priorities in human activities as sea transport and recreation with nature protection has become evident. The conflict of interests in the Kur?i? Nerija National Park, the port of Klaip?da, and the resort of Palanga serve as good examples of such incompatibility. The conclusion that can be drawn that in twenty-first century is that the priorities in general coastal management should be as follows: harmonisation of interests among the states and individual fields of activities, as well as measures aimed at neutralisation of negative natural trends (higher frequency of storms, global rise of water level, etc.). The protective beach dune ridge will further play the role of efficient means for reducing shore erosion.     

Nest-size variation reflecting anti-predator strategies in social spider mites of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Stigmaeopsis</Emphasis> (Acari: Tetranychidae)

The social spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) of Stigmaeopsis weave dense nests on the underside of host leaves. Four species occur on the leaves of bamboo in Japan: Stigmaeopsis longus, S. celarius, S. takahashii and S. saharai. We initially reconfirmed the occurrence of distinct variation in nest size among the species. Based on the hypothesis that this variation plays a role in protecting the spider mites from predators, we looked at the behavior of the natural enemies that occur on the host plants along with members of Stigmaeopsis. We found considerable variation in the ability of nests to protect the spider-mite eggs. The smallest nests protected the eggs against three predators, whereas the largest nests protected the eggs against only one predator species. So, decreases in nest size increased egg defense. Thus we concluded that nest-size variation reflects a strategy for reducing predation.Communicated by D. Gwynne     

EDTA对汞毒害下小麦幼苗细胞膜及体内保护系统的影响

研究表明，向含汞污水中加入ＥＤＴＡ能使汞引起的小麦幼苗细胞膜透性，膜脂质过氧化水平，ＳＯＤ活性，可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白质含量的增加和ＣＡＴ活性的降低得以恢复，汞对幼苗的毒害减轻。     

闽江口鳝鱼滩湿地现状与保护对策

通过对闽江口鳝鱼滩湿地现状的综合分析，指出了该湿地存在的问题，并提出了保护对策。     

阿尔金山国家级自然保护区管理机制的探讨

自然保护区的建设和管理是环境保护工作的一个重要方面。也是保护自然资源和生物多样性、建设现代文明的需要,因此对保护区管理的指导思想应立足于保护,着眼于开发,以保护带开发,以开发促保护,走保护与开发组结合的路子。为适应当前形势,切实加强阿尔金山自然保护区（国家级）的管理工作及体制的改革,作者从保护区的现状及存在的问题,探讨新形势下保护区的建设工作。为加强阿尔金自然保护区的建设和管理好自然保护区途径进行     

噪声对人体健康的危害及个体防护

工业噪声对工人的身心健康危害极大,甚至会导致工伤事故率的增高.本文阐述了工业噪声对人的危害,并提出了防护办法.     

The penetration of formulated guthion® spray through selected fabrics

Abstract

A technique for comparing pesticide penetration through fabric was devised. It involved passing fabric swatches through a controlled spray system and measuring the pesticide residue transferring on and through the tested fabric. Six variations in fabric were selected for testing: 100% cotton woven chambray,

Scotch‐guard^® treated chambray, Tyvek^® , Crowntex^® , and two variations of Gore Tex^®. Guthion^® (azinphos‐methyl) was chosen as the insecticide for controlled use in this experiment because of its widespread use and relatively high toxicity.

Gas Chromatographie analysis of the amount of Guthion^® transferred through the outer fabric was made by the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test. The ANOVA for experiment replication showed no significant difference among the replications of each fabric. The treatment ANOVA was highly significant at the 0.01 level.

Duncan's multiple range test further analyzed the differences in the treatment, and three groups were found to be significantly different from each other. The two types of Gore Tex^®, Tyvek^® and Crowntex^® comprised the group permitting the least penetration. Scotch‐guard^® treated chambray followed, and untreated chambray allowed the greatest penetration.     

宁夏沙湖自然保护区水生生物调查与分析

宁夏沙湖自然保护区位于平罗县,面积４２４７ｈｍ＾２,水面沼泽２７３２ｈｍ＾２。根据１９９９年７月对其进行了综合考察的统计结果,计有水生两栖类－大鲵１种,鱼类１６种,浮游植物８门２９科６１属（种）、浮游动物２９种、水生底栖无脊椎动物２９种。