论噪声污染及其控制

噪声是全球性的主要环境污染之一,已成为一种重要公害,必须加强治理;文中阐述了噪声及噪声污染的危害,提出控制噪声污染的防治对策及其基本途径。     

职业危害风险管控技术在煤化工装置中的应用研究

通过对甲醇装置的现场调查、工程分析,运用职业危害风险评估技术,开展了煤化工装置职业危害风险辨识及控制措施研究,识别出生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素,结合检测资料,分析了其危害程度,并提出控制措施。装置存在的职业病危害因素主要有煤尘、一氧化碳、甲醇、硫酸、氨、硫化氢、二氧化硫、氢氧化钠、噪声。针对危害情况,从卫生工程、个体防护、职业卫生管理等方面提出危害的关键控制点实施风险管控,为防控煤化工企业职业病危害提供科学依据。     

Small enterprises and major hazards: How to develop an appropriate safety management system

Many small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are obliged to adopt a Safety Managements System (SMS) by the Directive 2012/18/EU for the control of Major Accident Hazards (Seveso III). The difficulties of implementing an SMS within a small sized work organization are well known by practitioners, including inspectors and auditors and have been discussed in many recent papers. In the present paper is discussed a new method, based on the bowtie model, to build an easy and effective SMS. The very core of this method is a “safety net model”, which is able to connect in a network all the tangible and intangible elements of safety, including equipment, operating instructions, procedures and safety documents. This safety model has been used as the core of a smart application, the strength of which is the workers' contribution. The application allows the users to build step by step an SMS. It starts from a first version based just on regulations and standard codes (version 0), then it integrates internal knowledge through the bowtie paradigm (version 1). Near misses' discussion is used to transfer actual workers' experience into the system, to get intermediate improvement of the SMS (version 1.x). At the end audit may be used to a major release of the SMS (version 2). The full cycle has been tested at two small Seveso establishments: a galvanic plant and small glue manufacturer.     

威远县地质灾害发育规律及成因分析

威远县地质灾害活动频繁,崩塌和滑坡等地质灾害分布广泛。通过对威远县地质灾害分布特征的研究发现,研究区地质灾害点多,但其分布具有一定的区域性,主要分布在低山区。针对这一特性,以威远构造特征为背景,结合区域地质灾害调查资料,分析地质灾害发育的影响,得出背斜构造不仅为地质灾害的发生提供构造条件,而且控制着研究区内的地貌格局,地层岩性是决定地质灾害发育的物质基础。通过本次研究将进一步了解该区地质灾害发育规律及形成原因,对该区地质灾害防治工作提供理论指导。