Land cover change and abrupt environmental impacts on Javan volcanoes, Indonesia: a long-term perspective on recent events

Based on a presentation of the spectacularly abrupt environmental and societal processes occurring on Java since the 1990s, and using that as an analogue to compare their consequences with the known environmental history of the island, we unravel the relative contributions of natural and human impacts in shaping the environment of Java. Our work is based on remote sensing, Geographical Information System analysis, field-based observations and measurements of responses to abrupt land cover changes in the last 10 years. Ecological disturbance has been endemic to the long-term history of Java, but montane forests on volcanoes have since ca. 1990 become the last frontier of colonisation and are for the first time rapidly receding. We reveal how human disturbance of natural ecosystems, today as in the past, tends to be the greatest where resistance is the least. This appears true within the regional setting of Southeast Asia, where Javan forests since the last glaciation have constituted a biogeographical ecotone with a limited natural ability to regenerate after some imbalance. It is equally true at the scale of single events where humans will turn a natural disturbance to their own advantage. Overall, it remains difficult to deconvolve the signals of spontaneous human impacts and of localised natural events such as volcanic activity, El Niño-related forest fires or longer climatic anomalies because humans are opportunistic in their attitudes to natural variability and so the two are often inextricably linked. The clearest impact on land cover and land degradation comes from the history of state-organised deforestation, whether colonial or indigenous, because its impact has been systematic, pervasive and regionally consistent. Javan environments have shown astonishing signs of resilience under the abrupt, cumulative impacts that have been inflicted over the last four centuries in successive iterations, possibly because the high-energy tropical and volcanic environment is a system in which sediment turnover is naturally rapid and where past scars of land degradation either heal rapidly or are soon destroyed by younger events. However, the volcanoes are the island’s keystone reservoirs of water, sediment and biodiversity and command the geomorphic metabolism of the lowlands. By removing forests from increasingly crowded mountain slopes, Javanese society is following a trajectory in which new nonlinear responses to environmental hazards and change may limit our capacity to anticipate and contain environmental risk to human life and property.     

某催化裂化装置生产过程中职业病危害因素调查

通过对催化裂化装置生产过程中职业病危害因素调查,找出职业病危害的关键控制点,并提出防护要求。     

天然气加气子站危险有害因素分析及安全设施

对压缩天然气加气子站的主要工艺技术特点、主要危险有害因素及安全设施设置情况进行了介绍与分析。     

环境样品中多氯联苯的分析技术

作为一种持久性有机污染物,多氯联苯在地球上的分布十分广泛。然而由于多氯联苯在环境样品中残留浓度低、干扰物质多且组成复杂,必须对环境样品进行预处理。目前较为常用的含多氯联苯样品的前处理技术有：溶剂萃取技术、固相萃取技术、固相微萃取技术、超临界萃取技术、微波萃取技术和加速溶剂萃取技术等,分析经过技术处理以后的样品常用的方法有化学分析方法和生物分析方法,化学方法包括气相色谱法,气相色谱质谱分析法等;生物方法有生物传感器测定法、表面胞质团共振检测、以Ah受体为基础的生物分析法和酶联免疫检测法。中国在这方面的研究投入不够,应加大人力、财力和物力的支持,提高环境样品中多氯联苯的检测水平。     

石化企业检维修单位在线作业过程的危害识别与风险评价

运用工作危害分析方法对在线检维修作业活动进行危害识别与风险评价,对重大风险提出有效的控制措施,以杜绝和减少事故的发生.     

乙烯装置裂解炉操作的危害分析及对策

分析识别乙烯装置裂解炉操作中的危害因素,制定了确保裂解炉安全运行的对策.     

Consumer reflections on the usage of plastic bags to parcel hot edible items: an empirical study in Malaysia

The packaging industry offers a wide range of pouching products to their clients in the food and beverage industries, healthcare industries and households as well. It is observed that pouching products are widely used and seemingly making them indispensable. Such practices are commonly found in Malaysia especially to parcel hot or cold food. The use of pouches raises two concerns namely solid waste disposal and food safety. The present study found more than 62% of the consumers purchase hot edible items in plastic bags daily or weekly because of its cost effectiveness and storage convenience. Consumers apparently are unperturbed by public campaigns against the use of plastic bags and neither do government regulations have any influence to reduce the use of plastic bags to parcel hot edible items. On the other hand, consumers are optimistic that the environmental and health hazards from the use of plastic bags to store hot edible items would only see a positive impact in the future.     

某热电厂氨法烟气脱硫装置职业危害因调查

通过对某热电厂氨法烟气脱硫装置生产过程中职业病危害因素调查,找出职业病危害的关键控制点,并提出防护要求。     

CLP法规对我国实施GHS的启示

介绍了目前国内实施GHS的现状及面临的问题,通过分析《欧盟物质和混合物的分类、标签和包装法规》（CLP法规）的特点及其与GHS的异同,为我国实施GHS提出建议。     

我国危险化学品分类中GHS积木原则的探讨

介绍了GHS的积木原则和发达国家及地区GHS危险化学品分类积木原则的采纳情况,提出了我国GHS危险化学品分类中采用GHS分类积木原则的建议。