某炼油厂重油催化裂化装置噪声危害现状与防治

目的了解炼油厂重油催化裂化装置生产过程中噪声危害现况及对作业工人听觉系统影响,探讨防治措施。方法检测装置设备的噪声强度,调查职业病防护设施设置及个人防护用品使用情况,分析作业人员职业健康体检结果。结果装置设备噪声多点均超过国家职业卫生限值,高强度噪声主要存在于各类机泵、气压机、空气增压机、烟气轮机、空冷器蒸汽管线等处。装置检修（采取更多防噪声措施）后作业场所噪声检测结果有所改变,作业人员听力异常情况有所好转。结论通过工艺改革、采用无声或低声设备替代噪声设备,消声、减振等控制噪声的传播等措施,可有效降低作业场所噪声强度,减少作业人员听力受损。     

Public engagement and climate adaptation: insights from three local governments in Australia

Public participation in decision making is a central component of the planning process; however, implementing effective engagement initiatives to resolve complex planning and policy problems, such as climate change, is challenging for planners. These challenges are particularly acute in coastal communities throughout Australia, where many settlements are at risk of future climate perturbations. Using the International Association for Public Participation framework for public participation, we analyse three local government led public participation initiatives in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. Our analysis suggests there are three critical factors that can influence the level of public participation in the context of climate change adaptation: the technocratic approach to decision making; absent high order government support; and the lack of evaluation mechanisms for public participation.     

顺丁橡胶生产过程中危害因素分析及对策

分析了顺丁橡胶生产过程中的危险有害因素主要有火灾爆炸、中毒等，并提出了相应对策。     

A survival-analysis-based simulation model for Russian wheat aphid population dynamics

A simulation model for Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), populations is built by integrating survival-analysis-based development and survivor functions and the same-shape reproduction distribution model in the framework of Leslie [Leslie, P.H., 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33, 183–212] matrix structure. Survival analysis is utilized to model both the development and survival of RWA populations, and the Cox (1972) proportional hazards model is fitted with the data sets from our laboratory observation of 1800 RWA individuals under 25 factorial combinations of five temperature regimes and five barley plant-growth stages. Rather than using simple age-specific survivor rates as in the traditional Leslie matrix, the survivor functions based on survival analysis describe age-specific, temperature and plant stage-dependent RWA survival probabilities. Similarly, a probability model from survival analysis to estimate the probability that an individual will reach mature adult stage is utilized to describe the development process; this makes the transition from nymphal stage to mature adult stage dependent on RWA age as well as temperature and plant-growth stage.Inspired by the same-shape distribution and rate-summation approach for modeling insect development, a similar approach for modeling insect reproduction under variable temperature is developed. This new same-shape reproduction distribution model incorporates individual variation in reproduction capability, as well as the effects of RWA age, temperature and plant-growth stage. Consequently, the same-shape reproduction distribution model replaces the simple age-specific fecundities in Leslie matrix model. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to introduce survival analysis to simulation modeling in entomology and ecology and also the first to integrate our newly developed same-shape reproduction distribution model into application.     

某采油厂噪声危害现状及防治

分析、评价了采油厂生产过程中噪声的状况、噪声产生的原因、人员接触噪声的情况，提出了治理措施、个体防护措施、组织措施和卫生保健措施。     

安全评价工作若干问题探讨

指出目前安全评价中范围确定、评价单元划分、评价方法选用、对策建议制定、重大危险源辨识工作容易出现的问题及误区,对相关问题产生的原因及带来的影响进行分析与探讨,阐明范围确定、评价单元划分、评价方法选用、对策建议制定、重大危险源辨识工作相关原则与方法,可以避免安全评价工作中出现重大失误,影响安全评价工作的客观性与质量,以期共同提高安全评价工作的质量。     

Exploring risk,resistance and the power of myths among coastal fishing communities in Kerala,India

This paper attempts to capture the socially constructed nature of risk by analyzing the discourses embedded in community beliefs, myths and experiential narratives regarding coastal hazards and fishworkers' livelihoods. This paper draws insights from the works of James Scott on power and resistance in the everyday life of marginalized populations. Qualitative data for the study was collected using semi‐structured interview schedules, in‐depth group interviews, oral histories and storytelling across twenty marine fishing villages in Kerala. A significant finding of the study is that the communal discourse of coastal hazards or kolu is an integral part of fishworkers' resistance against formal authority and scientific knowledge systems in coastal management. The myths and beliefs of fishworkers are expressions of their concerns about present forms of development and coastal resource management.     

烟草粉尘的双重危害及防治技术

基于烟草粉尘的物理、化学特性,对烟草粉尘的职业病危害与粉尘爆炸双重危害进行了分析,提出了从"人、机、环、管"4个方面开展烟草粉尘的收集、清扫、治理、监测等烟草粉尘防治工作。通过建立除尘系统、佩戴防尘口罩、定期浓度检测,尽可能降低环境中的烟草粉尘浓度,减少生产过程中的吸入量,可以避免职业性危害;通过采用防爆、隔爆、泄爆设备设施、规范操作行为、实时在线监测,控制烟草粉尘的爆炸风险,尽可能降低爆炸事故发生的可能性或爆炸产生的不良影响,从而降低烟草粉尘的职业病危害与粉尘爆炸双重危害。     

Dental Workers,Musculoskeletal CumulativeTrauma,and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Who is at Risk? A Pilot Study

A pilot study was conducted at a dental clinic to identify (a) the prevalence of musculoskeletal cumulative trauma disorders (MCTD), (b) associated symptoms (with special attention paid to carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS]), and (c) practitioners at risk. Videotapes, two questionnaires, a medical record review, and interviews were used. Forty-five dental workers participated and were classified into three categories: (a) dentists, (b) dental assistants and special assistants (DA/SA), and (c) dental hygienists and dental assistant-expanded function (DH/DAEF). Categorical data were analyzed using the chi- square statistic and risk ratios. The Fisher exact probability test was used for categorical data with a small cell. One or more symptoms associated with CTS were noted by 75.6% of the dental workers, 11% reported diagnosed CTS, and 53% reported back and shoulder pain. Both psychosocial factors and job demands appear to be associated with MCTD. All three categories of dental workers reported MCTD symptoms, and the DH/DAEF group was found to be at greatest risk for developing upper extremity symptoms, CTS, and back pain.