饮食业油烟道火灾的模糊事件树分析

对饮食业油烟道火灾事故进行事件树分析时,历史数据的缺乏常常导致无法进行事件序列的定量计算.针对这一问题,利用专家对事故的模糊评判,引入模糊事件树进行定量计算研究.在模糊集理论的基础上,结合德尔菲法和判断矩阵法, 将模糊性语言转换为三角模糊数或梯形模糊数,应用模糊数截集以及模糊数清晰化方法,对后果事件发生概率进行计算.研究表明,饮食业油烟道火灾事故概率的模糊事件树分析是切实可行的,有助对饮食业油烟道火灾的认识、预防和扑救工作.     

模糊集值统计法在煤矿安全评价指标权值中的应用

应用模糊集值统计的理论,对煤矿安全评价中具有随机性和模糊性的指标进行数学分析,进一步改进了其权值的确定方法,使其更加符合实际情况,并对由此得出的权值进行了可靠性分析.通过实例表明,该方法克服了经典统计法的不足,提高了煤矿安全评价的实用性和科学性.     

基于模糊数学方法的门式起重机风险评估研究

本文采用模糊数学方法对门式起重机潜在风险因素（腐蚀、裂纹、强度及变形）导致的金属结构破坏进行风险评估。从主梁和支腿两个角度出发,建立了不同金属结构风险影响因素为子系统的多层次评判系统。该方法方便了门式起重机的综合安全风险评估,为提高其安全性能提供了方向。     

暴雨内涝下城市道路交通系统安全韧性评估

为评估暴雨内涝对城市道路交通系统的安全韧性影响,通过分析道路交通系统安全韧性因素,划分排水网、道路网、交通网及应急网等4层网络,构建城市道路交通系统韧性网络分层模型,并给出模型内涵与机制;结合该分层模型设计系统韧性评估指标体系,采用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)给出定性和定量相结合的系统韧性评估方法;最后,以北京某区域暴雨内涝灾害实例进行验证分析。结果表明:3次降雨后,系统韧性机能曲线均产生严重下降,降幅分别为68.18%,51.28%和59.52%,系统平均韧性为0.57,韧性评估结果为0.53,评估结果和实例分析基本一致。所提方法能够开展暴雨内涝下的城市道路交通系统安全韧性及演化趋势分析,准确评估系统安全韧性,从而提高系统安全韧性的管理水平。     

涂层大气腐蚀的模糊综合评定

此文将模糊理论应用于涂层的大气腐蚀试验,针对对比性腐蚀试验结果,提出了涂层保护性能大气腐蚀模糊综合评定方法。本法具有简捷、迅速、准确等优点。     

Application of Multiattribute Decision-Making Methods for the Determination of Relative Significance Factor of Impact Categories

A relative significance factor (f _i ) of an impact category is the external weight of the impact category. The objective of this study is to propose a systematic and easy-to-use method for the determination of f _i . Multiattribute decision-making (MADM) methods including the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the rank-order centroid method, and the fuzzy method were evaluated for this purpose. The results and practical aspects of using the three methods are compared. Each method shows the same trend, with minor differences in the value of f _i . Thus, all three methods can be applied to the determination of f _i . The rank order centroid method reduces the number of pairwise comparisons by placing the alternatives in order, although it has inherent weakness over the fuzzy method in expressing the degree of vagueness associated with assigning weights to criteria and alternatives. The rank order centroid method is considered a practical method for the determination of f _i because it is easier and simpler to use compared to the AHP and the fuzzy method.     

A participatory approach to ecosystem conservation: fuzzy cognitive maps and stakeholder group analysis in Uluabat Lake,Turkey

Fuzzy cognitive mapping was used to develop a participatory ecosystem management plan for Uluabat Lake, Turkey. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders belonging to six different groups. Lake pollution was the most central and most mentioned variable for stakeholders. Stakeholder groups agree that lake pollution is negatively affecting ecosystem health and thereby local economies. Thus, reducing lake pollution was chosen as the overall goal for the management plan. Possible ways to reduce lake pollution and increase ecosystem health were seen differently by the different groups. Hunters, factory managers, NGO personnel, and local people thought industry was the main cause of lake pollution, while officials from the government and local municipalities thought roads and urban development contributed the most to lake pollution. Generally the stakeholder groups did not perceive their own actions as affecting the lake as strongly as other groups thought. For example, factory managers viewed factory pollution as negatively affecting the lake but less strongly than the other groups did. According to policy option simulations, reducing lake pollution had positive effects on all variables, especially fish, birds, animal husbandry, irrigation, agriculture, and the ecological balance of the lake. Results of this analysis were used to facilitate meetings among stakeholder groups and to develop a participatory ecosystem management plan. The analysis was useful for pointing out the similarities as well as the differences among the groups. It also helped the facilitators understand the focus of each stakeholder group and enabled them to suggest activities in which each group would want to participate.