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41.
Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate fluoride removal by Al,Fe,and Ti-based coagulants and adsorbents,as well as the effects of coexisting ions and formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes on fluoride removal by co-precipitation with alum(Al_2(SO_4)_3·18H_2O).Aluminum sulfate was more efficient than the other coagulants for fluoride removal in the pH range between 6 and 8.Nano-crystalline TiO_2 was more effective for fluoride removal than Al and Fe hydroxides in a pH range of 3–5.Coexisting anions in water decreased the removal of fluoride in the order:phosphate(2.5 mg/L) arsenate(0.1 mg/L) bicarbonate(200 mg/L) sulfate(100 mg/L) = nitrate(100 mg/L) silicate(10 mg/L) at a pH of 6.0.The effect of silicate became more significant at pH 7.0.Calcium and magnesium improved the removal of fluoride.Zeta-potential measurements determined that the adsorption of fluoride shifted the PZC of Al(OH)_3 precipitates from 8.9 to 8.4,indicating the chemical adsorption of fluoride at the surface.The presence of fluoride in solution significantly increased the soluble aluminum concentration at pH 6.5.A Visual MINTEQ modeling study indicated that the increased aluminum solubility was caused by the formation of AlF~(2+),AlF~(+2),and AlF_3complexes.The AlF_x complexes decreased the removal of fluoride during co-precipitation with aluminum sulfate. 相似文献
42.
电极法测定降水中的氟具有选择性好、灵敏度高、线性范围宽,降水中的浑浊和色度不影响测定的特点,测定范围为0.05-1900mg/L,应用文中所拟测定降水中氟化物,结果令人满意。 相似文献
43.
分别采用(NH4)2HPO4,NH4HCO3,NaHCO3等对赤泥进行活化处理,并制备成球形颗粒,同时研究了活化剂浓度、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等对赤泥除氟剂吸附性能的影响。结果表明:在活化剂质量浓度为10%左右、焙烧温度500℃,焙烧时间2 h时制备的除氟剂具有较好的除氟效果,且采用(NH4)2HPO4,NH4HCO3,NaHCO3对赤泥进行活化处理制备的除氟剂能分别使溶液中氟离子的质量浓度从19 mg/L分别降低到0.085,0.13及0.19 mg/L,相应地除氟剂的吸附容量均达0.94 mg/g以上。 相似文献
44.
Hanen Bessaies Sidra Iftekhar Muhammad Bilal Asif Jamel Kheriji Chaker Necibi Mika Sillanpää Bechir Hamrouni 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):301-315
A series of novel adsorbents composed of cellulose (CL) with Ca/Al layered double hydroxide (CCxA; where x represent the Ca/Al molar ratio) were prepared for the adsorption of antimony (Sb(V)) and fluoride (F?) ions from aqueous solutions. The CCxA was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), elemental analysis (CHNS/O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA), zeta potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis. The effects of varying parameters such as dose, pH, contact time, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption process were investigated. According to the obtained results, the adsorption processes were described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model provided the best fit for the experimental data and was used to describe isotherm constants. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 77.2 and 63.1 mg/g for Sb(V) and F?, respectively by CC3A (experimental conditions: pH 5.5, time 60 min, dose 15 mg/10 mL, temperature 298 K). The CC3A nanocomposite was able to reduce the Sb(V) and F? ions concentration in synthetic solution to lower than 6 μg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively, which are maximum contaminant levels of these elements in drinking water according to WHO guidelines. 相似文献
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固氟剂应用于砖瓦厂氟治理的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
首次将固氟剂应用于砖瓦厂的氟治理试验,结果表明,在所选用的4种固氟剂中,以白泥的固氟效果最佳,经过烧制,对以红壤和青紫泥为材料制成的红砖的固氟率,在实验室模拟条件试验中分别为38.07%和52.90%,在砖瓦厂生产条件试验分别为48.03%和51.35%,白泥作为一种工业废物,应用于砖瓦厂氟治理,特别是无组织排放的控制,不仅颇具良好前景,而且为白泥的处置利用提供一条“以废治废”的新途径。 相似文献
47.
A series of H-SAPO-34 zeolites were synthesized by a hydrothermal method in fluoride media. The as-synthesized H-SAPO-34 zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 physisorption, temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (NH3-TPD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. The results showed that a certain concentration of F− anions promoted the nucleation and crystallization of H-SAPO-34. The H-SAPO-34 synthesized in the fluoride media showed high crystallinity, uniform particle size distribution, large specific surface area and pore volume, and enhanced acidity. Therefore, Cu/SAPO-34 based on the fluoride-assisted zeolite showed a broadened temperature window for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 (NH3-SCR) reaction due to the enhanced acidity of the zeolite and the improved dispersion of copper species. 相似文献
48.
三峡库区地方性氟中毒病区与非病区土壤氟地球化学 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
巫山、奉节是三峡库区最典型的地方性氟中毒区(简称地氟病区)。利用多目标地球化学调查方法,通过野外实地调查,大面积系统采集土壤深层、表层土壤样品、分析测试、数理统计,探讨了三峡库区沿长江各区县土壤氟含量、典型地氟病区与非病区深层、表层土壤氟的含量特征与差异。发现三峡库区沿长江各区县深、表层土壤氟含量均表现为:巫山>奉节>涪陵>丰都、万州、开县、云阳、忠县、长寿。巫山、奉节表层土壤氟含量分别为全国土壤氟含量均值的2.598倍、1.883倍,丰都等6区县深、表层土壤F含量与全国均值基本相当。各地区表层土壤明显继承了深层土壤氟的地球化学特征。地氟病最严重的巫山县表层土壤氟富集程度最高,而最轻的长寿县表层土壤则表现出明显的氟淋失。地氟病区深层、表层土壤F含量均远高于非病区,土壤F含量与地氟病发病率间具极显著正相关,土壤F含量对发病率具有明显的影响。土壤F与土壤中造岩元素具显著正相关,主要来自于成土母质。 相似文献
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50.
Simultaneous removal of arsenite and fluoride via an integrated electro-oxidation and electrocoagulation process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An integrated electro-oxidation and electrocoagulation system was designed and used to remove As(III) and F− ions from water simultaneously. Dimensionally stable anodes (DSA), Fe electrodes, and Al electrodes were combined into an electrochemical system. Two pieces of DSA electrodes were assigned as the outside of the Fe and Al electrodes and were directly connected to the power supply as anode and cathode, respectively. The Fe and Al ions were generated by electro-induced process simultaneously. Subsequently, hydroxides of Fe and Al were formed. Arsenic ions are mainly removed by iron hydroxides and F− ions are mainly removed by the Al oxides. At the initial concentration of 1.0 mg L−1, most of As(III) was transferred into As(V) within 40 min at current density of 4 mA cm−2, whereas F− ions can be efficiently removed simultaneously. The effect of the ratio of Fe and Al plate electrodes and current density on the removal of As(III) and F− was investigated. With one piece of Fe plate electrode and three pieces of Al plate electrodes, it is observed that As(III) with concentration of 1 mg L−1 and F− with concentration of 4.5 mg L−1 can be removed and their final concentrations were below the values of 10 μg L−1 and 1.0 mg L−1, respectively within 40 min. Removal efficiency of As(III) increases with the increase of solution pH. However, in the pH range of 6-7, removal efficiency of F− is the largest. 相似文献