Hydro-chemical Survey of Groundwater of Hisar City and Assessment of Defluoridation Methods Used in India

Ground water quality of Hisar city was assessed for its suitability for drinking purposes. Samples collected from the Bore-wells (forms a part of municipal water supply) and handpumps (direct consumption) were analyzed for the various physico-chemical parameters including pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts, total hardness, total alkalinity, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride and sulfate. The concentrations of magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate and especially of chloride were found moderately higher than the WHO standards for the drinking water. Further a comparison of fluoride (F⁻) levels in groundwater of various cities and towns of Haryana state was performed. The relatively higher concentrations of F⁻ in groundwater of Haryana raise the risk of fluorosis and hence groundwater must be used with proper treatment. Promising defluoridation methods using locally available materials and technologies are discussed for the prevention and control of fluorosis. Data were assessed statistically to find the suitable markers of ground water quality as an aid to monitoring groundwater quality.     

水体环境中氟化物的测定方法研究

利用离子选择电极法和离子色谱法,比较测定了饮用水、景观水及地表水水体中氟化物的含量,发现对污染程度不同的水体两种方法表现出不同的优势,可以指导分析人员根据水体污染程度选择相应的检测方法。     

含高氟废水处理方法的研究

介绍了利用络合原理复配的高效除氟剂—改性聚铁 ,结合传统的钙盐沉降法工艺处理高氟废水的测验。在实验条件下 ,氟与改性聚铁 ,氯化钙形成多元络合物复合盐 ,然后用聚丙烯酰胺絮凝。废水中氟浓度下降至 1 0 /mg· L- 1 以下 ,排放废水含氟量达到国家标准     

常见茶叶氟含量的聚类分析及氟安全性探讨

用氟离子选择电极法测定10种茶叶的含氟总量及水溶性氟含量。并利用聚类分析的方法对含氟总量及浸出率进行了研究。结果表明茶叶的含氟量差异较大,受产地,茶叶制作工艺影响呈现类别性。同时可溶性氟含量除了与含氟总量正相关,还随比表面积的增大,浸泡时间的增加而增大。浸泡次数的增加而减少。     

Removal of F− and organic matter from coking wastewater by coupling dosing FeCl3 and AlCl3

Coagulation and precipitation is a widely applied method to remove F^? from wastewater. In this work, the effect of coagulation on the removal of F^? and organic matter from coking wastewater was studied using AlCl₃ and FeCl₃ as compound coagulants. The removal rates of F^? and organic matter under different coagulant doses and pH conditions were investigated. The results show that the highest removal rates of F^? by AlCl₃ and FeCl₃ are 94.4% and 25.4%, respectively; when the dosage is 10 mmol/L, the TOC removal rates of FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ reach 20.4% and 34.7%, respectively. Therefore, the removal rate of F^? by AlCl₃ is higher than that of FeCl₃, but the removal rate of organic matter by FeCl₃ is relatively higher. The addition of Ca²⁺ can promote the removal of F^?, but the removal rate of organic matter decreases. In addition, by investigating the effects of different pH and Fe–Al ratio on the removal rate, the removal effect of adding FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ at the same time was discussed. The results show that the most suitable working condition for the removal of organic matter and F^? is that the pH is 6.5 and the molar ratio of Al/Fe is 8:2. Overall, the removal mechanism of F^? and organic matter in coking wastewater by FeCl₃ and AlCl₃ was explored in this study. The experimental results can provide reference for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater.     

含氟废水的粉煤灰吸附研究

采用热电厂库弃物粉煤灰为吸附剂，对氟离子浓度为１００￣５００ｍｇ／Ｌ含氟废水进行了除氟研究，并搪塞了除氟机理。结果表明，除氟性能与粉煤类的粒径大小，吸附时间，氟离子初始浓度，废水的ＰＨ值，温度等有关，粉煤灰－氟离子体系的吸附行为符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ吸附等温方程，氟离子在粉灰煤表面形成了氢键吸附和取代吸附。除氟率达９０％以上，除氟后的饱和灰烧制成砖块，对环境不引起二次污染。