上海市嘉定县的酸雨现状

叙述了嘉定县1989～1991年酸雨的发展趋势及现状,并扼要分析了成因。     

Genetic analysis of parentage within experimental populations of a male dimorphic beetle,<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Onthophagus taurus</Emphasis>, using amplified fragment length polymorphism

We used the multilocus DNA fingerprinting technique, amplified fragment length polymorphism, to examine parentage of 902 offspring from eight experimental populations of the dung beetle, Onthophagus taurus. The males of this species exhibit a suit of morphological and behavioural traits that characterise alternative mating tactics. Hornless minor males sneak copulations with females that are guarded by horned major males. Our aims were to provide a prospective assessment of the potential role of frequency dependence in the maintenance of alternative mating tactics, to assess the levels of polyandry, and to determine the patterns of sperm usage by multiply mated females. The average proportion of offspring sired by major and minor males did not co-vary with the relative frequency of each morph present in experimental populations. However, there was some indication that the effective mating frequency (number of females producing offspring sired by a given male) of major and minor males may exhibit frequency dependence. Mating success of both male types declined with increasing numbers of major males. Paternity was positively associated with effective mating frequency. Females produced offspring sired from between one and eight males and, on average, paternity was distributed equally amongst a females mates, regardless of the number of males mated. Differences in fertilisation success among males were not associated with alternative male phenotypes. Neither did a males fertilisation success depend on his genetic dissimilarity with the female. These results are discussed in the context of the evolution of alternative mating strategies, and mechanisms of postcopulatory sexual selection.Communicated by N. Wedell     

CTR·DL噪声影响测量分析及控制建议

通过对ＣＴＲ·ＤＬ噪声影响状况的测量分析和评价，揭示了该公司噪声污染的程度，并为该公司的噪声治理控制提供了依据     

Experimental study of the stack geometric parameters effect on the resonance frequency of a standing wave thermoacoustic refrigerator

Thermoacoustic refrigeration is an emerging technology that makes use of acoustic power to pump heat. The resonance frequency is important for the performance of thermoacoustic refrigerators, as it affects the temperature difference across the stack. This paper aims to optimize the performance of thermoacoustic refrigerators by experimentally investigating the effect of the stack geometric parameters (i.e. stack position, stack length, and the stack size) on the resonance frequency of a standing wave loudspeaker driven thermoacoustic refrigerator. Celcor Ceramic stacks of normalized positions of 0.764, 1.05, 1.43, and 1.72, normalized lengths of 0.076, 0.114, 0.153, and 0.191, and two porosities of 0.8 and 0.85 are used. The clarification of the relationship between the stack geometric parameters and the resonance frequency of the thermoacoustic refrigerator is presented. Moreover, the coefficient of performance of the thermoacoustic refrigerator is observed to increase at the resonance frequency of each stack configuration.     

信息家电远程控制系统及其安全

利用蓝牙技术构建信息家电网络,通过Internet或PSTN(公共交换电话网)对信息家电实现远程控制。笔者给出了基于蓝牙技术的信息家电网络的组成,设计了基于PSTN的远程控制系统。系统采用单片机控制,用户可使用固定电话或手机,根据系统提供的语音提示对其进行远程控制。输入初始密码,由双音多频收号器接收密码,并由系统进行验证,只有正确输入密码,用户才有权对系统进行操作,且可连续对信息家电系统中多个设备实施远程控制。初始密码验证通过后,用户可以根据语音提示很方便地进行密码的设置和修改。通过设置密码和蓝牙技术的安全机制,提供了信息家电网络和远程控制系统的安全保障。     

数据采集在火焰闪烁频率的测量研究及分析中的应用

当可燃物燃烧时,产生的火焰通常具有一定的闪烁频率,并且每种可燃物都具有个自固定的闪烁频率,这种频率在火灾的危险度评估和火灾的监控中具有重要的研究价值.为了测量这些可燃物的火焰的闪烁频率,我们设计了数据采集系统,用多种可燃材料进行了大量的实验,研究了算法.经过处理和分析,得出了火焰闪烁频率分布在3-25Hz之间,主要频率在7-12Hz范围内,并且火焰闪烁频率与火焰大小和距红外接收器件的距离无关.基于以上结论,可以认为将火焰的闪烁频率作为判断火灾是否发生的判据是完全可以的.     

物联网技术在城市生活垃圾收运系统中的应用

我国的城市生活垃圾收运系统因其回收率低,监管难等问题,一直受到社会的广泛关注,而物联网技术因其可追溯性、动态性等特点,在解决该问题上表现出其显著优势。简要介绍了物联网技术的作用及其应用领域,总结了国内外基于物联网技术的城市生活垃圾收运情况,以我国上海市餐厨垃圾收运情况为案例,对其现状和目前存在的问题进行了总结,并结合物联网技术对餐厨垃圾信息化收运的管理方法进行了展望。     

Quantitative risk assessment: How realistic are those frequency assumptions?

Although much has changed in recent decades in how the consequences are treated in risk assessment of major industrial accidents, estimation of frequencies still appears to be largely based on values from several decades ago. This paper reviews briefly some of the implications of this, drawing on lessons not only from the process industries but also from other not so obviously relevant fields such as aerospace and finance, where the significance of such factors such as organizational culture, normalization of deviance, ownership, demographic change, etc. is becoming increasingly recognized in the analysis and hence the control of risk.Failure to consider such factors and their effects can pose a problem, because risk assessment is not simply an abstract concept but can have a real influence on the level of risk. If protective measures such as the safety culture of the site, etc. can be shown to significantly change the risk zone, this can persuade the risk generator to improve those factors or take other steps to reduce the risk such as reducing the inventory in the process. Conversely, assessments conducted for well-run companies may misrepresent the risk if the site ownership changes to a financial holding company with a focus on maximizing short-term profit and resale of the assets, and it can be difficult even for well-motivated management to justify protective measures if they produce no apparent difference in the risk.This paper introduces these and other issues for consideration in the symposium which follows.     

有源滤波器在港口起重设备上的应用

由于技术的进步和生产要求的提高．变频技术被越来越多的使用在包括港口起重机械在内的起重设备中。在提高整机性能的同时,大量谐波的出现也给起重设备的运行带来较大危害。本文针对某港口出现的谐波问题,采用了有源滤波器对谐波进行处理,取得了良好的效果,具有广阔的应用前景。     

江苏省南通市区酸雨组分分析

简要介绍了2001年-2007年南通市区降水中硫酸根占比44．21％,硝酸根占比15．74％,氟离子占比7．89％;铵离子占比12．26％,钙离子占比11．51%,钠离子占比3．85％;多年阴、阳离子平均占比呈双曲线对称管道,1～4月管道中酸雨频率由高向低,5～9月管道中酸雨频率波动不大,10～12月管道中酸雨频率由低向高;同时酸雨频率由2001年升高到2007年的程度,与阳离子占比下降6．9个百分点,阴离子占比上升6．9个百分点相关。