Determination of 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples of Jinan in China by solid phase extraction coupled with GC-MS

Octylphenols, considered as xenoestrogens, mainly exist as 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) in aquatic environments. The high stability and accumulation of OP in aquatic systems have caused endocrine disruption. The OP in surface water in Jinan, China was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE). Water samples were extracted by SPE on a cartridge system containing C-18 as sorbent. To increase sensitivity and selectivity, OP was derivatized to 4-tert-octyl-phenoxy silane. With the use of phenanthrene-d10 as internal standard, the detection limit based on signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3) was 0.06 ng/mL. The average recovery was from 84.67% to 109.7%. The precision of the method given as the relative standard deviations (RSD) was within the range 6.24%-12.96%. In the target water samples, the concentrations of OP were as follows: 15.88-71.24 ng/L for Jinxiuchuan Reservoir, 3.850-26.68 ng/L for the city moat, 6.930-41.56 ng/L for Daming Lake, 66.03-474.2 ng/L for Xiaoqing River, 14.66-17.72 ng/L for the Yellow River, and 10.60-26.43 ng/L for Queshan Reservoir. The Xiaoqing River was seriously polluted due to the discharge of wastewater from Jinan. Jinxiuchuan Reservoir had a higher concentration of OP compared with the Yellow River and Queshan Reservoir, which is ascribed to the surrounding human activities. These data are reported for the first time, providing strong support for the control of OP pollution in Jinan.     

石油化工行业特征挥发性有机物主要成分研究

2014年青奥会期间,南京市采用苏玛罐采样和GC-MS分析的方法对2家石油化工企业部分典型工艺的特征挥发性有机物进行监测分析.结果表明:石油化工行业挥发性有机物主要组分为烷烃、苯系物、含氧有机物、卤代烃和烯烃;主要特征污染物包括异丁烷、正戊烷、正丁烷、正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醛、丙酮、二氯乙烷、三氯苯等.对石油化工行业挥发性有机物主要成分分析,为“十三五”开展的石油化工行业自行监测和环境管理提供了基础资料.     

一株石油降解赤红球菌(Rhodococcus rubber)特性及处理含油废水研究

从石油污染土壤筛选出一株高效石油降解菌JC-106,经细菌形态学、生理生化及16S r DNA序列分析鉴定为赤红球菌(Rhodococcus rubber).在温度15~40℃、初始p H 6~8、盐度0~4%条件下培养生长良好.该菌能利用十二烷、二十四烷、正辛烷、邻苯二酚、蒽、萘为唯一碳源生长.在较低温度下能有效降解原油,在15和35℃培养15 d对原油降解率分别为41.61%和58.18%,GC-MS分析发现原油组分中正构烷烃(C14~C44)降解率达到96.13%.在含1000 mg·L~(-1)原油的人工废水中加入2%(V/V)赤红球菌JC-106菌悬液,采用SBR间歇式活性污泥法处理含油废水,15 d后出水COD、NH_4+-N、TP平均去除率分别为96.49%、96.88%、99.15%,原油去除率为92.43%,对照组原油去除率仅为53.80%.JC-106在含油废水中稳定生长,数量维持在4.8×1010~1.0×1011cfu·mL~(-1)左右.     

固相萃取结合GC和GC—MS快速测定血浆中局麻药

本文用本实验室发展起来的Ｘ－５大孔高分子树脂固相萃取预处理技术，结合毛细管气相色谱和ＧＣ－ＭＳ，建立了人血浆中１２种局部麻醉药的筛选方法。该方法快速简便，其灵敏度和线性范围满足临床急性中毒分析的要求。     

Oviposition by butterflies on young leaves: Investigation of leaf volatiles

Summary Various butterflies select young foliage on which to lay their eggs; volatiles emitted by young and old leaves have been compared (by sorption enrichment, followed by GC-MS) to gauge possible qualitative and quantitative differences between the two age groups. The plants investigated are cabbage (Brassica oleracea), two milkweeds (Asclepias syriaca andA. curassavica), the bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) and the lime (C. aurantiifolia). The chemical compounds identified belong to three classes, isoprenoids, fatty acid derivatives and benzenoids. Quantitative differences were found between young and old leaves, of which a few may be characteristic of young leaves only. Thirty-four single trials withDanaus plexippus exposed to volatiles from young and old leaves are recorded.     

Labial gland marking secretion in males of two Scandinavian cuckoo bumblebee species (genusPsithyrus)

Summary Chemical components of the cephalic labial gland secretion, which most likely is used as a precopulatory attracting signal, were identified in males of the cuckoo bumblebeesPsithyrus vestalis (Geoffroy) andP. bohemicus (Seidl.) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The former species has geranylcitronellyl acetate as main component, plus in decreasing amounts geranylcitronellol, an eicosadienal, an eicosenol, and an eicosenal. Another 17 fatty acid derivatives are present in minor amounts. The labial secretion ofP. vestalis differs distinctly in its chemistry from that of all of the 8 other ScandinavianPsithyrus species. In the taxonomically closely related (same subgenus)P. bohemicus, the labial gland secretion contains 16 fatty acid derivatives, of which 12 (75%) are present also in the secretion ofP. vestalis. Thus, both the labial gland secretions, and morphological traits lend support to the hypothesis that the two species share a common ancestor. The reproductive isolation between them is, at least in part, supported by the inclusion of a second biosynthetical pathway (the mevalonic acid pathway producing terpenoids) inP. vestalis, in addition to the pathway common to both species (the polyketide pathway producing fatty acid derivatives).     

成瘾者头发样品中滥用药物的GC—MS鉴定

本文采用气相色谱－质谱方法分离、鉴定成瘾者头发样品中的滥用药物，样品处理方法简单，甲醇一次超声提取，提取效果较好，样品用量少，仅需２０ｍｇ。应用该法对几例成瘾者头发样品进行了分析鉴定，不公检出几种代谢产物，而且检出药物的原形。     

GC-MS法测定植物排放的萜烯类化合物

采用流动式采样与气相色谱-质谱联用法研究了意大利撒丁岛Noak’s Ark自然生态区四种主要灌木树种Juniperus phoenicea(腓尼基桧)，Pistacia lentiscus(黄连木)，Phillyrea angustifilia，Chamaerops humilis(欧洲矮棕)的排放速率和排放特征。结果表明，JuniPerus phoenicea(腓尼基桧)，Pistacia lentiscus(黄连本)，Phillyrea angustifilia主要排放萜烯类化合物，其中包括α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、苎烯、戊花烃、莰烯、β-水芹烯、桧烯、β-香叶烯和3-蒈烯等；Chamaerops humilis(欧洲矮棕)主要排放异戊二烯。在标准条件下(温度30℃，PAR为1000μmo1．m^-2．s^-1)，四种树种的排放速率分别为0.15、2．10、0．20和1．87μg／g(DW)．h。     

气质联机法分析水中苯胺方法的研究

随着社会经济的发展,人们环境意识的提高,水中有机污染越来越爱人们关注,目前国家对于苯胺的标准分析方法为液相色谱法与N-(1-萘基)乙二胺偶氮分光光度法,但在国内有些环境监测部门没有液相色谱仪器,而气质联机在国内比较普遍,本文通过对采用气质联机法分析水中苯胺的方法的研究,希望能为国内环保监测工作提供一定的经验与技术.     

Investigation of volatile methyl siloxanes in biogas and the ambient environment in a landfill

Landfill biogas is a potential alternative for fossil fuel,but the containing impurities,volatile methyl siloxanes(simplified as siloxanes),often cause serious problems in gas turbines when applied to generate electricity.In this research,a collecting and analyzing method based on solvent adsorption and purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established to determine the siloxanes in biogas from a landfill in Jinan,China,and adjacent ambient samples,such as soil,air,and leachate of the landfill.The results showed that,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5) accounted for 63% of total siloxanes;and without considering D4 and D5,the order of detected siloxanes in concentration was found relating to Gibbs free energies of molecules,namely that higher abundant siloxane(except for D4 and D5) usually had lower Gibbs free energy.Additionally,the mass ratio between D4 and octamethyltrisiloxane(L3) in the bio gas varied with different garbage age in landfills,possibly revealing the breaking-down of larger siloxane molecules with time.The samples,which were collected from environmental samples adjacent to the landfill,such as soil,water,and air,presented much higher siloxane level than urban or rural area away from landfills.The current H2 S scrubber of the landfill biogas could decrease the total siloxanes from 10.7 to 5.75 mg/m~3 due to Fe2 O3 and a refrigerant drier in a purification system and cyclic siloxanes were more easily removed than linear ones.