气相色谱法分离和测定合成革用胶粘剂中的挥发性有机物

对合成革用胶粘剂中的发挥有机成份进行了色谱分离，并测定了胶粘剂中的9种挥发性有机物，方法的加标回收率为89.4%～102.8%，变异系数为1.2%～5.0%。     

稻麦轮作田氮素径流流失特征初步研究

针对近年来氮素化肥施用量大而利用率较低现状，在江苏太湖地区设计田间试验，研究稻麦轮作田全年氮素流失特征。结果表明，在本试验条件下稻季和麦季径流中氮损失量相近，麦季略高，约占施氮量的2％左右。麦稻轮作田径流氮损失中氨态氮较少，以硝态氮和其他形态氮为主，其中氨态氮损失以稻季为主，硝态氮损失稻季和麦季相近，其他形态氮损失麦季较多。不同作物田径流氮组成存在差异，麦季径流氮以硝态氮和其他形态氮为主，氨态氮极少，而稻季在施肥后短时间内径流氮中氨态氮、硝态氮和其他形态氮大致相当，其他时间以硝态氮和其他形态氮为主。     

Advanced process systems design technology for pollution prevention and waste treatment

The paper presents a generic process synthesis and optimisation tool suitable to take up applications in the design of waste treatment systems and in pollution prevention. The main component of the technology is a generalized process synthesis representation for simultaneous consideration of reaction and separation in multiphase systems that is amenable for stochastic optimisation. The flexibility of the representation allows applications to overall process synthesis problems as well as to decomposed reactor, reactive separation and mass exchange network design problems. Applications of the synthesis framework to waste water treatments processes using activated sludge and to natural gas sweetening in hybrid membrane-adsorption processes are presented. The paper highlights the use of the systematic technology in environmental systems design and shows how novel designs of improved performance as well as optimal design knowledge can be revealed using the systematic design framework. Context abstract: Environmental process systems for waste treatment and pollution prevention become increasingly complicated to design. There is a strong need for technology that provides systematic decision support to the process synthesis team in order to enable the timely selection of processes that operate close to the performance limits of the system under consideration. Conventional, optimisation-based process design technology is severely limited by the number of design decisions they can support simultaneously as well as by the increasingly complex process models required for the meaningful mathematical representation of environmental process systems. We have devised an optimisation-based process design methodology for integrated reaction and separation systems that overcomes major limitations of existing tools. This paper illustrates the use of this technology to provide systematic decision-support to the environmental process systems designer.     

沈阳市填埋场填埋气利用途径比较

通过对国外填埋气体的利用情况介绍和国内现有填埋气体利用途径的比较,得出沈阳市填埋气体适于发电的结论。     

火电厂灰场排水除氟与降pH的试验研究

本文根据湖北荆门热电厂灰场排水水质情况采用硫酸铝－助凝剂的方法进行了除氟与降ｐＨ的试验研究．分别通过静态试验、实验室配水动态试验和现场动态试验,使灰场排水中的氟离子含量由１８ｍｇ／Ｌ左右降至１０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下,ｐＨ值由９左右降至８以下。灰场排水处理量为每小时５ｔ的现场试验结果表明,降低水中氟离子含量并同时降低其ｐＨ值的药品成本费为每吨灰火０．０５元左右,只降低ｐＨ的药成本费为每吨灰水０．０３元以下．     

装饰材料所致的室内空气污染

对商业、工业、住宅等不同功能区和不同室内燃料的厨房、卧室、教室等室内房间，作了空气中甲醛的本底值调查。调查表明，甲醛浓度范围为０．０００７－０．０１２５ｍｇ／ｍ＾３。对１５户普通家庭装潢户的调查表明，经装潢后１年以上测得的甲醛，总烃、苯、甲苯平均浓度分别为０．０２、０．５０、０．７６、１．２５ｍｇ／ｍ＾３。氯乙烯、苯乙烯未测出。其中甲醛平均浓度高出本底值２０倍，为前苏联建议的日平均浓度的１．６倍。     

环境空气中二氧化氮的测定及问题研究

通过介绍环境空气中二氧化氮的测定方法──自动仪器监测法，对有关问题进行了初步探讨和研究，为正确使用该方法和仪器，确保监测工作的顺利进行提供了依据。     

高效集约式净化设备处理矿井水

高效集约式净化设备适用于净矿井水净化处理后作为矿区生产或生活用水，其特征在于在进水管中投加适当的混凝剂和絮凝剂后，采用水力循环泥渣回流反应、斜管沉淀、无烟煤和石英砂双层滤料过滤，能够有效去除矿井水中悬浮物和油类物质。     

GC／MS法定量测定工业废水中半挥发性有机物

采用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法定量测定工业废水中半挥发性有机物。研究了试样预富集方法，采用不同的预富集方法，对茶，二氢苊及苯并（ａ）芘等７种物质进行富集的结果表明，采用Ｎ２吹与Ｋ－Ｄ浓缩相结合的方法，优于其他方法，其回收率与美国ＥＰＡ－６２５方法的数据相近，回收率在９２％以上，研究了定量测定条件，以２，２′－二氟联苯为内标物质，测定不同浓度的半挥发性ＥＰＡ标准样品的响应因子Ｄ≤２５％。测定了上海焦化厂工业放心     

作业环境空气中醋酸异丁酯的气相色谱测定方法

根据国外卫生标准的要求，建立了作业环境空气中醋酸异丁酯的气相色谱分析测定方法．