环境样品中PCBs的测定

本文详细地介绍了应用 ＧＣ／ＭＳ或ＧＣ／ＥＣＤ测定环境样品样中 ＰＣＢＳ的分析方法及样品前处理的方法，并给出了 ３０个行政检查样品的测定结果。     

煤矿酸性水治理方案的评价

通过煤矿酸性水处理方案的评价提出最终选用的工艺。首先提出酸性水的问题及要求达到的目标，提出三个供选方案，然后，分别对这三个方案进行系统的结构分析，确定评价因子及模糊评价模型。通过分析计算，得出综合评价值，最后以该值作为选用方案的依据，这样避免了方案选择的盲目性。     

淄博煤矿区矿井水的化学形成及其模拟

研究矿井水形成过程，对于防治采矿活动引起水环境污染具有重要意义，以淄博煤矿区矿井水为例，分析其形成过程并利用化学平衡热力学法对其进行模拟。结果表明，矿井水的形成分为产酸过程与中和过程；矿井水的化学性状是由两过程相对作用程度确定；该矿区矿井水的硫酸根源于黄铁矿氧化，钙、镁离子不是来自通常认为的方解石与白云石，而是方解石和绿泥石。     

矿井水中微量乳化油处理试验研究

矿井水中存在的生量乳化油污染制约了其资源化程度，对它的处理已日益受到人们的重视。通过对多种吸附剂进行实验室试验。结果表明：状状活性炭有较好的吸附处理效果，并且对影响其吸附效果的有关因素进行了研究，在优化吸附条件下，通过投加混凝剂可使乳化油去除率达８５％以上。     

Feto-amniotic shunting—report of the experience of four european centres

Few reports concerning intrauterine shunting are available. We investigated the impact of this method. In order to evaluate intrauterine shunting and the complication rate for different indications, we sent a questionnaire to all German-speaking level 3 centres. In four level 3 centres, 52 intrauterine catheters were inserted in 34 fetuses. The indications were uni- or bilateral hydrothorax in nine cases, cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung in four cases, infravesical stenosis in 13 cases, and fetal ascites in eight cases. In three cases (6 per cent), difficulties occurred when the drain was inserted. In 15 cases (29 per cent), the function of the drain was reduced by dislocation or occlusion. The mortality rate caused by shunting was as high as eight per cent (four cases). The application of an intrauterine shunt currently represents a rarely performed ultrasound-guided therapeutic intervention in the fetus. In all cases, the indication for shunting is to avoid compression of normal tissue by cystic structures. A high complication rate restricts the application of drainage to selected cases.     

淋洗模拟研究有机盐膜抑制黄铁矿的生物氧化效果

经有机难溶盐包膜后的黄铁矿矿石接菌下间歇循环淋洗一年后其循环收集液中SO4^2-含量点供试样品中总SO4^2量的0.16%，较对照的下降了97％，pH从初始6.82下降至5.48，但对照pH却从初始的7.57下降至2.35，矿石样品经扫描电子显微镜显示：包膜的矿石样品表面仍呈光洁状，而对照的表面布满细小洞穴，清楚指出：笔者首次提出的有机盐膜能有效地抑制T．F菌对黄铁矿的氧化作用。     

酸性气干法制硫酸工艺应用

介绍荆门分公司50kt／a酸性气干法制硫酸装置的工艺设计特点、开车及运行情况，指出装置在运行过程中遇到的问题和解决方法。     

室内空气中苯和甲苯浓度分布特征调查

室内挥发性有机物(VOCs)中的苯和甲苯是造成室内空气污染的主要原因之一。对某系列办公室和民用住宅进行空气采样，运用气相色谱法进行分析。结果表明，对于内部装修后超过1年的办公室、室内苯、甲苯浓度均不超过标准限值：苯浓度占TVOC的1．3％—13％，其中大部分房间为7％左右：甲苯浓度占TVOC的0％—8．5％，其中大部分房间为5％以下：室内苯浓度一般高于甲苯浓度。对于内部装修后1—2月内的民用住宅，室内苯、甲苯污染相当严重，部分住宅远远超出标准限值：苯浓度一般低于或接近甲苯浓度。因此，可以认为室内甲苯的释放速度比苯快。     

Floods in southern Portugal: their physical and human causes,impacts and human response

Floods have been the most deadlynatural disasters in Portugal during the lastcentury, followed by earthquakes. The typeof flood known as a `progressive flood'mainly affects the larger basins, such asthat of the Tagus River, and results in alarge inundated area. These floods arecaused by heavy rains associated with awesterly zonal circulation that may persistfor weeks. The system of dams within thebasin reduces the frequency of flooding,but cannot `tame' the river. The dam systemhas even contributed to an increase in thepeak flow, as in the 1979 flood.Nevertheless, these floods are not a dangerfor the human population. In contrast, flashfloods are more dangerous and deadlier thanprogressive floods, as demonstrated in 1967and 1997. They affect the small drainagebasins and are caused by heavy andconcentrated rainfall, created byconvective depressions (active cold poolsor depressions caused by the interactionbetween polar and tropical air masses),active in the south of the country, in theLisbon region, Alentejo and the Algarve.Deforestation, soil impermeability, chaoticurbanization, building on floodplains, theblockage of small creeks or theircanalisation, and the building of walls andtransverse embankments along the smallcreeks all contribute to the aggravation ofthis kind of flood.     

烟气循环吸收法脱硫技术

介绍了一种先进的半干法烟气脱硫技术 ,对其工艺流程、技术特点进行了较详尽的描述。该工艺具有设备少、工艺简单、投资省、占地面积小、维护费用低等特点。