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701.
The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test is increasingly recognised as a tool for selecting and pricing biomass material for production of biogas. However, the results for the same substrate often differ between laboratories and much work to standardise such tests is still needed. In the current study, the effects from four environmental factors (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure, water vapour content and initial gas composition of the reactor headspace) on the degradation kinetics and the determined methane potential were evaluated with a 24 full factorial design. Four substrates, with different biodegradation profiles, were investigated and the ambient temperature was found to be the most significant contributor to errors in the methane potential. Concerning the kinetics of the process, the environmental factors’ impact on the calculated rate constants was negligible. The impact of the environmental factors on the kinetic parameters and methane potential from performing a BMP test at different geographical locations around the world was simulated by adjusting the data according to the ambient temperature and pressure of some chosen model sites. The largest effect on the methane potential was registered from tests performed at high altitudes due to a low ambient pressure. The results from this study illustrate the importance of considering the environmental factors’ influence on volumetric gas measurement in BMP tests. This is essential to achieve trustworthy and standardised results that can be used by researchers and end users from all over the world. 相似文献
702.
The use of flat gas-permeable membranes was investigated as components of a new process to capture and recover ammonia (NH3) in poultry houses. This process includes the passage of gaseous NH3 through a microporous hydrophobic membrane, capture with a circulating dilute acid on the other side of the membrane, and production of a concentrated ammonium (NH4) salt. Bench- and pilot-scale prototype systems using flat expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes and a sulfuric acid solution consistently reduced headspace NH3 concentrations from 70% to 97% and recovered 88% to 100% of the NH3 volatilized from poultry litter. The potential benefits of this technology include cleaner air inside poultry houses, reduced ventilation costs, and a concentrated liquid ammonium salt that can be used as a plant nutrient solution. 相似文献
703.
吹扫捕集-色质联机测定水中挥发性硫醚 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用吹扫捕集-色质联机测定水中挥发性硫醚,采用外标法,使用SIM模式对甲硫醚、乙硫醚和二甲二硫醚三种成分进行定量,方法的检出限分别为0.02、0.05和0.08μg/L,三种物质浓度在0.40~40μg/L范围内,测定结果有良好的线性,一次回归曲线的相关系数分别为0.9998、0.9999和0.9999。利用该方法对内河等实际样品进行分析,结果平行性良好,加标回收率在75.2%~88.4%之间。 相似文献
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706.
快速溶剂萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法测定农作物中的有机氯农药 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立快速溶剂萃取,固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱/串联四极杆质谱检测分析农作物中23种有机氯农药残留的方法。以油菜为样品,加标浓度为5、10、25、50μg/kg时,平均回收率在72%~101%之间,相对标准偏差3%~14%(n=5)。8种农作物(莴笋、黄瓜、蒜苗、辣椒、油菜、茄子、玉米和水稻)加标浓度为25μg/kg时的平均回收率在71%~113%之间,相对标准偏差3%~16%(n=5)。方法检出限0.75~1.76μg/kg之间。 相似文献
707.
Noureddin Osseiran Manolis N.Romanias Vincent Gaudion Maria E.Angelaki Vassileios C.Papadimitriou Alexandre Tomas Patrice Coddeville Frederic Thevenet 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(9):141-154
Atmospheric simulation chambers,are unique tools for investigating atmospheric processes in the gas and heterogeneous phases.They can provide a controlled yet realistic environment that simulates atmospheric conditions.In the current study,a Teflon atmospheric simulation chamber of 600 L,named THALAMOS(thermally regulated atmospheric simulation chamber) has been developed and cross-validated.THALAMOS can be operated over the temperature range 233 to 373 K under both static and flow conditions.It... 相似文献
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709.
次氯酸钠衍生-气相色谱法测定水中苦味酸 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用次氯酸钠衍生、毛细管柱气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定水中苦味酸,选择正己烷为萃取剂,萃取时间5 min,衍生反应时间40 min。方法在5.00μg/L~100μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.2μg/L,空白加标水样平行测定的RSD为2.2%,加标回收率为89.6%~95.0%。 相似文献
710.
气相色谱法测定水中吡虫啉和氟虫腈 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用液液萃取、气相色谱氮磷检测器同时测定水中吡虫啉和氟虫腈,以二氯甲烷为提取溶剂,考察了提取酸碱条件的影响.吡虫啉和氟虫腈分别在1.00 mg/L ~ 20.0 mg/L和0.500 mg/L-10.0 mg/L范围内线性良好,检出限分别为0.018 mg/L和0.004 mg/L(按取样体积200 mL,定容体积5 ... 相似文献