Workspace design for crane cabins applying a combined traditional approach and the Taguchi method for design of experiments

Procedures in the development process of crane cabins are arbitrary and subjective. Since approximately 42% of incidents in the construction industry are linked to them, there is a need to collect fresh anthropometric data and provide additional recommendations for design. In this paper, dimensioning of the crane cabin interior space was carried out using a sample of 64 crane operators’ anthropometric measurements, in the Republic of Serbia, by measuring workspace with 10 parameters using nine measured anthropometric data from each crane operator. This paper applies experiments run via full factorial designs using a combined traditional and Taguchi approach. The experiments indicated which design parameters are influenced by which anthropometric measurements and to what degree. The results are expected to be of use for crane cabin designers and should assist them to design a cabin that may lead to less strenuous sitting postures and fatigue for operators, thus improving safety and accident prevention.     

An evaluation of risk assessment framework for industrial accidents in India

Due to rapid industrialization, with high population density and constraints of land, it is expected that level of risks arising from the hazardous industries will increase in India in the coming decades. However, 30 years after the Bhopal accident (1984), except a few discrete regulations, there is as yet no integrated system for assessing and managing risks arising out of these hazardous industries in India. The gravity of aspects related to the management of industrial risk still remains crucially important. In particular, there is no standard guideline on risk analysis methodology, acceptability or tolerability criteria, nor is there an accident database or a risk reduction strategy for the areas where risk levels are already high. On top of this, there are technical and legislative gaps in the institutional framework to implement any of the above mentioned issues. With the backdrop of the Bhopal gas tragedy, the objective of this paper is therefore to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive risk assessment framework for the emerging economy of India, in order to control and/or to reduce the risk level that exists. In this context, regulations and policies pertaining to industrial risk assessment were reviewed.     

基于加速寿命试验理论的履带式起重机用控制器验收方法

目的提高履带式起重机用控制器可靠性验收试验的效率和效果。方法以履带式起重机用控制器为研究对象,在分析控制器实际使用环境条件和FMEA的基础上,利用加速寿命试验理论对控制器的可靠性验收试验方案进行设计,对温度和湿度进行加速,振动和电压保持典型值,利用高温高湿加速系数模型,得到改进后的验收试验定时截尾方案。结果给出了三综合(通电)条件下的高风险定时截尾方案,包括高温高湿加速条件下控制器可靠性验收试验的应力剖面、加速系数、试验方案参数以及基于试验结果的MTBF估计方法等。高温高湿加速系数为142.14,生产方风险α和使用方风险β均为30%,鉴别比d=2,最低可接受值为30 000 h,高温高湿加速条件下累积试验时间为780.92 h,判决接收故障数为2。结论该方法能够在较短的时间内获得控制器可靠性特征量的估计值,并作出接收或拒收的验收决策。加速后验收试验时间从111 000 h缩短到780.92 h,能够满足控制器实际验收需要。     

南京市初始排污权核定总体思路及存在问题

以南京市为例,从核定范围、核定对象、调查内容、核算方法、核算结果校核等方面分析了初始排污权核定的总体思路,设计了初始排污权核定的工作程序。总结归纳了实践中存在的政策性问题、技术性问题及其他普遍性问题,提出了加快相关政策条例的推进步伐、成立专门的技术机构、建立环保大数据平台、持续提升环境监测能力、加强公众参与等建议。     

基于实际测量与理论计算的装卸桥使用寿命分析

以浙江巨化集团热电厂露天煤场zQ5t-40m-A8抓斗装卸桥为研究对象,一方面采用超声波测厚仪（型号：CTl60）现场测量主梁多个截面的板厚,以此数据来计算主梁的强度和刚度是否满足使用要求;另一方面运用断裂力学,分析焊接箱型主梁在循环往复的交变载荷作用下弹塑性裂纹的扩展和失稳规律,并相对准确的预估出起重机的疲劳寿命。通过主梁刚度、强度和疲劳寿命的分析计算,对于减少起重机腐蚀、疲劳破坏事故的发生,指导起重机设计、制造、维护和特种设备检验分析等方面具有极其重要的意义。