天津经济技术开发区再生水回用情况

介绍了天津开发区污水再生回用的情况，新水源一厂(一期)的处理规模、工艺及各单体构筑物的组成，说明了再生水的用途，总结了该工程的效果。     

Regulating oil and gas facility stormwater discharge: An assessment of surface impoundments,spills, and permit compliance

Contaminated stormwater runoff from oil and gas (O&G) operations can pose a significant threat to surface waters. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent of this threat and identify more specific permitting requirements to protect surface waters. To better understand the extent of the threat, this paper identified and characterized the use of waste surface impoundments at O&G facilities as well as the threat level from O&G spills in California. To assess the efficacy of the current federal and California state-permitting regime, the paper evaluated stormwater permit compliance in two California counties. It also reviewed selected spill cases and associated Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Plans and Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans to identify the adequacy of current industry practices.The analysis showed that contaminated stormwater from O&G facilities can be better regulated. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency does not require O&G facilities to file for an Industrial Stormwater General Permit even though many O&G industry practices have the potential to contaminate stormwater runoff from the site. When O&G facilities discharge a Reportable Quantity of a hazardous chemical or violate a water quality standard, they are required to enroll in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit program. Spills, although not a direct indication of stormwater runoff, can highlight polluted runoff discharges that should have been regulated. Medium and large spills that reached waterways were such a risk for which operators did not file for a permit. In California new filing requirements for the oil and gas industry require all facilities that discharge stormwater that has come into contact with any overburden, raw material, or intermediate products located on the site, to file for an Industrial Stormwater General Permit. As this study showed, there has been an increase in enrollment since the enactment of the new requirements. Having all facilities enroll in the general permit program, as done in California, would require minimum monitoring and maintenance that could help prevent spills. A further step to ensure better protocol is to require specific pollution control practices in addition to the current general permit requirements. Such permitting regimes not only can be implemented on the US federal level but also internationally.     

OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT AND DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS1

ABSTRACT: A possible methodology is developed to deal with the problem of designing complex pipeline systems, when they are subject to different rates of demand, and when a hypothesis of the flow distribution in different branches is not allowed. The mathematical algorithm used in linear programming. The problem, which is not linear, is dealt with by means of an iterative method; that is, by starting with a possible solution and inserting at each iteration the solution found in the preceding iteration. By taking as variables of the problem the piezometric heads of the ends for each branch of the network, the piezometric gradients and flows, and by thus considering the diameter as a derived variable, it is possible to isolate the nonlinearity in the cost function of the network. The latter is linearized each time close to the solution found in the preceding iteration.     

安全工程本科的“工程型大安全”教学方案构建

“大安全”在安全科学技术教育界广为推崇。它的含义是指广泛适用于解决各个行业、各类组织安全问题的科学理论和方法。“大安全”是我国高等学校安全工程专业本科教育的基本目标之一 ,构建适当的课程教学方案是实现这一目标必需的途经。笔者围绕安全科学技术的研究对象———事故、研究内容———事故的发生发展规律、预防策略和救援方法 ,构建出一种安全工程专业本科的“大安全”课程教学方案。所构建的教学方案由通用于各行业的基础课、专业基础课和针对特定行业的专业课组成。方案中工程技术类课程占有主导地位 ,所以 ,可称为“工程型大安全”课程方案。统计分析表明 ,应用该方案所培养的学生就业面宽广 ,这种类型的课程教学方案符合市场需求     

煤与瓦斯突出一般规律定性定量分析研究

通过大量数据统计 ,定性和定量分析了煤与瓦斯突出与开采深度、巷道类型、地质构造、作业方式、突出预兆、煤层厚度等因素之间关系 ,总结出煤与瓦斯突出灾害的一般规律 ,这对提高突出矿井防突技术水平和安全管理 ,具有重要的指导意义。     

Use of a generalized linear model to evaluate range forage production estimates

Interdisciplinary teams have been used in federal land planning and in the private sector to reach consensus on the environmental impact of management. When a large data base is constructed, verifiability of the accuracy of the coded estimates and the underlying assumptions becomes a problem. A mechanism is provided by the use of a linear statistical model to evaluate production coefficients in terms of errors in coding and underlying assumptions. The technique can be used to evaluate other intuitive models depicting natural resource production in relation to prescribed variables, such as site factors or secondary succession.     

论环境规划实施的一般模式

环境规划实施是政府相关部门根据环境保护的要求,建立组织机构,分解规划目标,在有效地分配和利用人力、财力、物力以及信息资源的条件下,采取宣传、审批、检查、监测和处罚等手段,使规划目标得以实现的动态过程.其一般模式包括宣传、实施计划、实施检查、验收批准和实施效果评估.中国当前的环境规划需要在保障资金、建立信息交流和共享机制、提高公众的参与水平、人员培训和技术支持、完善行政审批和行政问责机制等方面予以加强,并应尽快建立环境规划的法规体系.     

舟山群岛港口发展有广阔前景

舟山海域位于长江水道和我国南北洋通道交汇的前沿,是我国南北海运的要冲与江海联运的枢纽,地理位置非常优越。舟山的三大优势资源“鱼、港、景”中,港的优势得天独厚拥有极为丰富的深水岩线,建设第四、五代大型集装箱泊位及其他大型深水泊位,发展潜能很大。舟山港域的发展提出了三点建议：１、充分利用区域优势,北依上海,南托宁波,定位于华东沿海重要的区域性洪口,成为长江三角洲口群体中的一个重要组成部分。２、利用岛屿     

Work domain analysis for air traffic controller weather displays

INTRODUCTION: Adverse weather conditions have a major impact on National Airspace System (NAS) operations. They create safety hazards for pilots, constrain the usable airspace for air traffic control (ATC), and reduce the overall capacity of the NAS. A system-wide dissemination of weather information to controllers could theoretically improve safety and efficiency. PROBLEM: However, it is currently unclear what weather information would be beneficial for tactical operations. Furthermore, no previous research has empirically evaluated optimal presentation designs for ATC weather displays. Ill-designed weather displays can cause safety hazards by presenting redundant information (i.e., by increasing the cognitive load) and display clutter (e.g., by interfering with the visual extraction of traffic data). METHOD: In the present paper, we outline our use of cognitive work analysis (CWA) techniques for the assessment of weather information needs for terminal controllers. RESULTS: Specifically, we describe how the CWA modeling tools helped us reveal instances in the terminal domain where weather information is lacking or insufficiently disseminated. We used our CWA results to drive the development of weather display concepts and to set up a high-fidelity simulation capability. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: By means of high-fidelity simulations, we can empirically evaluate controller weather information needs in order to propose weather displays for increased aircraft safety and efficiency of terminal operations.