我国地质矿产部门工业卫生现状

对地质矿产部门１９９１年初至１９９２年底开展的工业卫生普查工作资料进行分析，简述了职业危害人群分布、现场监测、职业病的现状及危害原因，提出了防护措施和改进意见。     

社会的安全保护与可持续发展

事故、灾害、环境、社会是一个互馈的系统 ,安全科学研究的对象不仅仅是技术安全问题 ,应从狭义的范畴转向广义的范畴。本文分析了事故树与自然灾害系统的结构 ,认为社会安全保护与可持续发展密不可分 ,并提出了建立社会安全保护体系的对策。     

渭河断陷盆地及邻区Q值分布与地震灾害关系的初步研究

本文研究了渭河断陷盆地及邻近地区介质品质因子的分布特征，探讨了其与该区域速度场、地质构造和地震灾害分布之间的关系。结果表明该区域介质品质因子分布与速度场之间存在着较好的对应关系，并与该区域的地震灾害分布密切相关。     

Global Radioactive Contamination Background in Terrestrial Ecosystems 13 Years after the Chernobyl Accident

The contents of ¹³⁷Cs in the soil, plant, and animal samples collected in the ecosystems of protected areas from the White Sea to the Black Sea in 1999 slightly differ from those in the period between 1980 and 1984. As a result of global fallout after the Chernobyl accident, the content of radioactive cesium in the soil has increased only on the territory of the Biological Station of Moscow State University at the White Sea, whereas that in the litter and plants has increased in virtually all areas studied. The isotope content in animals is actually equal to that recorded between 1980 and 1984. The mobility of ¹³⁷Cs in the soil–plant link has increased, which may be due to fallout after the accident. The duration of a complete radionuclide cycle in ecosystems decreases from 10 half-life periods in northern regions to 2.5 half-life periods in the southern regions. The Chernobyl disaster has caused no significant changes in the global radioactive background in the European part of the Russian Federation.     

Disaster in the South Paciic: Impact of tropical cyclone "Nomu" on the Solomon Islands, May 1986

Tropical Cyclone "Namu" struck the Pacific nation of the Solomon Islands during 18-20th May 1986. It was sthe most serious natural disaster in the Solomons in lining memory. Nearly a third of the total population of 267,000 were diriven from their homes and 150 people were killed, with damage estimates beginning in AUD 25 million. It has been estimated by the Solomon Islands Ministry of Economic Planning that it will take seven years for the economy to recover. This paper discusses the major events of the disaster episode by employing the Powell and Rayner model of "disaster-time." Factors relating to current disaster Planning and management within the Solomon Islands are outlined. The paper also highlights assistance provided by Australla during the Post-impact sequence and illustrates the type of general disaster preparatory support which Australia provides to South pacific.     

我国综合减灾组织管理体系和运行机制探讨

通过分析我国综合减灾管理体制和运行机制的现状,在借鉴发达国家经验的基础上,剖析了我国综合减灾管理体制和运行机制建设中存在的问题,揭示了加强灾害管理体制机制建设的重要性和必要性.并提出了构建我国综合减灾管理体制和运行机制的理论框架体系,指出构建我国综合减灾管理体制和运行机制目的就是要加强部门的协作,通过综合减灾机制的作用,统一调配分散于各部门、各单位的技术、人力、物资、装备等,整合各部门的减灾资源,实现减灾投入的最小化和减灾效果的最佳化.     

关于在教师中开展防灾培训的思考

我国自然灾害发生频繁,由于防灾教育缺乏、民众的防灾意识淡薄,导致灾害后果严重.通过对教师进行防灾培训,增强教师处置突发灾害的技能,在保护好教师的同时,才能更好的保护学生;同时可以发挥媒介宣传作用,对普遍提高全民的防灾减灾意识、增强防灾减灾的能力、最大限度地减少突发灾害带来的危害具有现实意义.     

我国旅游灾害的研究进展

本文首先选取了十几年来国内旅游灾害的相关文献.从文献的数量、研究区域的时空分布等角度行了分析,然后从旅游灾害的致灾要素、成因、预防旅游灾害的对策、旅游灾害预防与管理系统等方面进行综述.最后笔者提出了我国旅游灾害的研究展望.     

图书馆防灾减灾管理制度初探

图书馆是人们获取知识信息的公共场所,它的安全也应该引起我们的重视.本文从编制图书馆灾害应急预案、建立健全各种规章制度、加强对图书馆工作人员应对灾害能力的培训、健全各种应急设备、数字馆藏容灾制度等几个方面论述了图书馆防灾减灾的方法与手段.     

地震与生态环境

本文通过对汶川8．0等多次大地震前后气候、森林、植被等因素强烈变化的对比研究,表明地震对生态环境的严重破坏给人类、动植物等带来巨大灾害。地震灾害可能影响和破坏生态环境,而某些生态环境的改变也可能为地震预报预测研究提供重要的震兆信息。同时,重视环境保护环境是非常必要的。