Prioritization of applicable drivers for green supply chain management implementation toward sustainability in Thailand

ABSTRACT

It is essential that the green supply chain management (GSCM) implementation is effectively supported by several strategic drivers for successful implementation and sustainability, especially for the ‘green’ start-ups with a sustainability-driven organizational strategy. This study aims to determine and prioritize the applicable drivers for GSCM implementation of sustainable development strategies in the electronics industry in Thailand. The applicable drivers and their priorities are obtained by applying the fuzzy group decision-making approaches including fuzzy Delphi and fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, based on Thai experts’ perspectives. In this study, three prominent organizational theories, resource-based view, relational view, and institutional theory, are needed to explain the drivers of sustainability and to develop a hierarchical model for prioritization of the drivers. Finally, based on the findings of this study, several recommendations are made that may help to improve the sustainable development in Thailand through more effective implementation of GSCM.     

基于宏基因组技术获得的对厌氧氨氧化菌代谢的新理解

厌氧氨氧化菌(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria,AAOB)是化能自养菌,由于其生理代谢的奇异性、细胞结构的特殊性以及对氮素循环的重要性,已成为环境工程、微生物以及海洋生物学等领域的研究热点.然而,AAOB未能实现纯培养的现状已成为AAOB代谢途径研究的巨大障碍.近年来兴起的宏基因组技术(Metagenomics)为AAOB代谢途径的研究提供了新手段.采用宏基因组技术,可直接研究微生物群体中某特定微生物基因组的结构与功能,摆脱了传统微生物学研究对纯培养的依赖,使未培养微生物的认识和开发成为可能.本文首先简述获取AAOB宏基因组信息的过程,然后通过比较由传统代谢研究方法和宏基因组技术获得的AAOB代谢途径的研究成果,论述基于宏基因组技术获得的对AAOB代谢的新理解,得出以下结果和结论:1)AAOB的碳素固定途径为乙酰辅酶A途径,碳素固定的还原力来自NADH或者QH2;2)AAOB氮素转化的重要中间产物是NO,而非NH2OH,并提出了以NO为核心的AAOB代谢的改进模型;3)AAOB的ATP合成途径为氧化磷酸化,推测的电子传递途径为N2H4—QH2—细胞色素bc1复合体;细胞色素bc1复合体再将电子用于NO2-还原和N2H4合成.AAOB的宏基因组技术使AAOB代谢途径的研究更具方向性.随着分子生物学理论和技术的不断发展,宏基因组学的升级技术(如宏转录组学、宏蛋白质组学)将为AAOB代谢途径的研究提供新的方法与平台.图3表1参51     

应用水滑石实时合成分离模拟核素钕

应用水滑石实时合成的方法从高放废液中分离模拟放射性核素钕,通过酸碱滴定、单因素试验及X-射线衍射(XRD)研究确定了最佳分离条件,用红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等对合成的含钕水滑石的结构、形貌进行了分析. 结果表明:模拟放射性核素钕的最佳分离条件,初始ρ(Nd3+)为150 mg/L,pH为10,n(Mg)/［n(Al)+n(Nd)］为3,在该条件下5次平行试验钕的去除率平均值为96.40%,并且钕嵌入到了水滑石的晶格中,合成的含钕水滑石形貌大多为层状六边形;含钕水滑石煅烧产物主要为尖晶石,煅烧产物中未见氧化钕相,表明嵌入到水滑石晶格中的钕在煅烧后仍存在于尖晶石的晶体结构中.      

退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化分析

基于GIMMS NDVI3g（the third generation of Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）数据,辅以趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、Hurst指数等方法,识别了1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年黄土高原植被覆盖时空演变特征,并探讨其驱动因素。研究发现：1）1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年期间黄土高原生长季NDVI分别以0.019/10 a（P<0.01）、0.016/10 a（P<0.05）和0.057/10 a（P<0.001）的速率增加;2）除1999年以前林地外,所有植被类型的生长季NDVI均呈现显著的增加趋势,2000—2013年尤为明显;3）黄土高原生长季NDVI呈现由东南向西北递减的趋势,1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年NDVI显著上升的面积分别占74.94%、24.26%和53.34%,主要集中在黄土高原的北部和中部地区;4）研究区未来生长季NDVI呈持续性和反持续的比重分别为33.32%和66.68%,其中持续改善和由改善变为退化的面积分别占31.08%和61.88%;5）2000年以后降水增多与生长季NDVI上升相对应,大规模的生态工程建设对2000—2013年生长季NDVI增加有重要影响。     

生草栽培对三种岭南水果种植系统的生态经济影响评价

综合运用能值、经济与土壤生态学分析方法,以传统清耕模式为对照,定量研究了生草栽培对荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn)、龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour)和番荔枝(Annona squamosa Linn)三种岭南水果种植系统的生态经济影响。整合系统物质流、能量流和货币流,综合分析其自然资源基础、经济发展状况及可持续发展程度,并将土壤有机质的消耗纳入不可更新自然资源能值投入分析,为岭南水果业生草栽培与否提供科学依据。结果表明,生草栽培可以将荔枝和龙眼种植系统的能值可持续性从传统清耕模式的0.16和0.46分别提升到0.17和0.47;而使番荔枝种植系统的能值可持续性从传统清耕模式的0.59降至0.45。同时,生草栽培可提高荔枝和番荔枝种植系统的经济效益,而降低龙眼种植系统的经济效益。所有案例结果均表明,生草栽培可降低果园土壤有机质的消耗。     

基于CIS理论的绿色大学评价指标体系研究

通过研究绿色大学建设过程中出现的不足,提出构建绿色大学评价指标体系是建设绿色大学的前提。以CIS（企业识别系统）理论为依据,从理念层、行为层和物质层三个层面进行研究,构建了一个由3个一级指标12个二级指标和45个三级指标构成的绿色大学评级指标体系。最后对绿色大学的评价方法进行了简单陈述。     

Role of behavioural factors in green supply chain management implementation in Indian mining industries

Green supply chain management (GSCM) integrates ecological concepts with those of supply chain management in order to minimize energy and material usage and to reduce adverse impacts of supply chain activities on the environment. GSCM implementation in mining industries depends largely upon certain factors which are influenced by human behaviours. Human behaviour is dynamic in nature and the relationships between them continuously evolve and change. In this ever-changing context, therefore, identifying and ranking the behavioural factors that affect GSCM implementation becomes essential. This can be taken as a reference by the decision makers while deciding the hierarchy of action necessary for effective implementation of green practices in mining supply chains. The present research attempts to explore various behavioural factors affecting GCSM practices and their interactions which help to attain green-enabled needs. Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) is employed in this research to extract the interrelationships among the identified behavioural factors.     

Highly active mixed-phase TiO2 photocatalysts fabricated at low temperature and the correlation between phase composition and photocatalytic activity

The idea of varying volume ratio of water to ethanol in solvent was firstly employed to yield phase composition controllable mixedphase titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts via a low temperature solvothermal route at 353 K. It was found that anatase contents increase from 0 to 100% with increase of ethanol contents in solvent. The mixed-phase TiO2 with 60% anatase content exhibited the best photocatalytic activity in photodecomposing formaldehyde (FAD) under UV light irradiation, which increases by about ...     

奶牛粪高温堆肥保氮与除臭技术实验研究

采用高温堆肥模拟试验研究了有效微生物EM和两种调理剂稻草、蚯蚓粪在奶牛粪堆肥中保氮和除臭的效应及各自适宜的添加比例。结果表明,在高温条件下,EM、稻草和蚯蚓粪均可明显降低奶牛粪中NH3和H2S的挥发,EM各添加比例的NH3去除率为7.06%～11.80%,H2S去除率为5.30%～10.81%;稻草各添加比例的NH3去除率为11.76%～66.03%,H2S去除率为10.63%～60.28%;蚯蚓粪各添加比例的NH3去除率为10.07%～50.75%,H2S去除率为13.95%～56.78%。同时,随着添加比例的提高,有效微生物EM、稻草和蚯蚓粪对NH3和H2S的去除率增大,达到奶牛粪堆肥中最大的保氮除臭效果时,EM的添加比例为3%、稻草的添加比例为30%、蚯蚓粪的添加比例为10%。     

绿色大学建设管理的研究

对绿色校园建设的必要性从高校的优势和学校管理要求方面进行了论述。以辽宁大学为例,探讨了其进行绿色校园建设的主要内容,并提出了污染预防、实施生态工程和进行可持续发展管理的对策。