全工班呼吸性粉尘测定及防尘措施研究

针对呼吸性粉尘对矿井工人身体健康的危害,对煤矿综采工作面、综掘工作面、炮掘工作面等进行分工种个体性的全尘和呼尘监测,测定了各工作面粉尘(全尘和呼尘)的浓度、粉尘分散度和SiO2浓度。其结果表明:全工班呼吸性粉尘测定的方法更加真实可靠,更真实地反映了呼吸性粉尘对井下各操作工种的致病危害,测得的各工作面各工种的呼尘浓度均高于国家标准。通过数据的分析以及工人的建议,提出了一些新式的、有效的防尘措施来降低呼吸性粉尘对人体健康的危害。     

基于临水区域化工园区的整体安全研究

针对临水区域化工园区的生产特点及在整体安全方面存在的普遍问题,提出在临水区域化工园区内要进行合理布局,做到功能分区明确;同时需建立园区安全生产管理、监测预警及应急处置系统,主要是由固定危险源和移动危险源动态安全管理子系统、安全生产监测预警系统、突发事故应急处置平台等所组成;坚持安全监控信息化与标准化,对化工园区的整体安全性的提高将发挥巨大的作用,为建设"平安园区"打下坚实的基础。     

基于灰预测模型的大跨度预应力混凝土桥梁施工监测

运用灰色系统理论,建立大跨度预应力砼刚构-连续组合梁桥悬臂浇筑施工梁段立模标高预测的GM(1,1)模型,并用残差的GM(1,1)模型对其进行修正;同时把该预测模型应用于松原龙华松花江特大桥实际工程;其结果表明梁段立模标高预测精度较高,完全能够满足工程的需要,为同类桥梁的施工监测提供参考。     

Optimal Design of a Multi-Pollutant Air Quality Monitoring Network in a Metropolitan Region Using Kaohsiung, Taiwan as an Example

An air quality monitoring network (AQMN) usually performs the basic function of assessment of regional air quality and demonstration of compliance with ambient air quality standards in an urban area. Different pollutants, however, may present different characteristic variabilities due to their specific emission patterns, rates of diffusion, and transport and transformation behaviors. But the costs of siting in a pollutant-specific monitoring network would be higher than that for a common network with respect to several pollutants monitored simultaneously. This paper presents a survey of multi-pollutant design principles and optimal searches for siting patterns of an AQMN using both simulation and optimization models as a combined tool. While conservative, quasi-stable, and reactive pollutants are considered in the design principles, cost, coverage effectiveness, and spatial correlation characteristics are included in the multi-criteria decision making process. For illustrative purpose, a series of technical settings and two types of objectives were examined in the case study for the city of Kaohsiung in Taiwan.     

环境监测站INTRANET建设研究

研究探讨了环境监测站内部网络 (Intranet)建设方案、Web数据库开发应用方案、网站的规划方法、结构与内容 ,对其经济性、技术合理性、适用性作了阐述。     

Combining mapped and statistical data in forest ecological inventory and monitoring – supplementing an existing system

A forest ecological inventory and monitoring system combining information derived from maps and samples is proposed based on ecosystem regions (Bailey, 1994). The system extends the design of the USDA Forest Service Region 6 Inventory and Monitoring System (R6IMS) in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The key uses of the information are briefly discussed and expected results are illustrated with examples. The system is flexible, allowing regions based on ecological considerations to be modified. Sampling intensities that are affordable are likely to be insufficient to provide meaningful estimates for key parameters relating to rare and endangered species, watersheds, and other ecological units. Methods are proposed for collecting additional information in follow-up surveys and combining it with relevant information obtained in R6IMS. Near-continuous information on weather and possible pollution variables recorded by instruments at sampling sites is needed to develop meaningful models to understand what is happening in the ecoregions. R6IMS and the proposed additions constitute a dynamic system which will be modified further as data are analyzed.     

水环境监测的酶学方法

对淡水环境水质监测的酶学方法作了扼要的综述。淡水生态系统中的酶能够基本反映水体的生物活性,故能与其它经典生物性指数相参照,而酶活性的变化往往先于细胞数目的变化,故酶学监测方法更为简便和灵敏。酶的活性及其动力学特征亦可对某种特定的生物化学过程或者物质循环机制作出较为深刻精确的描述。因此,酶可望成为特殊层次上的包含综合信息且具有独特含义的监测指标。     

主动为环境监督管理服务

分析了一些县级监测站存在的只注重监测数据,缺乏主动为环境管理服务的思想,介绍了海门市则站主动为环境管理及时提供的监测数据,促进了环境监督管理。     

易贡巨型高速滑坡卫星遥感动态监测

多期卫星遥感数据与图像清晰地反映了易贡滑坡的演变及其地貌形态特征,通过专题对比解译与滑坡时程分析,重点监测和评价了滑坡堰塞湖溃决后汹涌水对下游两岸产生的重大生态破坏,结果显示,下游又新增了25个不同规模的浅层滑坡或滑落,新河床两侧新增的大面积滩地覆盖了两则的森林、草地;个别河段出现了移位改道。     

Potential fluorosis problems around Chandidongri, Madhya Pradesh, India

The area around Chandidongri (latitude 21 deg 02 prime N and longitude 80 deg 37 prime E) is covered by granitic gneisses and amphibolites of the Amgaon Group and granites and rhyolites of the Dongargarh super group. The granites which cover the major portion of the area have been intruded into by a number of dolerite and epidiorite dykes and traversed by a few N–S trending shear zones. A well-known fluorite deposit is located along the Lamtidongri–Kotnapani shear zone. Besides this deposit, the authors have located a few occurrences of fluorite along other shear zones where epidiorite dykes are in association with granites. A number of cases of fluorosis have been reported from those parts of Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh which are covered by granitic rocks and also from the eastern parts of Bhandara district which are adjacent to the area described here. The Chandidongri area is mainly covered by granitic rocks, which at places show the presence of fluorite mineralisation. Taking into consideration these facts, the authors have investigated the area to study the cases of fluorosis if any, and the impact of geology and fluorite mining on the water quality in this region. During the survey, we have not come across any cases of fluorosis in this region. The pH is more than 7 and the fluoride concentration is within the permissible limit.