论高职院校的市场定位

现代职业教育迅速发展,要想职业教育在这种形式下良好发展,就需要把他自身的特色发挥出来,作好高职教育特色化,首当其冲的就是做好高职院校的市场定位.     

农业高等职业教育成本补偿问题研究

提升农业职业教育水平和提高农业职业院校办学效益,要本着收益原则与承受能力原则相结合、公平原则与效率原则相结合、确实原则与透明度原则相结合.在对农业高等职业教育成本补偿的现状进行了较为充分的分析研究后,建议通过合理确定学费补偿标准、增加国家财政负担份额、利用贷款制、发展教育储蓄、实行订单式培养、积极拓展经费来源等途径来完善农业高等职业教育成本补偿.     

HIA and pollution prevention control: What they can learn from each other

Following the implementation of the Pollution Prevention and Control (England and Wales) Regulations on 1st August 2000, health authorities (now Primary Care Trusts) became statutory consultees for permits issued to industry by the environmental regulators (the Environmental Agency, Local Authorities). The aims of this paper are to review the process of providing public health input in the light of its similarities to and differences from HIA and to identify the opportunities for both HIA and PPC to learn from each other's practice. We emphasise the challenges that are encountered by public health professionals who provide the public health input in the PPC. We use both our own experience of providing this input on behalf of health authorities and our expertise in HIA, environmental epidemiology and contaminated land.     

100 years of high GEM concentration in the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre (Florence, Italy)

Up to 1980s, the most used preservative for herbaria specimens was HgCl₂, sublimating at ambient air conditions; ionic Hg then reduces to Hg⁰ (gaseous elemental mercury, GEM) and diffuses throughout poor ventilated environments. High GEM levels may indeed persist for decades, representing a health hazard. In this study, we present new GEM data from the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre of the University of Florence (Italy). These herbaria host one of the largest collection of plants in the world. Here, HgCl₂ was documented as plant preservative up to the 1920s. GEM surveys were conducted in July 2013 and July and December 2017, to account for temporal and seasonal variations.Herbaria show GEM concentrations well above those of external locations, with peak levels within specimen storage cabinets, exceeding 50,000?ng/m³. GEM concentrations up to ~ 7800?ng/m³ were observed where the most ancient collections are stored and no ventilation systems were active. On the contrary, lower GEM concentrations were observed at the first floor. Here, lower and more homogeneously distributed GEM concentrations were measured in 2017 than in 2013 since the air-conditioning system was updated in early 2017.GEM concentrations were similar to other herbaria worldwide and lower than Italian permissible exposure limit of 20,000?ng/m³ (8-hr working day). Our results indicate that after a century from the latest HgCl₂ treatment GEM concentrations are still high, i.e., the treatment itself is almost irreversible. Air conditioning and renewing is probably the less expensive and more effective method for GEM lowering.     

Reviewing University Community Gardens for Sustainability: taking stock,comparisons with urban community gardens and mapping research opportunities

Community gardens (CGs) in university settings are faced with challenges associated with a transient and inexperienced population of student gardeners, but they also have the potential to have a lasting impact on the food behaviours of many young people. This paper undertakes a systematic critical review of literature about University Community Gardens for Sustainability (UCGS) in order to suggest directions of future research in the emerging field research about CGs within and outside of universities. The literature shows that UCGS have similar benefits to those identified in urban CG literature; but with greater emphasis on both the educational and environmental sustainability benefits, suggesting an under-used potential of CGs in these areas. We argue that a better understanding of the particular challenges and benefits of UCGS could improve outcomes of CGs in all settings. Therefore we recommend that future should explore: (1) participant transience in CGs, thereby helping sustainability projects with large volunteer bases learn to cope with challenges this poses in order to maximise the garden’s impacts; (2) whether/how participating in CGs can contribute to changes in attitudes/behaviours with regards to sustainability and be used as a tool for Education for Sustainability in and outside of university settings and (3) failed cases of CGs to genuinely understand factors that contribute to success. By addressing these areas we can improve our understanding of how community gardening can contribute to our communities, universities and environment, and can begin to make these potential contributions a reality.     

Carbonyl compounds in dining areas, kitchens and exhaust streams in restaurants with varying cooking methods in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Eighteen carbonyl species in C₁–C₁₀ were measured in the dining areas, kitchens and exhaust streams of six different restaurant types in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan. Measured results in the dining areas show that Japanese barbecue (45.06 ppb) had the highest total carbonyl concentrations (sum of 18 compounds), followed by Chinese hotpot (38.21 ppb), Chinese stir-frying (8.99 ppb), Western fast-food (8.22 ppb), Chinese–Western mixed style (7.38 ppb), and Chinese buffet (3.08 ppb), due to their different arrangements for dining and cooking spaces and different cooking methods. On average, low carbon-containing species (C₁–C₄), e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and butyraldehyde were dominant and contributed 55.01%–94.52% of total carbonyls in the dining areas of all restaurants. Meanwhile, Chinese–Western mixed restaurants (45.48 ppb) had high total carbonyl concentrations in kitchens mainly because of its small kitchen and poor ventilation. However, high carbon-containing species (C₅–C₁₀) such as hexaldehyde, heptaldehyde and nonanaldehyde (16.62%–77.00% of total carbonyls) contributed comparatively with low carbon-containing compounds (23.01%–83.39% of total carbonyls) in kitchens. Furthermore, Chinese stir-frying (132.10 ppb), Japanese barbecue (125.62 ppb), Western fast-food (122.67 ppb), and Chinese buffet (119.96 ppb) were the four restaurant types with the highest total carbonyl concentrations in exhaust streams, indicating that stir-frying and grilling are inclined to produce polluted gases. Health risk assessments indicate that Chinese hotpot and Japanese barbecue exceeded the limits of cancer risk (10^− 6) and hazard index (= 1), mainly due to high concentrations of formaldehyde. The other four restaurants were below both limits.     

船舶修造安全工程专业人才培养模式

介绍了青岛远洋船员学院基本情况和国内船舶修造行业发展简况以及学院安全技术管理专业建立的背景,并从培养模式、课程设置、教材建设、实践教学等4个方面阐述了我院船舶安全技术管理专业的教学计划制定情况.     

新形势下煤矿安全教育研究

通过分析我国煤矿安全教育的现状以及存在的问题,提出了目前完善我国煤矿安全教育体制应采取的新举措,对提高我国煤矿安全教育水平,改善煤矿安全生产状况具有重要的意义.     

再论在《授予博士、硕士学位和培养研究生的学科、专业目录》中设立“安全科学与工程”一级学科

从社会必要性、现实可行性、学科的实践基础、学科的科学基础、学科的结构体系等方面,对在《授予博士、硕士学位和培养研究生的学科、专业目录》中设立“安全科学与工程”一级学科进行了论述,提出了“安全科学与工程”下设二级学科、专业的框架;阐述了“安全科学与工程”和其他与安全学科相关学科的关系、生源关系、与现有安全学科相关的二级学科的关系、与现有安全学科相关的二级学科的学位授予关系以及与其他学科的学缘关系。论证结论表明目前设立“安全科学与工程”一级学科,条件已经成熟。建议国务院学位委员会尽快将“安全科学与工程”单列为一级学科,并在其下设“安全科学”、“安全工程”2个二级学科、专业。     

从安全科学的本质看安全专业教育的发展趋势

笔者从安全科学的本质分析入手,剖析安全专业教育的公共性、伦理性、综合性、复合性、实践性等本质属性,指出当前我国安全专业教育存在的问题,如公共性的缺失、忽视安全伦理教育、本质安全人的失落、实践能力的降低、通识教育的滑坡等等。并提出我国安全专业教育的发展趋势:走向公共性的复位;安全本质人的重塑;在课程开设中增加安全哲学、安全教育学、安全文化学等人学课程;重视学生工程实践能力的培养,向工程实践的回归;强调学生的综合素养教育,使其加大职业的适应度,走向通识教育的归位;重视伦理道德教育,将增设工程伦理与安全伦理学课程,并在每门课程的实际教学层面融入伦理方面的教育。