天然藻类吸附重金属的研究

传统的重金属废水处理技术存在耗能高、运行成本高及存在二次污染的问题等诸多劣势;而天然海藻由于其来源广、产量大,在处理重金属废水方面存在较多的优点。介绍了藻类处理重金属离子的研究背景、现状,阐述了藻类处理重金属的优点、机理,重点介绍了海藻处理废水过程中的各种影响因素,并对海藻处理废水的应用前景进行了展望。     

浅谈环境监测实验室仪器设备的期间核查

实验室仪器设备的准确性是检测结果准确性的重要保证,按规定和要求对仪器进行期间核查,可以确保检测数据的准确可靠。结合仪器设备期间核查的实例说明期间核查是维持设备校准状态的可信度的重要手段。     

基于虚拟技术的环境监测仪器设备管理方法

利用虚拟现实、虚拟环境技术,通过人机交互方式,在现实空间之外创造另一个尽可能真实的、互动的模拟世界,使应用者可以直观、随意地观察和管理仪器设备,实现检测仪器全生命周期的运行轨迹记录和过程跟踪,凭其强大的可视性、溯源性和易操作性,较明显地提高仪器设备的利用率与管理水平。     

Impacts of converting from leaded to unleaded gasoline on ambient lead concentrations in Jakarta metropolitan area

Total suspended particulate mater （TSP） concentrations were monitored for one year from July 2000 and for one year from April 2003 in Jakarta City. Thirteen elemental TSP components, aluminum （Al）, sodium （Na）, iron （Fe）, lead （Pb）, potassium （K）, zinc （Zn）, titanium （Ti）, manganese （Mn）, bromine （Br）, copper （Cu）, chromium （Cr）, nickel （Ni）, and vanadium （V） were analyzed by a sequential X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Al, Na, Fe, K, and Pb were major components at most of the sampling locations in 2000. However, only Pb in 2003 dramatically decreased to one tenth. The phase-out of leaded gasoline began on July 1, 2001 in Jakarta City and lead content in gasoline decreased to one tenth, too. The decrease in Pb concentration was a result of the phase-out of leaded gasoline, as lead emissions mainly are exhaust gas from vehicles.     

重金属污染土壤螯合诱导植物修复研究进展

土壤重金属污染来源广泛、危害严重,已经成为环境污染治理中的热点、难点问题。重金属污染土壤螯合诱导植物修复技术是在化学修复、植物修复的基础上发展起来的,具有绿色环保、经济高效等优点,在重金属污染土壤修复领域具有很大的发展空间。本文在综合螯合诱导植物修复技术发展概况的基础上,系统介绍了螯合剂种类、螯合剂施入时间、施入方式、浓度与剂量、不同富集植物以及土壤理化性质等对重金属污染土壤修复效果的影响及国内外研究概况,综述了螯合诱导植物修复技术的作用机理及其环境风险研究进展。最后,提出了重金属污染土壤螯合诱导植物修复技术还有待深入研究的有关问题。     

典型气浮净水设备评述

文章主要从气浮设备的原理与结构、优缺点、应用情况等方面评述了加压溶气气浮设备、涡凹气浮设备、浅层气浮设备、电气浮设备、充气水力旋流器、多段环流气浮塔和旋流-充气气浮系统等气浮设备,并讨论了气浮设备的研究和应用发展趋势。     

环境监测设备管理实践与探索

结合环境监测仪器设备的特点,着重阐述了从设备分类、量值溯源、维修维护等几方面环境监测设备的常规管理方法,并对其现代化的管理进行了探索。     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal phylogenetic groups differ in affecting host plants along heavy metal levels

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF） are important components of soil microbial communities,and play important role in plant growth. However, the effects of AMF phylogenetic groups（Glomeraceae and non-Glomeraceae） on host plant under various heavy metal levels are not clear. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to compare symbiotic relationship between AMF phylogenetic groups（Glomeraceae and non-Glomeraceae） and host plant functional groups（herbs vs. trees, and non-legumes vs. legumes） at three heavy metal levels. In the meta-analysis, we calculate the effect size（ln（RR）） by taking the natural logarithm of the response ratio of inoculated to non-inoculated shoot biomass from each study. We found that the effect size of Glomeraceae increased, but the effect size of non-Glomeraceae decreased under high level of heavy metal compared to low level. According to the effect size, both Glomeraceae and non-Glomeraceae promoted host plant growth, but had different effects under various heavy metal levels. Glomeraceae provided more benefit to host plants than non-Glomeraceae did under heavy metal condition, while non-Glomeraceae provided more benefit to host plants than Glomeraceae did under no heavy metal. AMF phylogenetic groups also differed in promoting plant functional groups under various heavy metal levels.Interacting with Glomeraceae, herbs and legumes grew better than trees and non-legumes did under high heavy metal level, while trees and legumes grew better than herbs and non-legumes did under medium heavy metal level. Interacting with non-Glomeraceae, herbs and legumes grew better than trees and non-legumes did under no heavy metal. We suggested that the combination of legume with Glomeraceae could be a useful way in the remediation of heavy metal polluted environment.     

影响实验室检测结果准确性的因素分析

环境监测实验室的检测结果直接为环境管理、污染治理等环保部门提供服务,因此检测数据的准确性十分重要。本文通过对影响环境监测实验室检测结果的因素人、机、料、法、环五个方面入手,详尽地研究这五个方面对检测结果的影响。     

雷达装备复杂电磁环境适应性评价研究

目的研究雷达装备的复杂电磁环境适应性评价问题。方法首先分析雷达装备复杂电磁环境适应性的影响因素,继而构建雷达装备复杂电磁环境适应性评价指标体系和模型,最后通过实例验证模型的合理性和方法的可行性。结果雷达装备复杂电磁环境适应性评价指标包括电子对抗侦察环境适应性、电子干扰环境适应性、电子摧毁环境适应性、目标低空环境适应性和目标隐身环境适应性等5个方面。结论算例和分析结论表明,该评价体系反映了雷达装备在复杂电磁环境适应性方面的技术要求,同时,也为雷达装备在电磁环境适应能力上的建设提供了参考。