盐液浸提辅助微波再生废油脱水树脂及机制分析

对用于废油脱水的聚丙烯酸钠树脂在盐液浸提辅助微波脱附再生过程中的脱附特性和再生使用性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,盐液浸提辅助微波处理的脱附速率是普通热处理的5～6倍,且能耗更低,脱附率更高,树脂床层温升速率更快,温度峰值却更低,说明盐液浸提对微波处理具有明显辅助效果;树脂再生性能测试结果表明,盐液浸提辅助微波处理的树脂再生使用性能最好,孔结构破坏更少。分析认为,微波选择加热特性以及盐液浸提导致树脂内外渗透压降低和方向改变是盐液浸提辅助微波处理具有良好脱附效果的关键机制。     

基于散流器的盐雾箱饱和加湿技术研究

目的 提升盐雾箱饱和加湿桶湿式加热性能，保证盐雾试验过程沉降盐雾溶液浓度的稳定，进行盐雾试验箱饱和加湿桶的设计与研究。方法 对饱和加湿桶压缩空气入口和出口进行结构设计，入口采用散流器实现湿式加热，出口设置气水分离器，对出口气流进行气水分离，从而形成较为“洁净”的饱和湿空气。对饱和加湿桶进行性能测试，验证盐雾试验箱饱和加湿方法的有效性。结果 散流器可以使气流在水中形成稳定的流动，有效抑制气流直通液面的浪涌现象，避免液滴飞溅产生，并增大了压缩空气与去离子水的接触面积。供气压力为50~150 kPa时，饱和加湿桶出口气流的相对湿度在不同温度下均可达到83%~90%，且试验过程出口流道无明水喷射。结论 通过对饱和加湿桶的设计，有效提升了湿式加热的效率，并形成较为“洁净”的饱和湿空气，满足盐雾试验要求。     

某产品大气腐蚀环境因素监测与环境数据应用模式研究

目的 对某产品服役环境中的主要腐蚀环境因素进行监测，并挖掘环境数据应用模式，为该产品服役环境的腐蚀条件分析提供数据支撑。方法 根据某产品寿命期环境剖面，对库房、舱室及户外环境中温度、相对湿度、盐雾等主要环境因素进行为期3 a的监测，并从多个方面探讨这3种环境因素的应用模式。结果 针对某产品开展了主要环境因素监测，得到了其在关键服役场所的腐蚀环境数据，监测数据成功应用于该型产品服役环境严酷度分析、实验室环境试验条件设计、维修保障措施拟定等方面。结论 开展某产品关键服役环境下的腐蚀环境因素监测，可支撑该型产品的“环境符合性评估”“大气腐蚀性严酷度评估”“环境控制要求制定”以及“环境试验方法研究”。得到的环境监测数据以及应用案例可供其他类似产品服役环境监测及数据应用提供参考。     

DJB-823保护剂对典型航空电连接器腐蚀行为的影响

目的 分析DJB-823保护剂对典型铝合金电连接器的影响.方法 在实验室条件下针对未喷涂和喷涂DJB-823保护剂的典型铝合金电连接器开展对比酸性盐雾试验,以孔蚀率、腐蚀速率和接触电阻为指标参数,表征腐蚀行为规律.结果 保护剂对电连接器有明显的腐蚀防护作用,保护剂使得电连接器孔蚀率降低了24％～37％.保护剂能有效保证...     

Insight into the formation of iodinated trihalomethanes during chlorination, monochloramination, and dichloramination of iodide-containing water

In this study, the formation of iodinated trihalomethanes (I-THMs) was systematically evaluated and compared for three treatment processes - (i) chlorination, (ii) monochloramine, and (iii) dichloramination - under different pH conditions. The results demonstrated that I-THM formation decreased in the order of monochloramination > dichloramination > chlorination in acidic and neutral pH. However, the generation of I-THMs increased in the dichloramination < chlorination < monochloramination order in alkaline condition. Specifically, the formation of I-THMs increased as pH increased from 5 to 9 during chlorination and monochloramination processes, while the maximum I-THM formation occurred at pH 7 during dichloramination. The discrepancy could be mainly related to the stability of the three chlor (am) ine disinfectants at different pH conditions. Moreover, in order to gain a thorough insight into the mechanisms of I-THM formation during dichloramination, further investigation was conducted on the influencing factors of DOC concentration and Br⁻/I⁻ molar ratio. I-THM formation exhibited an increasing and then decreasing trend as the concentration of DOC increased from 1 to 7 mg-C/L, while the yield of I-THMs increased with increasing Br⁻/I⁻ molar ratio from 5:0 to 5:10. During the three processes mentioned above, similar I-THM formation results were also obtained in real water, which indicates that the excessive generation of I-THMs should be paid special attention during the disinfection of iodide-containing water.