气动分配阀在污泥干化焚烧一体化装置应用中的问题与对策

循环流化床焚烧炉旋风分离器装捕捉到的高温热灰通过特殊装置(气动分配阀)引入到污泥干化器中直接干化脱水污泥理念是中科院首先提出的,并在杭州七格污水厂100吨/天污泥干化焚烧一体化示范项目工程中实现应用,标志着国内在污泥焚烧技术处理领域又向前迈出了一步。循环热灰气动分配阀是创新的设计和发明,为了在工艺中更好应用,针对这一核心设备在污泥干化焚烧装置运行中出现的问题和改进的措施进行分析探讨。     

气相爆轰实验系统设计

设计了一套内径139 mm、总长10 m的气体、粉尘爆轰管道式反应装置,装置由试验管道系统、测试系统、辅助实验系统和控制系统4部分构成。测试系统包括高频响动态压力传感器、火焰传感器、超动态应变仪、数据采集卡、高速摄像系统等设备,以便测试可燃气体、粉尘的爆轰参数和管道的动力学响应特征参数。实验装置可用于可燃气云和粉尘的燃烧、爆炸特性以及爆轰波对结构加载作用的研究,研究成果可用于燃气输送管道的设计、校核,为安全生产保驾护航。     

气体管道中阀门内漏声发射信号特性研究

针对石化企业气体阀门内漏在线诊断问题,设计并建立气体截止阀内漏检测实验装置,根据声发射技术理论与实验相结合研究截止阀内漏特性,对比不同压差下信号参数分布规律。结果表明,阀门泄漏率与信号振幅和平均信号电平ASL均呈指数分布,与能量和均方根AERMS呈对数分布,并拟合了泄漏率与AERMS的函数关系式。因此,可以综合各对应关系对阀门是否泄漏进行检测,并利用泄漏率与AERMS的函数关系式定量估算阀门泄漏率。     

Impaired behavior and changes in some biochemical markers of bivalve (Ruditapes decussatus) due to zinc toxicity

Susceptibility and response of bivalves, the clam Ruditapes decussatus, to zinc (Zn) were studied by monitoring behavior using valve movement and some biochemical parameters. The LC₅₀ was 4.1 mg L^?1 at 7 days. Depuration of Zn from their tissues was also followed. Accumulation of Zn increased with concentration and duration of exposure. After 20 days, Zn caused impairment of valve movement as well as the antioxidant system, decreasing glutathione and protein levels and increasing the lipid peroxidation which is indicative of oxidative damage. Results suggested that behavior and biochemical parameters of clam R. decussatus were sensitive and suitable responses for assessing the effects of Zn on the aquatic ecosystems. It could be concluded that there is a time–dose–response relationship of Zn with behavior and oxidative stress of R. decussatus.     

大型石化装置安全阀安全保障综合管理体系应用研究

本文研究采用基于风险的完整性综合管理方法解决大型石化企业安A-N管理中存在的问题。阐述了建立安全阀数据库的基本原则，提出根据失效可能性和风险等级制定安全阀分类管理策略，实现分类管理，进行检验组织优化，制定安全阀失效紧急处置指南，以期形成安全阀安全保障综合管理体系，并建立包括网上报检、备阀备件统计管理、风险定量计算等功能的安全阀管理信息系统，在保障安全阀安全运行的同时，提高管理效能，降低管理成本。     

An experimental study of an LPG tank at low filling level heated by a remote wall fire

This paper describes an experimental study of 2300 L pressure vessels exposed to remote fire heating by a natural gas fuelled wall fire simulator. The tanks were filled to 15% capacity with commercial liquid propane. The flame intensity and distance were varied to study the effect of different heating levels on the tank and its lading.The fire simulator is first characterized with tests including fire thermocouples, radiative flux meters and thermal imaging. With the appropriate positioning of a target tank it is possible to get very realistic fire heat fluxes at the tank surface.Three tests were conducted with the 2300 L tanks filled to 15% capacity with propane. The tanks were positioned at three different distances from the wall fire resulting in measured average peak heat flux at the tank surfaces ranging between 24 and 43 kW m^?2. The data shows rapid rise in vapour space wall temperatures, significant temperature stratification in the vapour space, and moderate rate of pressure rise. These results provide excellent data for the validation of computer models used to predict the response of pressure vessels exposed to moderate heating from a remote fire.     

联锁控制阀及其在散料除尘中的应用

介绍一种自行设计，并已实践应用的机械联锁控制阀与电动卸料车、同步开启关闭自动控制技术。它是由控制阀、开启步进器、关闭装置等，与卸料车不可分割的相关组合而成，从而实现了散粒物料的转运卸料与通风除尘联锁同步、协调一致的工作特性。     

气箱脉冲袋式收尘器及其应用

介绍了气箱脉冲袋式收尘器的结构、特点,清灰过程分析以及不同条件下的应用实例。     

小孔板对阀门噪声的控制作用及对阀门流量控制的影响

本实验采用在阀门下游安装小孔板的方法可完全防止阀门噪声向下游传播,使下游噪声仅为小孔板小孔喷注的噪声,比阀门噪声低很多,但小孔板将影响阀门的流量控制作用,本文从理论上提出计算阀门及阀门下游加上孔板后两种情况阀门的开度与流量及驻点压降的关系的方法,特例的数值计算的结果与实验测量符合良好,该法可以可靠地用于工程设计。     

液化石油气罐车卸车作业事故——安全阀意外开启泄压原因调查

为了提高液化石油气罐车采用压缩机卸车法作业的安全性,通过对某液化石油气罐车卸车作业时其顶部安全阀意外开启泄压的事故原因进行调查,查明了导致罐车顶部安全阀意外开启泄压的直接原因是操作工人违章作业导致储罐与罐车罐体内气相液化石油气压差安全裕量严重不足所致。同时探讨了在夏季高温环境采用压缩机法对液化石油气罐车卸车作业时液化石油气罐车顶部安全阀整定值设定、液化石油气储罐与罐车罐体内气相液化石油气压差安全裕量的重要性。