S絮凝剂急性和亚慢性毒性研究

对原水处理剂Ｓ絮凝剂进行了大鼠急性毒性和９０ｄ喂养试验。Ｓ絮凝剂大鼠经口半数致死量雄性为８７１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ｂ．Ｗ．，雌性为１０９６５ｍｇ／ｋｇＢ．Ｗ．，属实际无毒类物质。９０ｄ喂试验结果表明，剂量≥０．８％，时对大鼠生长发育，血液学、生化学及病理组织学等各项指标水见有不良影响，Ｓ絮凝剂最大无作用剂量为０．８％，相当于实际作用量的１０００倍。     

The iridoid glycoside,catalpol, as a deterrent to the predatorCamponotus floridanus (Formicidae)

Summary We investigated the role of the iridoid glycoside, catalpol, as a deterrent to the predator,Camponotus floridanus. Four laboratory colonies of this ant were offered buckeye caterpillars (Junonia coenia: Nymphalidae) raised on diets with and without catalpol. The same colonies were offered sugar-water solutions containing varying concentrations of catalpol, in both no-choice and choice tests. Regardless of diet, buckeye caterpillars appeared to be morphologically protected from predation by the ants, possibly because of their large spines or tough cuticle. However, buckeyes raised on diets with catalpol had high concentrations of catalpol in their hemolymph; extracts of this high-catalpol hemolymph proved to be an effective deterrent to the ants. When starved ants were not given the choice of food items, they were more likely to consume sucrose solutions that contained 5 mg catalpol/ml or 10 mg catalpol/ml than they were to consume solutions with 20 mg catalpol/ml. When they were given a choice of sugar solution or a sugar solution containing catalpol, the ants avoided solutions with catalpol at any of these concentrations. Ant colony responses to catalpol in sucrose solutions varied considerably over time and among colonies.     

集约化农区经济发展对耕地土壤有机碳含量变化的影响

陆地生态系统土壤有机碳储量变化是全球气候变化研究的重要方面,而耕地土壤有机碳含量是当中最活跃的部分,与人类利用行为以及社会经济发展水平相联系。文章选取黄淮海平原的北京市大兴区、河北省曲周县和黄土高原的山西省兴县的446个耕作层土壤20世纪80年代和2000年的有机碳含量数据和当地的社会经济、投入产出资料,结果表明:20年来,不同区域耕地土壤有机碳含量存在空间变异,但是其空间分布格局并未发生变化;对土地的集约利用并未造成土壤有机碳含量的降低,相反,各区域土壤有机碳含量普遍增加。结合相应的农户调查和统计资料,发现区域经济发展强烈地影响着土壤有机碳储量发生变化。无论自然条件优劣,还是经济发展水平处于何种阶段,经济的发展都能够促使农户增加对土地的投入,经济发达地区有充足的资金和市场保障,通过农业结构调整会增加对土地的投入;经济落后地区追求作物高产,促使土地投入也不断增加;使得作物经济产量和生物产量获得提高,促使耕地土壤有机碳含量增加。     

Adjustment costs from environmental change

The paper is concerned with the case whereby the distribution of a firm's productivity shocks changes without the knowledge of the firm. Over time the firm learns about the nature and extent of the change in the distribution of the shock and adjusts, incurring adjustment costs in the process. The long-run loss in profits (±) due to the shift in the distribution we term the equilibrium response. The transitory loss in profits, incurred while the firm is learning about the distribution shift, is termed the adjustment cost. The theory is then applied to the problem of measuring adjustment costs in the face of imperfectly observed climate change in agriculture. The empirical part of the paper involves estimating a restricted profit function for agricultural land in a five-state region of the Midwest US as a function of prices, land characteristics, actual weather realizations and expected weather. We then simulate the effect of an unobserved climate shock, where learning about the climate shock is by observing the weather and updating prior knowledge using Bayes Rule. We find adjustment costs to climate change are 1.4% of annual land rents.     

战略环境影响评价与项目环境影响评价之比较

从单个项目环境影响评价(简称EIA)的局限性出发,论述了战略环境影响评价(简称SEA)产生的原因、概念及发展现状,通过SEA与EIA的比较,说明SEA区别于EIA的特点,指出开展SEA研究的重要意义。     

GY-IB光纤液位计试验与应用

叙述了GY-IB光纤液位计的工作原理,介绍了人工检测和计量测试研究所的测试情况,分析了该光纤液位计存在的不足和推广应用前景.     

Changes in quality of groundwater with seasonal fluctuations: an example from Ghor Safi area, southern Dead Sea coastal aquifers, Jordan

Introduction The alluvial fan along the eastern and southern m argins of the D ead Sea (hereafter denoted D S) consists of fine to coarse-grained siliclastic sand and pebble-size gravel w ith thin intercalations of lam inated m arl of H olocene age (Pow e…     

江苏新沂市越流含水层的地下水资源评价

中国利用越流含水层作为城市供水水源地的实例并不多见。本文根据实际开采资料,利用伽略金（Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ）有限元法计算当补给层水头变化时越流含水层的地下水资源,并提出水位预测的方法。还利用补给层的水量平衡评价越流含水层开采量的保证程度,预测了新水源地投产后对老水源地的影响。本文对于正确认识越流含水层的地下水资源特性及其在城市供水中的意义有重要参考价值。     

辽东湾海冰漂移的动力要素分析

利用辽东海JZ20－2海域冰期气象、水文和海冰的实测资料和海冰数值模拟结果，对海冰漂移过程中风和流的拖曳力、海冰内力、科氏力和海面倾斜力要素的基本特征进行了分析；采用海冰热力－动力模式对1999年2月3日6：50至2月5日6：50间辽东湾海冰进行了48h数值模拟，对并JZ20-2海域的海冰动力要素进行了对比分析。发现海冰内力、风和流的拖曳力为同一量级，海面倾斜力和科氏力明显较小，其均值的比例关系依次为14．7：18．8：32．6：1．5：1．0；海冰各动力要素相互影响，共同决定了海冰的漂移速度和运动轨迹。