淀山湖浮游藻类增长的氮磷限制性营养研究

2009年1月至12月对淀山湖浮游藻类生物量及主要营养元素N、P含量进行了监测,并利用藻类增长的生物学评价（NEB）方法对浮游藻类增长的限制性营养元素进行了研究,采用双变量相关性分析了水体中N、P含量与浮游藻类生物量的相关性.结果表明,磷含量与藻类生物量有显著的正相关（Rmax=0.980）,添加磷能明显促进藻类生物量...     

秦岭中段撂荒地植被恢复过程中土壤微生物代谢特征

明确撂荒地植被恢复过程中土壤微生物养分限制特征及其驱动机制对揭示土壤养分循环和维持生态系统稳定具有重要意义.以秦岭中段不同年限撂荒地为研究对象,通过测定土壤理化性质、5种胞外酶活性[β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶(BG)、纤维二糖水解酶(CBH)、β-1,4-N-乙酰基氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)和酸性磷...     

Studying ecological communities from a neutral standpoint: A review of models’ structure and parameter estimation

Neutral models provide an alternative to niche-based assembly rules of ecological communities by assuming that communities’ properties are shaped by the stochastic interplay between ecological drift, migration and speciation. The recent and ongoing interest about neutral assumptions has produced many developments on the theoretical side, with nevertheless limited echoes in terms of analyses of real-world data. The present review paper aims to help bridge the widening gap between modellers and field ecologists through two objectives. First, to provide a multi-criteria typology of the main neutral models, including those from population genetics that have not yet been transposed to ecology, by considering how the fundamental processes of ecological drift, speciation and migration are modelled and, specifically, how space is taken into account. Second, to review methods recently proposed to estimate models parameters from field data, a point that should be mastered to allow for broader applications.     

移动电话的电磁辐射对人体伤害及其预防措施的探讨

随着移动电话的迅速普及 ,由其产生的电磁辐射对人体健康的影响已成为人们关心的热门话题。笔者就移动电话的电磁辐射对人体的伤害及其有关预防措施进行探讨。旨在提醒人们正确使用手机 ,尽量减少手机辐射对人体健康的影响 ,起到宣传教育和指导作用     

曝气生物滤池内的自养反硝化作用

采用多孔介质——火山岩为载体的上向流曝气生物滤池(BAF),研究了限制供氧条件下,无有机碳源时反应器的硝化反硝化特性.结果表明,在 10～30℃范围内,20℃为临界点,低于20℃时,硝化速率缓慢;高于 20℃后,硝化速率加快.温度从 20℃升高到 30℃,硝化速率增长仅为10%,这一特性与悬浮生长反应器内温度对硝化速率的影响完全不同.此外,稳定运行的 BAF 内存在大量氮流失现象,分析认为,限制供氧和无有机碳源时,生物膜内发生了以 Anammox反应为主的自养反硝化作用,大量的氮以 N₂的形式流失.     

原沈阳冶炼厂主厂区土壤污染现状评价及污染治理措施

在对原沈阳冶炼厂主厂区土壤污染现状评价的基础上,提出了土壤重金属污染治理措施。     

Importance of Sediment–Water Interactions in Coeur d’Alene Lake,Idaho, USA: Management Implications

A field study at Coeur dAlene Lake, Idaho, USA, was conducted between October 1998 and August 2001 to examine the potential importance of sediment–water interactions on contaminant transport and to provide the first direct measurements of the benthic flux of dissolved solutes of environmental concern in this lake. Because of potential ecological effects, dissolved zinc and orthophosphate were the solutes of primary interest. Results from deployments of an in situ flux chamber indicated that benthic fluxes of dissolved Zn and orthophosphate were comparable in magnitude to riverine inputs. Tracer analyses and benthic-community metrics provided evidence that solute benthic flux were diffusion-controlled at the flux-chamber deployment sites. That is, effects of biomixing (or bioturbation) and ground-water interactions did not strongly influence benthic flux. Remediation efforts in the river might not produce desired water-quality effects in the lake because imposed shifts in concentration gradients near the sediment–water interface would generate a benthic feedback response. Therefore, development of water-quality models to justify remediation strategies requires consideration of contaminant flux between the water column and underlying sediment in basins that have been affected by long-term (decadal) anthropogenic activities.     

淀山湖浮游植物营养限制因子的研究

通过藻类增长的生物学评价(Nutrient Enrichment Bioassay)研究淀山湖浮游植物生长限制性因子,并采用析因方差分析和事后比较方法分析营养盐（PO^3-₄P、NH₃N、NO^-₃N）对浮游植物生长速度、平均最大现存量和平均最大特定增长率的影响。研究表明：磷对浮游植物生长有明显的促进作用,能提高浮游植物的生长速度和现存量,且促进作用随磷浓度（0.13～0.53 mg/L）的增加而加强,磷是淀山湖浮游植物增长的第一限制性因子;低浓度硝氮（2.91～5.91 mg/L）对浮游植物生长有微小的促进作用,但高浓度（5.91～8.91 mg/L）的硝氮表现出抑制作用;氨氮对浮游植物生长有抑制作用,并随浓度（1.25～7.25 mg/L）的增加而增大;添加磷+硝氮能明显促进浮游植物生长,磷与硝氮之间存在一定的交互作用.     

在中国发展环境会计的局限性分析

建立和发展环境会计是中国贯彻可持续发展战略的必然选择和重要保障.环境会计产生并形成于西方国家,目前中国尚未形成适合中国国情的环境会计体系,环境会计的研究在中国仍处于理论探讨阶段,无法在实践中运用.环境会计研究需要在引进西方国家研究成果的基础上不断的自我创新,自我完善.因此应该结合中国的国情和环境会计的学科特点,从环境会计产生的理论基础,传统会计的局限性,企业对环境责任履行不足三个方面分析环境会计在中国的发展创新受到限制的原因.只有正视这些阻碍环境会计在中国发展的局限性,环境会计才能在理论上进一步完善,在实践中真正运用.     

创建绿色学校的实践探析

环境保护，教育为本．该文回顾、总结了广州市近年来创建绿色学校的经验和体会，提出今后深入开展这一活动的若干措施。