从“9·15”人身伤亡事故谈石化企业的承包商管理

对"9·15"承包商人身伤亡事故原因进行了分析,指出了加强承包商管理的必要性,提出了加强承包商管理的建议和措施。     

环保消防联动处置石化企业及园区突发环境事件分析研究

根据中国在处置石化企业及园区突发环境事件的现状,明确了消防部门在现场处置中的先锋、基础和保证的重要作用。经过分析石化行业所存在的火灾、爆炸和环境的风险,提出了在抢险救灾中的选择环保泡沫、采取控而不灭措施、妥善处理泄漏物和消防污水等要求。指出当前环保和消防部门应建立预案、信息、技术、出警等方面应急联动的机制,并在现场处置中强化防护与协同、调查与询情、监测与侦检、警戒与警示、救生与救护、控险与输转、关阀与堵漏、洗消与清理等具体联动措施。     

Research on three-dimensional visualization system of Natech events triggered domino accidents in oil-gas depots

Natech events and domino accidents happen worldwide and usually lead to severe consequences, especially in hazardous areas such as Oil-Gas depots. With the continuous development of the Oil-Gas industry and information technology, it is essential to realize the three-dimensional management and monitoring of hazardous substances. To evaluate the consequences caused by Natech events triggered domino accidents (accident chain), a matrix loop method was proposed to calculate the probability and evolution path of the accident chain. The actual layout and the real-time data of the Oil-Gas depot are input into the evaluation method in matrices, thus making the results reliable and updated. Besides, a B/S architecture system is developed to present the evaluation consequences of the proposed method. The three-dimensional visualization effects of natural disasters, technological accidents and the dynamic propagation process of the accident chain are also realized in the system to enhance the user's experience. A system application regarding lightning-triggered domino accidents was carried out to demonstrate the feasibility and rapidity of the proposed evaluation method and perform the system's operation process and visualization effects. The application results show that the system can provide effective decision-making assistance to safety management workers before the accident and guidance for emergency rescue operations during the accident.     

铅污染事故生态环境损失评估——以台州铅蓄电池企业为例

国内铅污染事故频繁发生,造成了严重的生态环境污染和人体健康损害。通过采用市场价值法、人力资本法和恢复费用法,对铅污染的生态环境损失进行了全面评估。以台州典型的铅蓄电池企业为例进行研究,铅污染总损失为121．83万元,其中土壤修复及监测费用占77.1％;人体健康损失占18．9％;农作物种植损失占4．0％。     

基于灰色关联分析的LNG接收终端人因事故辨识方法

陆岸LNG接收终端是LNG海上进口系统中的重要设施。针对我国LNG接收终端人因事故不断增多的现状，基于航空事故调查分析中的HFACS事故致因分析模型，将人因事故的影响因素归纳为个人因素、人际因素、环境因素、监督因素和组织因素五大类，结合灰色理论中的灰色关联分析，得到了LNG接收终端人因事故辨识方法。最后，运用该方法对某LNG接收终端人因事故进行辨识，通过灰关联度的计算，找出其最主要的不安全事件来自“个人因素”中的个人“安全意识不强”。此方法克服了小样本事故数据带来的弊端，对保障LNG接收终端的安全运行具有一定的指导意义。     

Survey-based analysis on the diffusion of evacuation advisory warnings during regional evacuations for accidents that release toxic vapors: A case study

This paper analyzes the diffusion of evacuation advisory warnings during regional evacuations for accidents that release toxic vapors. Investigations results on the propagation of evacuation advisory warnings in the ‘4.16’ chlorine release and the explosion accident at Chongqing Tianyuan Chemical Factory in China, and a comparison analysis of the evacuation notification process of six typical leakage accidents are presented in this paper. After conducting the evacuation notification investigation on the ‘4.16’ accident, in which 401 valid questionnaires were collected from people who should have evacuated during the accident, the methods and channels of the evacuation notification, the notification efficiency, and the actual response efficiency of the recipients after the issuing of the evacuation advisory warnings were analyzed. A comparison analysis of the evacuation notification process is performed by analyzing six typical leakage accidents, and basic principles of evacuation notification for a regional evacuation for toxic vapor release accidents are proposed.     

皮带运输机伤害事故的预防探讨

分析了冶金企业皮带运输机在生产中发生人身伤害事故的原因，探讨了事故发生的规律，从管理、技术等方面提出了防范措施。     

市政污水处理厂事故水池设计及配套应急响应措施

与普通工矿企业的污水处理系统相比,市政污水处理系统规模大、源头广,其配套的事故水池不仅容积大,投资高,而且控制难。本文从动态管理角度,提出了一种市政污水处理厂事故水池的设计方法以及配套应急响应措施,既能有效发挥事故水池的作用,遏制环境事故,又能减少事故水池容积,节省占地与投资。     

重、特大煤矿事故的时间规律

针对1970年以来1400多起重、特大煤矿事故,应用统计分析方法,探讨了煤矿重、特大事故的时间规律以及不同事故类型与死亡人数之间的关系,发现重、特大煤矿事故与月份、每天不同时间段等有一定相关.每年11、4、3、5、6等月份重、特大事故较多,2月份事故次数最少(Asymp Sig=0.018),时间上重、特大事故高峰时段主要集中在9:00-13:00(Asymp Sig=0.000).自70年代以来单次事故死亡人数没有明显减少,不同事故类型与死亡人数有明显不同(Asymp Sig=0.000),瓦斯事故、煤尘事故、火灾、水灾、煤与瓦斯突出等单次影响较大,事故的时间规律在日期上显现不明显(Asymp Sig=0.262).预防重、特大事故应尤其注意相应的时间段和相应的事故类型.     

安全生产隐患排查治理工作研究

本文对安全生产隐患排查治理专项行动开展以来的成效及问题进行研究，探讨通过采取建章立制、落实责任、注重科学、讲求实效等措施，建立完善安全生产隐患排查治理工作的体制、机制，使安全生产隐患排查治理工作进一步制度化、规范化、经常化，有效遏制重特大事故的发生，促进安全生产状况持续稳定好转。