水源水生物处理工艺启动中氨氮的去除

通过沉淀槽与生化槽串联的试验系统，分析了微污染水源水生物接触氧化处理工艺启动过程氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的变化规律。研究结果表明，在无暴气条件下和曝气条件下，填料上硝酸盐细菌的生长均依赖于亚硝酸盐细菌转化氨氮为亚硝酸盐氮的过程。启动中氨氮去除效果趋于稳定的过程是两类硝化细菌在生长速率和转化能力上趋于稳定的过程。提供生化槽充足的曝光气量是保证填料上硝化细菌稳定生长，顺利完全启动过程的必要条件。     

单扫描极谱法同时测定环境水样中微量硝酸根和亚硝酸根

在浓硫酸介质中 ,8-羟基喹啉与硝酸根的硝化产物在 p H9.0左右的 NH3-NH4Cl的缓冲溶液中 ,于 -0 .6 3V处产生灵敏的导数波 ,波高与硝酸根浓度在 0 .0 1～ 2 .5μg· m l- 1 范围呈线性关系 ,检测限为 0 .0 0 4μg· ml- 1 。测定相对标准偏差小于 2 .7% ,样品加标回收率为 96 .0 %～ 10 4.2 % ,亚硝酸根经 H2 O2 氧化处理亦可进行测定。本法可用于地表水、雨水中微量硝酸根、亚硝酸根的同时测定     

Visual determination of nitrite and nitrate in waters by color band formation method

A spot test for aqueous nitrate and nitrite for controlling nitrogen removal performance in small-scale wastewater treatment facilities is proposed. In this method, NO(2)(-) ion in water samples was allowed to react with sulfanilic acid and 1-naphthol to form an anionic azo dye. The resulting colored solution was introduced onto a mini column (similar to a gas detecting tube) packed with PVC particles coated with benzyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (BCDMA) and biphenyl. The NO(2)(-)-N concentration was determined visually by measuring the color band length (CBL) in the column. The CBL correlates linearly with nitrite concentration in the 4-20 mg-N l(-1) range. The concentration of nitrite+nitrate was determined after reduction to nitrite with zinc. The concentration of NO(3)(-)-N species was calculated by difference. This method was used to visually determine the concentrations of NO(2)(-)-N and (NO(2)(-)+NO(3)(-))-N in domestic wastewater samples with maximum suspended solid (SS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations of 114 mg l(-1) and 73.9 mg l(-1), respectively.     

A kinetic study of phenol nitration and nitrosation with nitrous acid in the dark

We studied the transformation of phenol in the presence of nitrous acid in the dark. The main detected intermediates were 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol and 4-nitrosophenol. For the first time a kinetic analysis of the reaction in a pH interval relevant to environmental chemistry has been carried out. The kinetic data are consistent with phenol transformation being initiated by HNO₂. The results are relevant to the chemistry of the atmosphere, where HNO₂ forms upon heterogeneous conversion of ^·NO₂, and to water treatment techniques.     

焦化废水厌氧氨氧化污泥培养影响因素的研究

针对煤化行业高含氮焦化污水,采用厌氧氨氧化工艺进行脱氮污泥培养、驯化,对可能制约厌氧氨氧化菌生长的因素进行研究分析。结果发现:得出适宜于厌氧氨氧化污泥培养的水力停留时间、温度、p H及为保持污泥活性要求限制反应器进水氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的最大负荷值。