Living with nuclear power: Sense of place,proximity, and risk perceptions in local host communities

Previous research notes that sense of place may intensify, and that levels of public risk perception may decrease with proximity to an established hazardous or stigmatised site. In addition, the literature suggests that sense of place may act either to mediate or moderate community perceptions of risk in such localities. This study comprised a major household survey (n = 1326) and an interview study (n = 39) and was conducted close to the nuclear power stations at Oldbury and Hinkley Point, both in the UK. It investigated the roles of perceptions of place and hazard proximity in considering (a) perceptions of risk and (b) public attitudes towards the building of a new nuclear power station in the nearby area. In addition, a novel scale was developed to measure the perceived contribution of the nearby nuclear power station to sense of place. The results suggest first, that sense of place mediates (but does not moderate) perceptions of risk in very proximate communities, and second, that public attitudes to new build in communities situated very close to established nuclear sites may be largely dependent on the extent to which the existing facility is perceived to contribute towards sense of place. The implications of these results for existing theory are discussed.     

Suppression of estrogenic activity of 17-beta-estradiol by beta-cyclodextrin

The suppressive effects of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the strong estrogenic activity of 17β-estradiol (E2) in water environments were investigated in this study. Cyclodextrins are doughnut-shaped molecules that possess a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic exterior. The cavity can incorporate nonpolar molecules as guests to form inclusion complexes. β-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) were the most successful in forming a complex with E2 and improving its low aqueous solubility. The E2/CDs complexes bound to the estrogen receptor in a cell-free system as determined by ELISA and suppressed the hormone activities as measured by a yeast two-hybrid assay. These results indicate that hydrophobic E2 is easily transported through the lipid zone of the plasma membrane into the target cell and can bind to the nuclear receptor. However, the hydrophilic E2/β-CD and E2/HP-β-CD complexes do not penetrate the membrane. Therefore, these CDs are able to suppress the hormone activity of E2 through complex formation.     

日本工伤事故瞒报问题的原因及对策分析

从经济全球化引发的雇用形态的变化入手,分析日本工伤事故瞒报问题的原因;针对已有的事故瞒报手法及危害,介绍对其防范、发现和处治的主要措施;通过对比分析中日两国事故瞒报防范工作的特点,提出更有利于事故控制预防、更有效地解决我国工伤事故瞒报问题的重要思路,即:在加大对事故瞒报单位的惩治力度、提高其违法成本的同时,还应建立针对依法报告事故单位的不惩罚机制或制定降低依法报告事故后的被处罚成本方面的规定;在行政责任追究和领导绩效考核时,不仅仅以事故后果或事故多少而是以其在强化安全管理方面"作为"与否为更重要的根据来进行。     

关于淮安市饮用水源地污染应急监测的思

回顾分析了淮安市饮用水源地污染事件的应急监测和处置方法,总结了应急监测及处置工作的经验教训和启示,对更好地驾驭今后可能发生的各种复杂的环境事件提供了帮助。     

核电站温排水卫星遥感监测应用研究

选取我国 HJ－1 B卫星红外相机为遥感数据源,在介绍了温排水卫星遥感监测的技术流程和基本原理之后,重点论述了海表温度反演的算法和基准温度提取的基本原则。以2013年1月17日大亚湾核电站和2013年5月22日田湾核电站2景 HJ－1 B红外相机数据为应用实例,说明了卫星遥感监测可作为开展核电站温排水影响监测与热污染评价的首选技术方向和主要监测手段,阐述了其在核电站温排水影响后评估中的作用和意义。     

乌鲁木齐市环境应急监测体系存在的问题及对策

乌鲁木齐市已发生多起突发性环境污染事故,虽然环境监测部门在为政府和上级主管部门提供公正、科学和规范的技术支持方面发挥了不可替代的作用,但受经验、资金和技术等方面的制约,当前应急监测体系还存在着监测预案不完善、设备配置偏低、信息化程度和技术含量不高等突出问题。为着力解决这些问题,应完善具体的环境风险源污染事故应急监测预案,建立基于GIS平台的环境应急信息系统,增加现场及实验室仪器配置,并通过完善培训考核程序和系统化演练程序来加强应急监测队伍建设。     

我国辐射环境监测法规体系研究

通过对我国辐射环境监测相关法规的调研,在深入分析当前辐射环境监测法规框架结构和突出问题的基础上,构建我国辐射环境监测法规体系,重点关注辐射环境质量监测、核与辐射监督性监测及应急监测等方面的工作需求,提出完善部门规章、健全核安全导则及规范性文件的建议。     

云南山区公路事故多发路段安全对策措施研究

分析云南山区公路严峻的交通形势,及山区公路交通事故的特征、事故形态及影响因素,研究山区公路交通事故发生的机理。从人、车、路和环境等方面分析事故产生的原因,提出针对云南山区事故多发路段安全对策措施。分析表明,在云南山区,路况、人员安全素质、车辆性能、安全管理均处于较低水平,是重大事故多发的根本原因。提高系统安全性,实现系统功能最强,应使系统各要素相互匹配,以实现本质安全。     

核废物的来源、特性与分类原则的研讨

本文阐述了核废物的产生，特性和环境影响；对核废物的分类，处理和处置原则进行了讨论。     

我国道路交通安全的国际比较研究

我国的道路交通事故是严重的。在对我国道路交通事故特点进行比较研究的基础上，分析了道路交通事故多发的原因，提出了提高道路交通系统安全性的建议。