水热氧化技术研究的进展

叙述水热氧化法的基本原理和研究进展，并重点介绍在高浓度乳化废水、含酚废水、含油污水和废碱液的处理中，最新试验研究以及它的优缺点和发展前景。     

Enhanced simultaneous absorption of NOx and SO2 in oxidation-reduction-absorption process with a compounded system based on Na2SO3

Oxidation of sulfite and competitive absorption existed in Na₂SO₃ solution for simultaneous removal of NO_x and SO₂, inhibited the long-term high-efficiency when used for practical applications. A matching strategy was developed to solve these problems. Antioxidants combination was used to retard the oxidation of antioxidant and enhance inhibition of S（IV）(tetravalent sulfur) oxidation. Hydroquinone（HQ） and sodium thiosulfate（ST） showed a positive syner...     

超临界锅炉过（再）热器氧化皮剥落分析

目前,我国新投产的火力发电机组容量大、参数高,超,瞄界和超超,瞄界机组已经成为我国的主力发电机组。随着机组参数的提高,锅炉过（再）热器管蒸汽侧氧化成为影响发电机组安全经济运行的主要因素之一。本文研究了超临界电站锅炉过（再）热器管氧化皮的形成原理和规律,分析了氧化皮的剥落模式及机理,探讨了氧化皮剥落的影响因素,并提出了控制氧化皮形成和剥落的对策,研究结果可对电厂氧化皮剥落问题提供指导作用。     

O_3氧化处理苯胺、硝基苯废水的试验研究

利用Ｏ_３处理含苯胺、硝基苯有机废水，反应速度快、效果好这一特点使苯胺和硝基苯的去除率分别达到９５％和９９％，处理后废水可达标排放。     

微动力接触氧化法处理军营生活污水示范研究

将改变传统的机械充氧方式,通过增加水体与空气的接触面积,延长接触时间,进行自然充氧应用于微动力接触氧化法处理生活污水上。重点研究跌水曝气与接触氧化的耦合关系、停留时间与曝气量的耦合关系,形成跌水曝气接触氧化微动力分散式污水处理技术,研究微动力接触氧化挂膜规律和快速挂膜方法。并通过对技术参数的优化,在达到溶氧要求的同时,简化设计,提高其与后续工艺的对接性,降低工艺难度。     

水体中阿特拉津去除技术研究进展

在阐述了阿特拉津的污染现状和危害基础上,探讨了国内外常规生物处理技术及深度处理:膜处理、高级氧化、催化还原、吸附等技术对阿特拉津的去除研究进展,并总结对比了各种处理技术的优缺点。     

Oxidation of antimony (III) in soil by manganese (IV) oxide using X-ray absorption fine structure

The oxidation of antimony (III) in soils was studied using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra. An andosol soil sample and artificial soil samples (SiO₂ blended with iron (III) hydroxide and manganese (IV) oxide) were used herein. After adding antimony (III) oxide to all soil samples, the oxidation process was observed by recording the XAFS spectra of Sb K-edge, Fe K-edge, and Mn K-edge. The results indicated that manganese (IV) oxide played an important role in the oxidation of Sb(III); however iron (III) hydroxide was not directly related to the reaction. During a 2-hr continuous Sb K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurement with an interval of 1 min of one of the artificial soil samples (SiO₂ + MnO₂ + Sb₂O₃), a pseudo-first-order reaction was determined with an average estimated rate of 0.52 ± 0.04 hr^? 1. Compared to the lower oxidation rate of andosol, it is suggested that because of the low concentration of Mn(IV) in natural soils, the oxidation process of Sb(III) might be relatively slow and require more time to convert Sb(III) to Sb(V).     

不同自燃倾向性煤自燃氧化特性试验研究

为了研究不同自燃倾向性煤自燃特性变化规律,利用煤氧化动力学测定系统,测试了三种不同自燃性煤的氧化特征。结果表明:(1)单一气体生成量、耗氧量及耗氧速率均随着煤自燃性的增强而增大,且CO生成量和耗氧速率急剧上升的拐点温度与出现C_2H_4气体的温度相同。(2)CO、CO_2和C_2H_4产生率具有明显的阶段性,且前两种气体最大产生率所对应的温度相同;当不同自燃性煤的温度超过80℃时,两组指标CO/ΔO_2和CO/CO_2均迅速增大,表明其氧化反应加快。(3)在TG-DSC试验中,煤的氧化燃烧过程可分为5个阶段,对应于4种特征温度。其中过渡稳定阶段指煤的质量保持稳定,是失重到增重的过渡态,且不同自燃性煤每个阶段持续时间及阶段性特征温度存在显著差异。     

Characterization of changes in extracellular polymeric substances and heavy metal speciation of waste activated sludge during typical oxidation solubilization processes

Biopolymer solubilization is considered to be the rate-limiting stage of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge(WAS). Oxidation processes have been proven to be effective in disrupting sludge flocs and causing solubilization of the solid biopolymers. In this study,WAS was treated by NaNO2 or H2 O2 oxidation at p H of 2. The changes in extracellular polymeric substances properties and the speciation of heavy metals were investigated. The results revealed that both NaNO2 and H2 O2 treatments were effective in solubilizing organics in WAS, while the conversion of biopolymers in the two treatment processes was different. Free nitrous acid destroyed the gel network structure of EPS, and organic materials were released from the solid phase to the supernatant. Indigenous peroxidase catalyzed H2 O2 to produce hydroxyl radicals which caused significant solubilization of biopolymers, and the protein-like substances were further degraded into micro-molecule polypeptides or amino acids at high dosages of H2 O2. During the oxidation processes, Zn, Cd and Cu, with excellent mobility, tended to migrate to the supernatant, and thus were easy to remove through the liquid–solid separation process. Ni and As showed moderate migration ability, of which the residual fraction tended to transform into reducible and soluble fractions. With poor mobility, Cr and Pb mainly existed in the forms of residual and oxidizable fractions, which were difficult to dissolve and remove from WAS. Both NaNO2 and H2 O2 treatment resulted in the enhancement of sludge solubilization efficiency and heavy metal mobility in WAS, but different heavy metals showed distinct migration and transformation behaviors.     

Atmospheric photochemistry and secondary aerosol formation of urban air in Lyon, France

Photochemical aging of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere is an important source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). To evaluate the formation potential of SOA at an urban site in Lyon (France), an outdoor experiment using a Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM) oxidation flow reactor (OFR) was conducted throughout entire days during January-February 2017. Diurnal variation of SOA formations and their correlation with OH radical exposure (OHexp), ambient pollutants (VOCs and particulate matters, PM), Relative Humidity (RH), and temperature were explored in this study. Ambient urban air was exposed to high concentration of OH radicals with OHexp in range of (0.2–1.2)×10¹² molecule/(cm³?sec), corresponding to several days to weeks of equivalent atmospheric photochemical aging. The results informed that urban air at Lyon has high potency to contribute to SOA, and these SOA productions were favored from OH radical photochemical oxidation rather than via ozonolysis. Maximum SOA formation (36 µg/m³) was obtained at OHexp of about 7.4 × 10¹¹molecule/(cm³?sec), equivalent to approximately 5 days of atmospheric oxidation. The correlation between SOA formation and ambient environment conditions (RH & temperature, VOCs and PM) was observed. It was the first time to estimate SOA formation potential from ambient air over a long period in urban environment of Lyon.