起重机械安全保护控制装置的可靠性和有效性探讨

从设计、制造、安装、使用及安全技术检验等过程 ,探讨了提高起重机械安全保护控制装置的可靠性和有效性的途径 ,指出了起重机械安全保护控制装置的发展趋势 ,提出了引进国外技术应注意的问题     

模糊PID在湿法脱硫pH控制中的应用

针对湿法脱硫pH值变化过程的非线性和滞后性等特点,采用模糊PID控制方案,在线整定PID参数Kp、K1、KD,仿真后的理论分析表明,系统的动、静态特性比传统PID控制有很大的提高。     

Industrial experience of process identification and set-point decision algorithm in a full-scale treatment plant

This paper presents industrial experience of process identification, monitoring, and control in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. The objectives of this study were (1) to apply and compare different process-identification methods of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) autotuning for stable dissolved oxygen (DO) control, (2) to implement a process monitoring method that estimates the respiration rate simultaneously during the process-identification step, and (3) to propose a simple set-point decision algorithm for determining the appropriate set point of the DO controller for optimal operation of the aeration basin. The proposed method was evaluated in the industrial wastewater treatment facility of an iron- and steel-making plant. Among the process-identification methods, the control signal of the controller's set-point change was best for identifying low-frequency information and enhancing the robustness to low-frequency disturbances. Combined automatic control and set-point decision method reduced the total electricity consumption by 5% and the electricity cost by 15% compared to the fixed gain PID controller, when considering only the surface aerators. Moreover, as a result of improved control performance, the fluctuation of effluent quality decreased and overall effluent water quality was better.     

我国道路交通信号控制机认证框架体系探讨

针对目前我国道路交通信号控制机产品存在的质量问题,对信号机生产企业进行深入调研,详细分析信号机发展现状、国内外产品认证制度及信号机强制检测制度等,并结合我国交通信号机产品自身的特点和实际,参考国外产品认证模式、认证流程,提出我国信号机产品以型式试验、初始工厂检查和获证后监督为模式的认证框架体系。信号机产品质量认证框架体系的建立,对提高产品质量,规范行业生产,将发挥积极的促进作用,同时也为我国交通安全产品的质量控制提供了新思路。     

降低脉冲布袋除尘器可编程控制器控制设备造价的探讨

论述通过对脉冲布袋除尘器清灰电磁阀进行分组来降低脉冲布袋除尘器由可编程控制器(PLC)构成控制系统的造价的一种方法.     

环境试验设备控制过程中的PID整定

分析环境试验设备中控制器PID算法原理和PID整定方法。     

A novel online analyzer for accurate and rapid measurement of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic wastewater treatment

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which are largely generated during the anaerobic acidification process, are considered to be reliable indicators of the stable process operation. However, the common methods for monitoring VFAs are offline, and they are typically manual requiring time-consuming, costly and complex instruments. This study aims to develop a novel online analyzer for automatic measuring VFAs, which was based on the 5-pH point titration, embedded with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback control system. The results show that it can achieve accurate and rapid monitoring of VFAs ranging between 0-400 mg/L (<9 min/sample) but simultaneously faces the problems of overtitration and interference of complex characteristics of wastewater. In order to improve its accuracy and stability, the effects of three general coefficients (K_I, K_P, and K_D) of PID on the titration were investigated, and the optimal values of K_I, K_P, and K_D were found to be 1.5, 1.0, and -1.0~0.5, respectively. Besides, the initial titration speed was set at 0.06 mL/min, equal to the minimum speed of the peristaltic pump, and the dichotomy approach was integrated into the PID feedback controller. Owing to the above improvements, the relative mean deviation and standard deviation of measuring VFAs in both synthetic and real wastewaters were mostly lower than 5.0% and 5.0 mg/L, proving the online analyzer is rapid, accurate and reliable.     

在役储运装置安全控制系统改造要求

基于对国内在役储运装置(大型储油罐区、站场、长输管道)安全控制/管理现状调研分析,并结合国际国内标准IEC61508和IEC61511(GB/T20438和GB/T21109)及国外石油公司良好的工程实践,开展在役储运装置安全控制系统可靠性研究,制定适应于储运装置成套的安全控制方案,形成在役储运装置安全控制系统设置/管理要求。     

不同工况下飞机液冷车制冷换热系统PID控制的建模与仿真

目的解决现有研究只考虑单一制冷工况,导致数学模型建立不精确,对飞机液冷车控制系统PID控制效果产生较为不利影响这一问题,提高控制系统的控制能力。方法根据飞机的保障需求和飞机液冷车的具体工况,分别建立制冷和制热两种工况下制冷换热系统的数学模型,并利用Simulink进行仿真研究。结果与单一制冷工况下所建立的数学模型相比,两种工况下所建立的数学模型其PID控制在制冷、制热工况下响应时间分别为2.1,3.1 min,短于单一制冷工况下所建立的数学模型(2.8,4.5 min)。系统误差分别为0.75%,0.51%,低于单一制冷工况(1.5%,0.71%)。结论在两种工况数学模型下的PID控制在响应速度、控制精度等方面均显示出更好的控制能力,具有良好的军事和工业应用前景。     

地铁行车调度系统人误影响因素识别及评定研究

为寻找影响地铁行车调度系统人误的因素,提出结合SHEL模型与层次分析法(AHP)的人-机-环系统人误影响因素识别及评定技术。通过扩展SHEL模型到人-任务、人-列车、人-人机界面、人-环境、人-线路、人-人、人-客观其他7个界面,构建人误影响因素分析模型;在对上海地铁54名行车调度员问卷调查的基础上,引以因子分析法识别出19项人误影响因素;并通过搭建人误影响因素层次结构模型及运用AHP法实现对人误影响因素的评定。结果表明,影响行车调度人误的因素中权重居前5位的分别为客流问题、行车密度、问题列车数、人机界面可支持性及人机界面布局合理性。因此,在客观运营条件不能改变的情况下,可以用改善人机界面条件来减少人误的发生。