我国消防员灭火救援中伤亡情况研究

为分析我国消防员灭火救援中伤亡的原因,减少消防员伤亡事故的发生,统计了消防部队2005年~2013年共发生的70起消防员灭火救援中伤亡情况、伤亡原因,并对比美国消防员灭火救援中伤亡情况。结果表明,造成我国消防员灭火救援中伤亡的原因既有灭火救援危险性高的客观原因,也有消防员灭火救援经验缺乏、消防员防护装备配备不科学、安全保障技术应用不当等主观原因。要减少消防员灭火救援中伤亡事故的发生,应从提高消防员灾害事故现场风险评估能力、科学配备消防装备、提高消防员灭火救援专业能力和安全保障技术应用能力等方面加以改进。     

对非国有企业因工伤亡事故的思考

针对非国有企业频发因工伤亡事故的现象，概括分析了引发因工伤亡事故的原因，只重生产、忽视安全、设备陈旧、工艺落后、从业人员素质低、上岗前不进行安全教育和必要的培训、家庭传统式的安全管理在非国有企业随处可见，导致伤亡事故频发。因此，加强对非国有企业的领导，各生产工序严格安全生产操作规程，企业加大安全生产投入，加强安全监管力度，发现隐患，及时整改，这是杜绝和控制伤亡事故频发的基本途径。     

公路交通伤亡和行政决策之间关系研究

根据1980年至今的交通伤亡统计资料,笔者对我国公路交通事故现状进行了简要分析,并指出了事故内容统计方法的不足。根据公路交通存在着多部门管理、多部门分配利益,没有部门承担路难责任的问题,提出了业主、司机、警察和法院的职责和关系,把利益和责任联系起来。笔者认为,政府的行政决策非常重要,同时对政府处理路难态度提出自己的观点,对按不同路型不同决策提出建议,对用科技手段解决路难问题提出了加强平等竞争的呼吁。     

Mass casualty incident after the Taba terrorist attack: an organisational and medical challenge

Two suicide bombings in and around Taba, Egypt, on 7 October 2004 created a complex medical and organisational situation. Since most victims were Israeli tourists, the National Emergency and Disaster Management Division handled their evacuation and treatment. This paper describes the event chronologically, as well as the organisational and management challenges confronted and applied solutions. Forty-nine emergency personnel and physicians were flown early to the disaster area to reinforce scarce local medical resources. Two hundred casualties were recorded: 32 dead and 168 injured. Eilat hospital was transformed into a triage facility. Thirty-two seriously injured patients were flown to two remote trauma centres in central Israel. Management of mass casualty incidents is difficult when local resources are inadequate. An effective response should include: rapid transportation of experienced trauma teams to the disaster zone; conversion of local medical amenities into a triage centre; and rapid evacuation of the seriously injured to higher level medical facilities.     

伤亡事故统计分析信息管理系统的开发

利用Visual Basic语言和Microsoft Access数据库相结合的技术,建立伤亡事故统计分析信息管理系统,对企业历年来发生的伤亡事故进行统计分析从而预防事故的发生.     

从2000年特大伤亡事故论我国实施OHSMS的重要性

通过统计分析2000年我国发生的109起特大伤亡事故的主要特点及原因，结合职业安全卫生管理体系（OHSMS）的实质、内容、特片和运行模式，认为在我国全面实施OHSMS是遏制各类事故发生的有效措施。     

Risk factors affecting injury severity determined by the MAIS score

Objective: Traffic crashes result in a loss of life but also impact the quality of life and productivity of crash survivors. Given the importance of traffic crash outcomes, the issue has received attention from researchers and practitioners as well as government institutions, such as the European Commission (EC). Thus, to obtain detailed information on the injury type and severity of crash victims, hospital data have been proposed for use alongside police crash records. A new injury severity classification based on hospital data, called the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS), was developed and recently adopted by the EC. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the factors that affect injury severity as classified by the MAIS score.

Method: In this study, the MAIS score was derived from the International Classification of Diseases. The European Union adopted an MAIS score equal to or greater than 3 as the definition for a serious traffic crash injury. Gains are expected from using both police and hospital data because the injury severities of the victims are detailed by medical staff and the characteristics of the crash and the site of its occurrence are also provided. The data were obtained by linking police and hospital data sets from the Porto metropolitan area of Portugal over a 6-year period (2006–2011). A mixed logit model was used to understand the factors that contribute to the injury severity of traffic victims and to explore the impact of these factors on injury severity. A random parameter approach offers methodological flexibility to capture individual-specific heterogeneity. Additionally, to understand the importance of using a reliable injury severity scale, we compared MAIS with length of hospital stay (LHS), a classification used by several countries, including Portugal, to officially report injury severity. To do so, the same statistical technique was applied using the same variables to analyze their impact on the injury severity classified according to LHS.

Results: This study showed the impact of variables, such as the presence of blood alcohol, the use of protection devices, the type of crash, and the site characteristics, on the injury severity classified according to the MAIS score. Additionally, the sex and age of the victims were analyzed as risk factors, showing that elderly and male road users are highly associated with MAIS 3+ injuries. The comparison between the marginal effects of the variables estimated by the MAIS and LHS models showed significant differences. In addition to the differences in the magnitude of impact of each variable, we found that the impact of the road environment variable was dependent on the injury severity classification.

Conclusions: The differences in the effects of risk factors between the classifications highlight the importance of using a reliable classification of injury severity. Additionally, the relationship between LHS and MAIS levels is quite different among countries, supporting the previous conclusion that bias is expected in the assessment of risk factors if an injury severity classification other than MAIS is used.     

浅谈财务人员的职业道德

社会主义市场经济体制的建立,要求加强与之相适应的财会人员职业道德建设。本文从爱岗敬业、熟悉法规、依法办事、客观公正、搞好服务、保密守信等方面论述了财会人员职业道德建设的主要内容。     

扑救森林火灾时如何防止人员伤亡

主要阐述了在扑救森林火灾时出现人员伤亡的主要原因、主要地段和环节，以及如何防止事故发生，如何自救等问题。     

硝酸塔闪爆事故原因分析与预防措施

本文针对硝酸塔内发生闪爆事故原因,从事故可能发生的过程采取排除方法进行了系统分析,确定事故的原因,并提出了控制和预防事故发生的措施.