Degradation of benzene derivatives in the CuMgFe-LDO/persulfate system: The role of the interaction between the catalyst and target pollutants

A novel insight on the role of interactions between target pollutants and the catalyst in the copper-containing layered double oxide(LDO)-catalyzed persulfate(PS) system was elucidated in the present study.4-Chlorophenol(4-CP),as a representative benzene derivative with a hydroxyl group,was completely removed within 5 min,which was much faster than the reaction of monochlorobenzene(MCB) without a hydroxyl group,with the degradation efficiency of 31.7% in 240 min.Through the use of radical quenching and surface inhibition experiments,it could be concluded that the interaction between 4-CP and CuMgFe-LDO,rather than free radicals,played a key role in the decomposition of 4-CP,while only the free radicals participated in the MCB degradation process.According to electron paramagnetic resonance and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy data,the formation of a Cu(II)-complex between phenolic hydroxyl groups and surface Cu(II) was primarily responsible for the degradation of phenolic compounds,in which PS accepted one electron from the complex and generated sulfate radicals and chelated radical cations.The chelated radical cations transferred one electron to Cu(Ⅱ) followed by Cu(I) generation and pollutant degradation successively.     

Engineered FeVO4/CeO2 nanocomposite as a two-way superior electro-Fenton catalyst for model and real wastewater treatment

FeVO₄/CeO₂ was applied in the electro-Fenton (EF) degradation of Methyl Orange (MO) as a model of wastewater pollution. The results of the characterization techniques indicate that FeVO₄ with triclinic structure and face-centered cubic fluorite CeO₂ maintained their structures during the nanocomposite synthesis. The effect of applied current intensity, initial pollutant concentration, initial pH, and catalyst weight was investigated. The MO removal reached 96.31% and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal 70% for 60 min of the reaction. The presence of CeO₂ in the nanocomposite plays a key role in H₂O₂ electro-generation as a significant factor in the electro-Fenton (EF) system. The metal leaching from FeVO₄/CeO₂ was negligible (cerium 4.1%, iron 4.3%, and vanadium 1.7%), which indicates that the active species in the nanocomposite are strongly interacting with each other and are stable. The performance of the nanocatalyst in real wastewaters, salty, and binary systems was acceptable and the pollutions were removed efficiently. The synergistic effect between V, Fe, and Ce could be account as the reason for the respectable function of FeVO₄/CeO₂. The electron transfer proceeds via Haber-Weiss mechanism. A degradation pathway was proposed through by-products analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model described the obtained experimental results (R² = 0.9906). The electro-Fenton system efficiency was improved by adding persulfate. The nanocomposite preserved almost its efficiency after six cycles. The obtained results demonstrate that the synergistic catalyst (FeVO₄/CeO₂) has the capability to introduce as a promising replacement of conventional catalysts in the electro-Fenton processes with brilliant proficiency.     

Enhanced dewaterability of waste activated sludge by UV assisted ZVI-PDS oxidation

Ultraviolet（UV） assisted zero-valent iron（ZVI）-activated sodium persulfate（PDS） oxidation（UV-ZVI-PDS） was used to treat waste activated sludge（WAS） in this study.The dewaterability performance and mechanism of WAS dewatering were analyzed.The results showed that UV-ZVI-PDS can obtain better sludge dewatering performance in a wide pH range（2.0-8.0）.When the molar ratio of ZVI/PDS was 0.6,UV was 254 nm,PDS dosage was 200 mg/g TS（total solid）,pH was 6.54,reaction time was 20 min,the CST（capillary s...     

Preparation of nZVI embedded modified mesoporous carbon for catalytic persulfate to degradation of reactive black 5

• The MCNZVI is prepared as an interesting material for PS activation. • Graphitized carbon shells facilitate electron transfer from Fe⁰. • The MCNZVI exhibits excellent performance to degrade RB5 by ¹O₂. • The MCNZVI has high stability and reusability in the oxidation system. High-efficiency and cost-effective catalysts with available strategies for persulfate (PS) activation are critical for the complete mineralization of organic contaminants in the environmental remediation and protection fields. A nanoscale zero-valent iron-embedded modified mesoporous carbon (MCNZVI) with a core-shell structure is synthesized using the hydrothermal synthesis method and high-temperature pyrolysis. The results showed that nZVI could be impregnated within mesoporous carbon frameworks with a comparatively high graphitization degree, rich nitrogen doping content, and a large surface area and pore volume. This material was used as a persulfate activator for the oxidation removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5). The effects of the material dosage, PS concentration, pH, and some inorganic anions (i.e., Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻) on RB5 degradation were then investigated. The highest degradation efficiency (97.3%) of RB5 was achieved via PS (20 mmol/L) activation by the MCNZVI (0.5 g/L). The pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 2.11 × 10⁻² min⁻¹) in the MCNZVI/PS (0.5 g/L, 20 mmol/L) was greater than 100 times than that in the MCNZVI and PS. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), including ¹O₂, SO₄^·−, HO^·, and ·O₂⁻, were generated by PS activation with the MCNZVI. Singlet oxygen was demonstrated to be the primary ROS responsible for the RB5 degradation. The MCNZVI could be reused and regenerated for recycling. This work provides new insights into PS activation to remove organic contamination.     

零价铁与过硫酸盐异相芬顿降解活性艳橙X-GN

采用零价铁(Fe~0)与过硫酸盐构建异相类芬顿体系,由Fe0腐蚀释放Fe~(2+)催化S_2 O_8~(2-)产生硫酸根自由基快速降解偶氮染料活性艳橙,考察了初始p H值、Fe~0投加量、过硫酸盐投加量和温度对降解过程的影响。结果表明,当活性艳橙初始浓度为100 mg/L、pH值为7、Fe~0投加量为0.5 g/L、过硫酸盐投加量为1 mmol/L和反应温度为30℃时,反应60 min后活性艳橙降解率达到92.6%。酸性条件和提高反应温度均有利反应的进行,而且活性艳橙的降解率在初始pH值为9时也高于90%。反应过程符合准一级动力学,表观反应速率常数k为0.0513 min~(-1)(30℃)。UV-Vis扫描显示,活性艳橙的发色基团在反应过程中被破坏。由Fe~0与S_2O_8~(2-)构成的异相Fenton体系可作为一种高效手段用于染料废水的处理。