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101.
本文给出了企事业单位的震害预测方法。其特点是:与当地地震危险性分析和场地地震动参数相结合;把结构的整体动力计算与薄弱部位抗震构件验算和普查结果相结合;把建筑物的震害预测与震害调查和试验研究结果相结合。 相似文献
102.
S. J. Ursic 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1991,27(6):925-937
ABSTRACT: Harvesting 29-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on six small catchments in the Coastal Plain of west Tennessee caused variable but generally minor increases of storm-flow volumes during the four years following harvest. The increases were primarily associated with decreases of rainfall interception rather than with soil disturbance. Harvesting had no effect on stormflow volumes in six nearby catchments of 37-year-old loblolly pine to which the same treatments were applied. Postharvest increases of flow-weighted sediment concentrations averaged higher for the catchments with greater flows at both locations. During the fourth through eighth years after harvest, average sediment concentrations for harvested catchments at each location approximated closely the base rate of 62 mg L-1 previously defined for undisturbed pine types. Thus, relatively minor postharvest increases of stormflow volumes in the six 29-year-old plantations and increases of sediment concentrations in all 12 catchments were limited to about four years. Nevertheless, because of potential channel erosion, the findings confirm the need to extend stream management zones well up into drainages with intermittent and ephemeral flows wherever water quality is a concern. Despite certain undesirable effects of logging (baring of mineral soil, decreased weight and depth of forest floor, increased soil bulk density), the results demonstrate the high resilience developed by pine planted on severely eroded sites in the southern Coastal Plain. 相似文献
103.
104.
Yasmin Kelsall Mayumi Allinson Graeme Allinson Nick Turoczy Frank Stagnitti Masataka Nishikawa 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3-4):375-384
The movement of copper, chromium and arsenic originating from samples of the wood preservative Tanalith® through mildly acidic, sandy loam soil was investigated. Small, undisturbed soil cores (of dimensions 15 × 15 × 15 cm) were removed from the topsoil of a paddock adjacent to the Glenelg River in the Western District of Victoria, Australia. The paddock soils were thin (<30cm) greyish brown, mildly acidic, sandy loams with a moderate organic carbon content (2–5%) overlying a limestone cap. Tanalith® was applied to the surface of the cores which were then irrigated with deionised water at approximately 30 mm day‐1. Copper concentrations in all leachate remained at background levels throughout the experiment, and this element was found to be immobilised in the top 4 cm of the soil. Up to 29% of the applied dose of chromium was detected in the leachate, with breakthrough occurring within 20 days of Tanalith® application. Up to 13% ofthe applied dose ofarsenic was detected in the leachate, although in this case breakthrough was not observed until 25 days after Tanalith® application and leachate concentrations were still rising when the experiment came to a close. Significant concentrations of arsenic and chromium were found in the top 6 cm of the soil profile. 相似文献
105.
随着无线网络的发展,地理信息突破了无法随身携带的限制,可以通过手持设备获取对象的地理信息。讨论了多用户GPS移动定位追踪系统的研究与设计。该系统的设计基于C/S结构,采用移动端智能系统、Socket通信、多线程等方法,把数据传输到中心数据库服务器;用户可以从屏幕上实时观察、精确定位多个对象(包括个人,车辆等)的地理位置,计算行进速度,并且可以看出运动轨迹等。这套系统可以应用于应急疏散、油气井、化工厂、军工等各个安全生产领域。 相似文献
106.
吴福全 《环境监测管理与技术》2002,14(3):42-43
提出选择酸雨项目时,应考虑酸雨成分受地域化学离子影响的因素,阐述了测定酸雨中pH、电导率、阴离子、阳离子及金属成分时容易出现的问题及解决办法。指出了我国在酸雨的测定及其质量控制方法存在的问题。介绍了欧美和日本酸雨测定的质量控制办法,认为根据离子浓度平衡进行的质量控制有着非常重要的意义。 相似文献
107.
Bo Zhang Xilai Zheng Tianyuan Zheng Jia Xin Shuai Sui Di Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):20
108.
依据《环境空气和废气 颗粒物中砷、硒、铋、锑的测定 原子荧光法》(HJ 1133—2020)的要求,对采集环境空气中砷的9种滤膜的本底值、回收率、检出限、精密度和准确度进行了实验对比。根据实验各项性能指标及成本考虑,建议选择尼龙、硝酸纤维或混合纤维3种国产有机滤膜,其购买方便、价格较低,方法检出限均为0.2 ng/m3,精密度和准确度均能满足环境空气中砷的测定要求。 相似文献
109.
Zachary P. McEachran Diana L. Karwan Robert A. Slesak 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2021,57(1):1-31
Managed forests generally produce high water quality, but degradation is possible via sedimentation if proper management is not implemented during forest harvesting. To mitigate harvesting effects on total watershed sediment yield, it is necessary to understand all processes that contribute to these effects. Forest harvesting best management practices (BMPs) focus almost exclusively on overland sediment sources, whereas in‐and‐near stream sources go unaddressed although they can contribute substantially to sediment yield. Thus, we propose a new framework to classify forest harvesting effects on stream sediment yield according to their direct and indirect processes. Direct effects are those caused by erosion and sediment delivery to surface water from overland sources (e.g., forest roads). Indirect effects are those caused by a shift in hydrologic processes due to tree removal that accounts for increases in subsurface and surface flows to the stream such that alterations in water quality are not predicated upon overland sediment delivery to the stream, but rather in‐stream processes. Although the direct/indirect distinction is often implicit in forest hydrology studies, we have formalized it as a conceptual model to help identify primary drivers of sediment yield after forest harvesting in different landscapes. Based on a literature review, we identify drivers of these effects in five regions of the United States, discuss current forest management BMPs, and identify research needs. 相似文献
110.
论文基于产业生命周期理论及探索性空间数据分析方法,运用1954—2014年各省木材产量数据对中国木材产业的发展阶段以及时空格局变化规律展开了分析。研究表明:1) Gompertz模型显示木材产业处于产业生命周期的成长阶段;2)探索性空间数据分析显示木材产业具有明显的地域转移趋势和显著的区域聚集特征,尤其在2000年以后,南方集体林区逐渐形成了木材生产“热点”;3)根据重心模型显示的移动轨迹,可以将木材产业发展分为三个时期,即经济驱动时期、经济驱动与生态驱动相持时期、生态驱动时期,木材产业的时空格局演变是这两种驱动力量相对均衡的结果。根据研究结论,提出了重视森林资源培育、适时放开采伐限额、由行政监督向购买社会服务转变等促进木材产业发展的建议。 相似文献