Development of inherent safety and health index for formulated product design

The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method.     

Metrics and analytics for process hazard analysis

Process hazard analysis (PHA) studies (e.g. HAZOP) identify hazard scenarios and each scenario is examined individually to decide whether risk reduction measures are needed. However, much more can be done to benefit from the contents of studies.PHA studies contain so much data that a manual review is precluded from yielding insights into their results. Fortunately, valuable information can be extracted using metrics and analytics that consider all the contents of a PHA study. The management of safety, operability, reliability, utilization, and loss prevention can all be improved.Metrics evaluate the contents of PHA studies to provide insights into the safety of processes and the quality of studies. Measures of process safety and study quality can be compared with norms to identify possible departures that may need to be addressed.Rather than focusing decision making on the risks of individual hazard scenarios, as is common practice, analytics enable a deeper analysis of the entire set of scenarios for a process. This enables better decisions to be made on where and how risk reduction resources should be allocated. Analytics can also be used to prioritize maintenance, training, and other activities.Various analytics and metrics for PHA studies are described together with examples that illustrate their use.     

危险分析AHP模型

采用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ），建立危险分析的ＡＨＰ模型，实现对危险因素的定性和定量相结合的全面分析，排列出危险因素的重要性的顺序，从而为消除潜在的事故危险性提供思路和依据     

被动扩散管监测空气中二氧化氮分析方法的改进

利用被动扩散法测定空气中的二氧化氮是最近几年许多发达国家所采用的方法。在二氧化氮（以后以NO2记）被动监测分析方法及Saltzman法的基础上，对所选用的化学试剂及试剂的用量、操作方法等方面进行了改进与研究,实验结果表明用对氨基苯磺酸取代对氨基苯磺酰胺,更具有可操作性、经济性和适用性。     

SBR及其改良型技术分析

通过分析研究SBR及其衍生的各种改良型技术用于污水处理的运行方式及特点,指出SBR及其衍生的改良型技术可在中小型污水处理领域降低建设成本和运行费用,是一种适合中国国情的绿色小区污水回用处理技术.     

黄河三角洲土地资源开发对策的探讨

黄河三角洲是我国三大三角洲之一,面积约5930km²,它拥有丰富的土地资源,但从大农业角度来看,其土地质量较差,生态环境脆弱。当前,其土地资源的合理开发利用具有十分重要的现实意义。 首先,本文将区内土地类型划为 5类和19个亚类。其次,应用二级模糊综合评判,将其土地质量分为8等13级。其中宜农地占28.83％,宜牧地占34.44％,渔业用地占27.98％。最后,应用层次分析法（AHP）对土地资源合理开发利用的对策作了分析探讨。认为:对于黄河三角洲土地资源的开发,必须强调遵循经济效益服从社会效益和生态效益的总原则。在此前提下,提出了以保证工矿业用地为首的6项开发策略,以及以引黄放淤改良盐碱地为首的20项开发措施。     

旋风除尘器改进措施的研究进展

随着国家规定的粉尘排放指标的提高,普通型旋风除尘器的结构已过于陈旧,设备性能很不理想.特别是对于5～10μm细颗粒矿物粉尘的净化效率一般只有60%～90%,而压损高达90～150 mm水柱.因此,国内外很多研究者对普通型旋风除尘器的结构进行了改进.总结了近几年来旋风除尘器在设备方面的一些改进措施,分析了各种改进方案的优缺点,指出并分析了各种改进后的旋风除尘器适合的应用环境及其应用前景,提出了对旋风除尘器进行进一步改进研究的方向.     

对生态环境质量评价技术方法的改进

提出了用单位面积相对COD排放量———即评价区域COD年排放量/(该区域面积×年均降水量)表征COD排放的生态影响,以此对《生态环境质量评价技术规定》(2004年)的生态环境质量评价方法进行了改进。改进后的评价方法中生态环境质量指数及各指标指数具有加和性,即区域EQI(或各指标指数)是以子区面积占区面积比例为权重的子区域分指数的代数和。由此,提供了计划生态区域环境质量指数的方法。     

影响二氧化氯发生器性能的因素及其改进的方法

反应物的浓度及反应压力、反应器的结构等因素均是影响二氧化氯发生器性能的因素，针对这些因素对发生器进行改进，将使其更其有使用价值。     

污水处理的改良型SBR工艺

简要介绍了一种新型污水处理工艺———改良型序批式活性污泥法。主要介绍了它的结构组成、流程控制、生物脱氮除磷基本原理、自动化管理。