控制底板岩层实现安全生产

根据对呼略矿采场围岩控制的研究 ,提出通过控制煤层底板来管理顶板 ,是采场围岩控制的重要方面。在矿压观测的基础上 ,经过科学分析与设计 ,增设单体支柱下的柱鞋 ,能有效地增强整个支护系统的刚度 ,达到控制和管理好顶板 ,实现安全生产的目的     

Scrap tires to crumb rubber: feasibility analysis for processing facilities

Crumb rubber can be produced from scrap tires in a wide range of particle sizes and quality levels. Ideally, the revenue stream includes tipping fees paid to receive the raw materials; sales of variously-sized crumb products to different end-user markets; and potential sales of scrap metal and fiber contained within the tires. General demand has been increasing, and submarkets for crumb products are growing in size and variety. However, the optimistic expectations of potential investors and government agencies contrast sharply with the experiences of many current and former producers. Production planning and operation is complex, real-dollar crumb prices have fallen, and many producers recount difficulties finding stable markets and competing against newer, state-subsidized competitors. This paper examines the engineering economics of crumb rubber facilities. Following a literature review and interviews with producers, a financial model of a nominal processing operation was created to aid the analysis of different market, crumb size, and production scenarios. The profitability of a crumb facility appears to be particularly sensitive to crumb rubber prices, operating costs, and raw material availability. Better analysis of market and production impacts on financial viability for proposed processing facilities would aid overall market efficiency.     

当前我国安全管理存在的问题分析及对策探讨

当前我国的安全生产形势依然严峻 ,主要原因是人为所致 ,而人为原因与管理有着直接的联系。笔者分析了当前安全管理主要存在的 5个方面的问题 :安全管理严不起来 ,落实不下去 ;安全管理基础薄弱 ;安全管理体制不顺 ;行业安全管理力度不够 ;安全管理中存在着腐败现象。同时提出了加强安全科学管理 ;强化安全管理基础工作 ;重视行业安全管理 ;强化安全法制与监管 ;实行全员安全目标管理 ;夯实班组基层安全管理等 6项对策     

激励劳动者安全行为实现企业安全化生产

分析人的不安全行为是造成伤亡事故的重要原因。例举人的心理和社会心理因素以及人的安全意识、感觉和知觉、记忆和思维、情感和情绪等对人的安全行为的影响。提出激励劳动者安全行为,加强企业安全生产科学管理,为劳动者安全和健康服务,实现企业安全化生产的见解     

Regional assessment of climate change impacts on maize productivity and associated production risk in Switzerland

A simple model of yield was used along with climate scenarios to assess the impact of climate change on grain maize productivity and associated economic risk in Switzerland. In a first application, changes in the precipitation regime alone were shown to affect the distribution of yield considerably, with shifts not only in the mean but also in the standard deviation and the skewness. Production risk was found to respond more markedly to changes in the long-term mean than in the inter-annual variability of seasonal precipitation amounts. In a further application, yield projections were generated with respect to a full climate scenario, with the emission pathway as specified in the IPCC A2 scenario. Anticipation of the sowing date was found to reduce the negative impact of climate change on yield stability, but was not sufficient to ensure average productivity levels comparable to those observed at present. We argued that this was caused by the reduction in the duration of the growing season, which had a stronger impact than suggested by previous studies. Assuming no change in price relations, the results also revealed a strong increase in production risk with climate change, with more than a doubling in the probability of yield falling short of a critical threshold as compared to today’s situation.     

An empirical investigation of returns to scale: The Welsh coal industry

This article attempts to study both returns to scale and optimal size of production. Specifically, the authors estimate a ray-homothetic production function which allows the returns to scale to vary with ouput size and input mix. The production model is estimated using data from the Welsh coal industry for the period 1961–1976. Findings showed that, first, the Welsh coal industry suffers from a level of production which is either too small or below its optimal level and, second, this discrepancy between actual and optimal production worsened over the period considered.     

关于实行企业安全生产年审制的思考

在经济体制改革后 ,政府转变职能 ,企业转换经营机制 ,企业与政府脱钩 ,政府放权予企业 ,由企业自主经营、自负盈亏 ,企业成为独立核算的法人。按照权、责统一和管生产必须管安全、谁主管谁负责的原则 ,企业的安全生产从企业与政府共同管理转移到自主管理 ,政府及其有关主管部门从管理向监督转变 ,政府与企业的关系由隶属关系变成监督与被监督的关系。随着社会主义市场经济的进一步发展和日益完善 ,安全生产面临前所未有的新情况。在新的形势下 ,如何建立安全生产的长效机制 ,是当前安全生产亟待解决的重要课题。笔者针对安全生产监督与管理上存在的问题 ,有针对性地提出了实行企业安全生产年审制的建议 ,认为建立企业安全生产年审制是切合当前实际的安全对策 ,并对如何实施这一对策进行了初步的探讨。     

灰色关联分析在工业区清洁生产企业筛选中的应用

在工业园区选择循环经济模式目的是使规划区域成为一个生态工业园,推进企业层次的清洁生产,需要筛选评价企业生态化建设的优先顺序。通过选取参考序列样本,对南通经济开发区企业清洁生产的物质减量和污染排放效率指标进行灰色关联度分析,关联度越高,企业生态化水平越高,可筛选为清洁生产企业。结果表明,清洁生产企业的审计可按照相关指标关联程度判断园区范围内重点规模企业生态化水平及其生态化潜力,并可在同行业内筛选出优先进行清洁生产审计的对象,对园区企业实施生态化有明确指导作用。     

企业清洁生产员工持续参与机制研究

清洁生产通过生产全过程控制提高了原料利用率、减少污染物产生及治污成本,是企业降低环保压力和提高竞争力的重要方式。员工持续参与是企业清洁生产不断推进的重要保障,本文从员工技能水平、企业鼓励等方面对其参与的影响因素进行了简要分析,并在此基础上提出了建议。     

清洁生产审核中咨询机构的作用及能力建设

阐述了清洁生产审核的有效性、创新性和规范性,分析了清洁生产咨询机构在清洁生产审核中应发挥的作用,并结合我国实际情况提出了咨询机构急需在人才配置等方面加强能力建设。