关于太钢高温作业行车的冷风机延长使用寿命的探讨

为延长高温作业行车冷风机的使用寿命,节省投资,分析了产品自身、设备选型、使用、维修等多方面影响产品寿命的原因。并提出了相应的管理措施。     

淮南矿区井下煤炭自燃火灾因素分析及防治措施

１９９０年以来,淮南矿区１１个矿井共发生自燃火灾４９起,自燃发火率平均为每百万吨习煤量０．５３次。通过对该矿区井下煤炭自燃因素和地质条件及开采中出现的自燃发火原因作了具体分析,从中找出发火规律;并对井下煤层自燃发火采取均压通风和直接灭火做了新的尝试,提出了对井下煤炭自燃防治措施。     

油品储运对环境的影响及其防治措施

油品在储运过程中产生一定的损耗,造成对大气环境污染,从而影响人类健康,着重分析装油、卸油等过程中的损耗,并且给出了常压油罐油品储存、液体石化产品装车挥发损耗量,还提出了科学的油品储存管理,改进储运操作;将拱顶罐改造成内浮顶式油储罐和采用密闭化装车等防治污染措施,以保护环境,提高经济效益。     

广州市城市供水水源的合理开发与保护

由于居民生活和商业用水量的急剧增加和市域内水源水质的下降，广州市面临着严重的水质性缺水的威胁。     

分光光度法测定嘉陵江中总磷

采用美国HACH公司DR/5000紫外可见分光光度计,及其专用试剂测定嘉陵江(南充段)上游、下游水样中总磷含量.测定总磷含量(以PO3-4计)适用范围(0.06 mg/L～3.50 mg/L),精密度和灵敏度较好,准确度高,标准物质的回收率都近于100%.对于样品中存在的干扰因素进行了有效的消除.简化了实验操作过程,使测试方法更加简便、快捷、试剂用量少,该方法通过美国环保局(USEPA)认可.     

Haloacetic acids in the aquatic environment. Part II: ecological risk assessment

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are environmental contaminants found in aquatic ecosystems throughout the world as a result of both anthropogenic and natural production. The ecological risk posed by these compounds to organisms in freshwater environments, with a specific focus on aquatic macrophytes, was characterized. The plants evaluated were Lemna gibba, Myriophyllum spicatum and M. sibiricum and the HAAs screened were monochloroacetic acid (MCA), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and chlorodifluoroacetic acid (CDFA). Laboratory toxicity data formed the basis of the risk assessment, but field studies were also utilized. The estimated risk was calculated using hazard quotients (HQ), as well as effect measure distributions (EMD) in a modified probabilistic ecological risk assessment. EMDs were used to estimate HAA thresholds of toxicity for use in HQ assessments. This threshold was found to be a more sensitive measure of low toxicity than the no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) or the effective concentration (EC10). Using both deterministic and probabilistic methods, it was found that HAAs do not pose a significant risk to freshwater macrophytes at current environmental concentrations in Canada, Europe or Africa for both single compound and mixture exposures. Still, HAAs are generally found as mixtures and their potential interactions are not fully understood, rendering this phase of the assessment uncertain and justifying further effects characterization. TCA in some environments poses a slight risk to phytoplankton and future concentrations of TFA and CDFA are likely to increase due to their recalcitrant nature, warranting continued environmental surveillance of HAAs.     

空气自动监测站的防雷措施

介绍了雷电对空气自动监测站是如何造成危害的，阐述了雷电侵入空气自动监测站的途径及防止雷击的办法。     

抚河流域水生态环境恢复措施初探

论述了江西省抚河流域的概况、水生态环境的现状及存在的问题，包括淤泥的堆积、水土的流失、水污染、沿岸防洪圩堤标准偏低等问题,并提出了流域水生态环境恢复的目标，以及针对恢复目标提出了水权分配、水土保持治理、水工程治理、水质治理等方面的初步措施与建议。     

Effects of speed-control measures on the safety of unsignalized midblock street crossings in China

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different speed-control measures on the safety of unsignalized midblock street crossings.

Methods: In China, it is quite difficult to obtain traffic crash and conflict data for pedestrians using such crossings, mainly due to the lack of traffic data management and organizational issues. In light of this, the proposed method did not rely on such data, but considered vehicle speed, which is a leading contributing factor of pedestrian safety at mid blocks. To evaluate the speed reduction effects at different locations, the research team utilized the following methods in this study: (1) testing speed differences—on the basis of the collected data, statistical analysis is conducted to test the speed differences between upstream and crosswalk, upstream and downstream, and downstream and crosswalk; and (2) mean distribution deviation—this value is calculated by taking the difference in cumulative speed distributions for the two different samples just mentioned. In order to better understand the variation of speed reduction effects at different distances from speed-control facilities, data were collected from six types of speed-control measures with a visual range of 60 m.

Results: The results showed that speed humps, transverse rumble strips, and speed bumps were effective in reducing vehicle speeds. Among them speed humps performed the best, with reductions of 21.1% and 20.0% from upstream location (25.01 km/h) and downstream location (24.66 km/h) to pedestrian crosswalk (19.73 km/h), respectively. By contrast, the speed reduction effects were minimal for stop and yield signs, flashing yellow lights, and crossings without treatment.

Conclusions: Consequently, in order to reduce vehicle speeds and improve pedestrian safety at mid blocks, several speed-control measures such as speed humps, speed bumps, and transverse rumble strips are recommended to be deployed in the vicinity of pedestrian crosswalks.     

军用物资航空运输振动冲击环境条件研究

介绍了军用物资航空运输的特点和分类,分析了军用物资在飞机起飞、降落、跑道滑行、飞行中,因气流变化以及空投时物资着陆和装卸而产生的振动冲击等,并给出了一定的振动冲击值。同时,结合振动冲击等环境条件对物资的影响,提出了安全防护的几点措施,为军用物资航空运输的安全性提供理论依据和技术参考。