表面处理清洁生产线的研发

介绍了中国电器科学研究院近期研制开发的电镀、氧化等金属表面处理新型生产线。对生产线各相关系统进行研究,通过改进与创新,达到清洁、节能、智能化等目的。     

克拉玛依市机动车污染现状调查与防治对策研究

在调查克拉玛依市机动车尾气污染的基础上,分析存在的问题,并针对性地提出城市交通污染的控制对策.     

不同居民燃煤炉具大气污染物排放差异性及减排分析

为探究不同类型炉具的大气污染物排放差异,本研究选择5种常见的新式居民燃煤炉具(方型煤炉具、折流换热炉具、炕暖炊一体化炉具、气化正烧及气化反烧炉具)在实验室内进行模拟燃烧和大气污染物排放水平监测,定量评估不同炉具的环境效果,识别污染排放水平差异的影响因素及原因,从而提出炉具研发设计等污染减排的改进建议.结果表明:(1)不同炉具大气污染物排放差异较大,炕暖炊一体的炉具污染排放强度最大, 3种大气污染物(SO₂、 NO_x和颗粒物)的排放强度为2.9 kg·t^-1,是平均值的1.6倍;应用方型煤技术的炉具大气污染物排放强度最低,是平均值的65%.(2)不同炉具在不同燃烧阶段其气态污染物排放也呈现出明显的差异和特征.旺火阶段方型煤炉具NO_x排放浓度为0.49mg·m^-3,相较于其他类型炉具降低了45%～72%;气化反烧炉具的SO₂排放浓度为1.38mg·m^-3,相较于其他类型炉具最高降低了28%.(3)影响炉具大气污染物排放因素包括应用技术及燃...     

Development of inherent safety and health index for formulated product design

The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method.     

呼和浩特市供暖锅炉冒黑烟严重原因的调查分析

本文对呼和浩特市冬季大气污染情况，就采暖锅炉烟尘排放严重超标的成因进行调查分析，并丰现实条件下通过强人全方位管理、实现改善大气环境质量之目的，提出一些具体措施，具有一定的可操作性和适用性。     

放射性固体废物压缩封装工艺防污染措施

此文在放射性固体废物压缩封装机（详见本刊１９９１年第１２期），的基础上，阐述了其运行过程中的污染设施和防污效果。调查表明，放射性固废压缩封装工艺必须辅以适当的辐射防护措施，宜采取供风和排风相结合的通负形式，使运行车间维持一定的负压。监测数据表明，采取以上措施后，车间和周围环境中的气载放射性核素浓度仅为国标（ＧＢ４７９２－８）ＤＡＣ规定值的１／３０，工作场所表面污染水平均在ＧＢ８７０３－８８给出的控     

如何优化经济欠发达地区农村客运网

经济欠发达地区农村的道路情况和客运网络的建设相对落后,同时,由于受交通不便的制约,农村经济发展速度受到很大的影响,农民出行难的问题仍然没有得到根本上的解决。本文通过对经济欠发达地区农村客运网现状的分析,找出目前造成农村客运网络落后的原因,并提出相应的对策和建议。     

A RAWLSIAN EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION DISTRIBUTION IN INDIA1

ABSTRACT: This paper critically evaluates the nature of irrigation distribution in India using the Rawlsian criterion of equity in dis. tribution and estimates the performance of different states in India according to the Rawlsian notion of fairness in distribution. It is found that there is considerable inequality across farm-size groups in the distribution of irrigated areas in general and canal irrigated areas in particular, and that there are wide interstate differences in the levels of this inequality. Further, it is found that switching over to a Rawlsian based distribution of canal irrigation will help in reducing the levels of inequality in overall irrigation distribution in all states.     

自然保护区生态旅游开发及保护规划探讨——以武夷山自然保护区为例

对自然保护区生态旅游开发意义和特点进行阐述，并以武夷山自然保护区为例，探讨如何制订自然保护区生态旅游保护规划，提出管理监控的内容和方法。     

鄂东南铁矿区地面塌陷、滑坡灾害与安全生产

本文以广山铁矿区所引起的地表塌陷、滑坡等地质灾害为例，阐述了鄂东南铁矿区在采矿过程普温存在地面塌陷、滑坡等地质灾害，严重威胁矿山井下安全生产，并指出了引发灾害的原因及有关安全的防治措施。