《防灾减灾工程学报》的被引分析

利用我国优秀博硕论文全文数据库,探讨了《防灾减灾工程学报》(以下简称《学报》)的被引与共被引。结果表明,《学报》的载文具有较高的学科前沿性、理论性、实用性与综合性;《学报》的博硕论文被引与共被引次数多、层次高,学术影响的学科范围广;防灾减灾工程与土木工程、岩土工程、地震工程、地质工程等多种工程相关性强;《学报》对我国博硕研究生教育情报贡献力大。     

铁路站车生活垃圾热解烟气治理技术分析

基于铁路生活垃圾产生和处置特点,对相应的烟气处理技术进行分析.从铁路站车生活垃圾成分和热解气化炉产生的烟气污染物出发,探讨烟气净化系统工艺中的脱酸、颗粒物、二(噁)英、重金属处理技术.综合考虑治理效率、治理成本、工艺实施的难易程度等,推荐铁路站车生活垃圾热解烟气净化工艺流程,即烟气经二燃室充分燃烧后先经急冷装置降温避开...     

2014—2018年洛阳市大气污染变化特征及影响因素研究

研究采用空气质量指数法对2014—2018年洛阳市大气污染变化特征进行了分析,构建了空气污染物浓度的影响指标体系,采用灰色关联法研究了空气污染物浓度与影响因子之间的关联度,得到了影响空气污染物浓度的主要指标因子,并提出了改善洛阳市空气质量的措施。结果表明:洛阳市空气质量指数类别主要为良和轻度污染。2014—2018年空气质量为优良的天数主要出现在春季、夏季和秋季,重度污染和严重污染主要出现在冬季。2018年PM₁₀、PM_2.5、NO₂、SO₂和CO这5项污染物浓度随时间变化呈"V"型,污染主要集中在1—5月和11—12月。O₃浓度随时间变化呈倒"V"型,污染主要集中在4—9月。研究期内PM_2.5、PM₁₀和O₃是主要污染物。市区总人口、工业(综合)能源消耗量、人均生产总值、城市机动车总数、城市房屋施工面积、人均公园绿地面积、建成区绿化覆盖率和一般工业固体废物产生量等8项指标因子与PM_2.5、PM₁₀和O₃的浓度表现出高关联度或较高关联度。     

基于介度熵的机场飞行区关键冲突点识别*

为了探究机场航班流量增大和作业车辆增多而导致机场飞行区内频繁出现活动目标冲突情况，提出1种基于介度熵的机场飞行区关键冲突点识别方法。首先，以飞行区内活动目标为节点，活动目标之间的潜在冲突关系为连边，建立飞行区交通态势网络模型。然后，采用介度熵法评价交通态势网络中各活动目标的冲突指数，得到冲突指数最大的活动目标即关键冲突点。最后，将介度熵法与度中心性、介数中心性和邻接信息熵3种识别方法进行对比，并以西安咸阳国际机场为例进行验证。研究结果表明:识别飞行区关键冲突点时，介度熵法较其他3种方法更有效。通过建立飞行区交通态势网络，采用介度熵法识别飞行区关键冲突点并进行调配，一定程度上可以有效预防冲突发生，保障飞行区运行安全。     

Socioeconomic development and ecological traits as predictors of human–bird conflicts

Because of the significant impacts on both human interests and bird conservation, it is imperative to identify patterns and anticipate drivers of human–bird conflicts (HBCs) worldwide. Through a global systematic review, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we analyzed the socioeconomic factors and bird ecological traits driving the degree of knowledge and extent of HBCs. We included 166 articles published from 1971 to 2020 in our analyses through which we built a profile of the socioeconomic conditions of 52 countries with reported conflicts and the ecological traits of the 161 bird species involved in HBCs. Although HBC expanded worldwide, it had the greatest impact in less-developed countries (estimate 0. 66 [SE 0.13], p< 0.05), where agriculture is critical for rural livelihoods. Species with a relatively greater conflict extent had a relatively broader diet (estimate 0.80 [SE 0.22], p<0.05) and an increasing population trend (estimate 0.58 [SE 0.15], p<0.05) and affected human interests, such as agriculture and livestock raising. In countries with greater biodiversity, HBCs caused greater socioeconomic impacts than in more developed countries. Our results highlight the importance of understanding and addressing HBCs from multiple perspectives (ecological, sociocultural, and political) to effectively protect both biodiversity and local livelihoods.     

Self-catalytic pyrolysis thermodynamics of waste printed circuit boards with co-existing metals

● The co-existing metals in WPCBs has positive catalytic influence in pyrolysis. ● Cu, Fe, Ni can promote reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. ● Ni play better role in promoting WPCB pyrolysis reaction. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are generated increasingly recent years with the rapid replacement of electric and electronic products. Pyrolysis is considered to be a potential environmentally-friendly technology for recovering organic and metal resources from WPCBs. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis of WPCBs were carried out in this study. It showed that the co-existing metals (Cu, Fe, Ni) in WPCBs have positive self-catalytic influence during the pyrolysis process. To illustrate their catalytic effects, the apparent activation energy was calculated by differential model. Contributions of different reactions during catalytic pyrolysis process was studied and the mechanism function was obtained by Šesták-Berggren model. The results showed that Cu, Fe, Ni can promote the reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. Among the three metals, Ni plays better catalytic role than Cu, then Fe. This work provides theoretical base for understanding the three metals’ catalytic influence during the pyrolysis of non-metal powders in WPCBs.     

济南市夏季甲醛时空分布特征及对臭氧污染的影响

基于Sentinel-5P卫星遥感数据,分析济南市2019—2021年夏季甲醛浓度的时空分布特征及对臭氧污染的影响。结果表明：研究期间夏季甲醛平均柱浓度呈逐年下降趋势,2020年同比降幅最大为24%;甲醛浓度高值区域主要分布在人口密集的市区及工业聚集的章丘区、济阳区和商河县,呈现由城市中心向外扩散的趋势;甲醛浓度受周边城市的影响,形成一条东西向的区域化污染带;甲醛对臭氧的影响主要表现在臭氧污染轻度或污染初期,而氮氧化物的排放进一步加重臭氧污染。