桥式起重机结构可靠性失效准则与剩余寿命评估准则

针对确定可靠性失效准则和剩余寿命评估准则时,未与起重机结构实际相结合的特点,笔者将机电类特种设备钢结构系统的可靠性分析失效准则与结构剩余寿命评估准则有机的统一起来,以桥式起重机结构系统为研究对象,确定了桥式起重机钢结构系统的具体失效准则,即从静强度、疲劳强度、刚度、整体稳定性、局部稳定性以及最大失效路径长度等多方面进行评价。通过对桥式起重机起重量摄动引起刚度失效比重变化结果对比,验证了结果的正确性。该方法可为起重机可靠性与剩余寿命评估做好前期准备,为机电类特种设备安全评估方法提供一条新理论新思路。     

水电站大型起重平衡梁的安全检测与复核

对某水电站桥式起重机并车抬吊使用的大型平衡梁系统进行了全面的安全检测与复核,获取了有效的数据与信息,并据此对平衡梁的安全状况进行了评估,为同类吊具的安全检测提供参考.     

铁路交通噪声对鸟类生态环境的影响预测评价

由于鸟类的听觉频率范围与人类不同,以往基于A计权声压级的噪声测量方法,用于鸟类声环境的监测评价并不准确。以广东省江门市新会区“小鸟天堂”风景名胜区为例,开展铁路交通噪声对鸟类生态环境的影响研究。首先,通过实地调查,对鸟类生态区的多个监测点进行声环境线性频谱测量;其次,根据新茂铁路新会段的规划布局,采用模式预测法计算铁路运行期间在监测点产生的交通噪声频谱,并与铁路运行前实地测量的现状频谱叠加;在此基础上,进一步探讨铁路交通噪声对鸟类生态区声环境的影响以及预防措施。研究结果表明,列车运行时在鸟类良好听觉频率范围的噪声增量可达10~30dB,将严重影响鸟类声环境;当采取全封闭声屏障防护措施之后,可有效降低“小鸟天堂”景区范围的噪声。     

起重机联轴器断裂事故仿真模拟

为了预防起重机事故发生,培养工科大学生的安全意识和安全思维,对起重机联轴器断裂事故进行仿真模拟。利用SolidWorks对起重机进行建模及装配,模型装配体另存为.wrl格式,导入3DS Max中进行仿真模拟动画制作,结果表明,可以再现起重机事故的发生过程。事故仿真模拟对事故原因分析以及起重机安全使用具有重要的指导意义。     

基于物联网的塔式起重机安全监控系统

为减少塔式起重机事故的发生概率,顺应信息化监测技术迅速发展的行业背景,提出一套基于物联网的塔式起重机安全监控系统.首先设计塔式起重机安全监控系统架构,结合其结构特点提出传感器布置方案.然后针对结构安全和安拆作业程序安全2个方面,以国家强制性标准为依据设置监测指标、预警阈值和预警等级;最后结合实际工程项目对监控系统方案进...     

不同吨位行车组合抬吊安全技术方案

使用不同吨位的行车进行组合抬吊,首先要考虑安全技术上的可行性,对重量的分配必须经过精确计算;其次是组织措施,要确保方案有序、顺利地进行;最后要对操作人员的个人技能和相互配合提出很高的要求.三者互为补充,缺一不可,才能实现方案的成功实施.     

Performance and emission characteristic studies on CRDI diesel engine fuelled with plastic pyrolysis oil blended with ethanol and diesel

ABSTRACT

This paper mainly focuses on the utilisation of plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO) and its’ blends with diesel and ethanol in different proportions in a modified diesel engine fitted with common rail direct injection (CRDI) facility. PPO was subsequently blended with diesel and ethanol and characterisation has been done. Experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of injection timing (IT) and injection pressure (IP) on the performance of modified CRDI engine fuelled with PPO and its blends with diesel and ethanol. From the experimental investigations, IT of 10°bTDC and IP of 900 bar were found as best operating parameters to obtain maximum brake thermal efficiency (BTE) with lowered emissions for the fuel combinations utilised in the investigations. PPO as substitute to diesel fuel could be viable if its major concern is to finding permanent resources.     

GX-B型可预置限位报警器的研制与应用

介绍了GX-B型可预置限位报警器的工作原理、主要技术指标、操作使用和维护检查与注意事项,分析了它的推广应用前景.     

Workspace design for crane cabins applying a combined traditional approach and the Taguchi method for design of experiments

Procedures in the development process of crane cabins are arbitrary and subjective. Since approximately 42% of incidents in the construction industry are linked to them, there is a need to collect fresh anthropometric data and provide additional recommendations for design. In this paper, dimensioning of the crane cabin interior space was carried out using a sample of 64 crane operators’ anthropometric measurements, in the Republic of Serbia, by measuring workspace with 10 parameters using nine measured anthropometric data from each crane operator. This paper applies experiments run via full factorial designs using a combined traditional and Taguchi approach. The experiments indicated which design parameters are influenced by which anthropometric measurements and to what degree. The results are expected to be of use for crane cabin designers and should assist them to design a cabin that may lead to less strenuous sitting postures and fatigue for operators, thus improving safety and accident prevention.     

深化车机联控保障行车安全

论述了铁路行车安全车机联控的认识、基本做法和明显效果，提出了深化车机联控的建议。