某矿区典型井巷支护体检测及数值模拟分析

为了评估某矿区井下不良地质环境对井巷支护体混凝土强度的影响,了解现役井巷支护结构的实际性能,有针对性地选择了11个典型单体项目,采用非破损检测方法——钻芯取样法,对其支护体混凝土强度进行了取样、检测及评定工作。检测结果表明,支护体混凝土实际强度普遍低于设计强度等级。在检测结果的基础上,进一步采用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对其中的一立井主井井筒和一井底车场平巷支护结构的实际性能分别进行初步的数值模拟分析。数值模拟结果表明,所检测的单体项目井巷支护体混凝土强度可基本满足矿山生产要求。     

现役钢筋混凝土受弯构件残余承载力计算模型

本文基于钢筋混凝土结构理论及锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件的力学性能的变化规律,建立了钢筋混凝土构件残余承载力的计算模型,并通过实验验证了计算模型的有效性.模型的物理概念明确、简单实用,可供现役混凝土结构的耐久性评估及维修决策参考.     

钢管混凝土柱耐火性能和抗火设计的特点

简要论述了按ISO－834和GS9978－88规定的标准升温曲线升温作用下钢管混凝土柱耐火性能的特点,分析了影响钢管混凝土柱耐火极限的因素,说明了由于钢管和混凝土的共同工作且核心混凝土具有较好的吸热性能,从而使钢管混凝土柱具有较好的耐火性能。在进行钢管钢混凝土柱的抗火设计时,柱子外围只需进行适当的防火涂料保护,即可达到《高层用民建筑设计防火规范（GB50045－95）》对柱结构所要求的耐火极限。《高层用民建筑设计防火规范（GB50045－95）》中对钢结构柱防火保护层厚度的确定方法不适合于钢管混凝土。     

废弃混凝土中钙离子的提取实验研究

废弃混凝土间接碳酸化封存CO2的重要一步是将Ca2+从混凝土中提取出来。论文对废弃混凝土中Ca2+的提取进行了研究,主要考察了提取溶剂、混凝土粒径、温度和固液比等对Ca2+提取过程的影响。对不同的提取溶剂进行了比较,发现HNO3作为溶剂时Ca2+提取率最高,其次为CH3COOH、HCOOH和H2SO4。减小混凝土粒径可有效提高Ca2+提取率。对粒径小于0.15 mm的混凝土,Ca2+提取率随温度升高而增大,其最佳固液比为40 g/L。粒径大于0.25 mm时,最佳固液比为20 g/L,温度的影响明显减弱。将Ca2+提取实验结果与XRD、SEM表征结合,发现废弃混凝土提取过程中SiO2惰性层的出现是限制Ca2+提取率进一步提高的重要原因。     

一种新型的裂缝计

通常光测法、摄像法、裂缝显微镜法仅能测量已有旧裂缝的宽度,超声波法和冲击弹性波法仅能测量裂缝的深度,声发射、传感器法和光纤传感网络法可测量正在发生的裂缝。当对于已有裂缝在荷载作用下的动态变化目前还没有一种行之有效的测量方法。为此利用双悬臂梁和应变原理研制成功一种新型裂缝计,可准确测量结构、构件表面已有裂缝在荷载作用下裂缝开合大小或表面动态应变。该仪器具有抗振动干扰的特点,即被测点的振动不产生电量输出,仅在被测裂缝开合或混凝土表面产生应变时才有输出。该裂缝计已获得国家专利。该裂缝计已在哈尔滨、佳木斯等几个桥梁的裂缝检测中得到应用,获得理想的效果,得到铁道部好评。论文介绍了裂缝计的结构原理和技术性能。     

Study on recycled asphalt concrete for use in surface course in airport pavement

This research investigated the possibility of using recycled asphalt concrete as surface course in airport pavement. The basic properties of recycled asphalt binder after short- and long-term aging were firstly tested and compared with those of the virgin asphalt. Then, a series of laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the performance of recycled asphalt concrete (containing 40% and 70% RAP), in which the HMA mixture without RAP was used as a control. Furthermore, an experimental pavement consisting of three sections (corresponding to 0%, 40% and 70% RAP content) was constructed to verify the laboratory test results. These results indicated that the recycled asphalt could achieve the similar properties against long-term aging as virgin asphalt. Recycled asphalt concrete containing 40% RAP could be used as surface course in airport pavement as it exhibited similar performance as control mixture both from the laboratory and experimental pavement test results. On the contrary, recycled asphalt concrete containing 70% RAP was not recommended as its fatigue property was much poorer compared with that of virgin asphalt mixture.     

混凝土结构使役环境中温度智能模拟LabVIEW软件设计

本项目结合湖北省科技计划自然科学基金项目“混凝土结构使役环境的智能模拟”,在WTST-150试验机硬件平台基础上,以LabVIEW8．5为开发平台,设计了一套混凝土结构使役环境中温度智能模拟LabVIEW软件,主要包括能初始化程序、温度采集与显示子程序、温度PID控制子程序、温度存储和查询子程序。经投入实验验证,该软件能实现实时曲线显示、温度控制、试验状态和保存试验数据、数据查询、手动加热、分配温度通道、PID控制参数整定、制冷、读入温度曲线等功能。具有实时在线循环检测、采集数据、响应快速等优点,并具有良好的故障诊断能力和可维护性以及超强的纠错能力。本软件完善了WTST-150试验机的温度控制系统,使其更加符合实际工况。     

Study on the mechanical and environmental properties of concrete containing cathode ray tube glass aggregate

Cathode ray tube (CRT) glass is considered a hazardous material due to its lead toxicity. In addition, current disposal practices are being phased out due to their adverse environmental impacts. In this project, CRT glass was used as a fine aggregate replacement in concrete. Life-cycle material characterization was conducted by evaluating the durability and strength of the CRT-Concrete. Leaching tests were also conducted to investigate whether the material meets drinking water limits for Pb. Test results show that the plastic state of the CRT-Concrete was affected by the angularity of the glass particles. Moreover, the compressive strength of CRT-Concrete met and exceeded that of the control specimen. However, CRT-Concrete was susceptible to expansive alkali-silica reactions when more than 10% CRT replacement was used. Environmental leaching results show that lead concentrations from CRT-Concrete are below the drinking water limits depending on the CRT volume replacement and if biopolymers are used.     

Leaching assessment of concrete made of recycled coarse aggregate: Physical and environmental characterisation of aggregates and hardened concrete

Each year, millions of tonnes of waste are generated worldwide, partially through the construction and demolition of buildings. Recycling the resulting waste could reduce the amount of materials that need to be manufactured. Accordingly, the present work has analysed the potential reuse of construction waste in concrete manufacturing by replacing the natural aggregate with recycled concrete coarse aggregate.However, incorporating alternative materials in concrete manufacturing may increase the pollutant potential of the product, presenting an environmental risk via ground water contamination.The present work has tested two types of concrete batches that were manufactured with different replacement percentages. The experimental procedure analyses not only the effect of the portion of recycled aggregate on the physical properties of concrete but also on the leaching behaviour as indicative of the contamination degree. Thus, parameters such as slump, density, porosity and absorption of hardened concrete, were studied. Leaching behaviour was evaluated based on the availability test performed to three aggregates (raw materials of the concrete batches) and on the diffusion test performed to all concrete.From an environmental point of view, the question of whether the cumulative amount of heavy metals that are released by diffusion reaches the availability threshold was answered. The analysis of concentration levels allowed the establishment of different groups of metals according to the observed behaviour, the analysis of the role of pH and the identification of the main release mechanisms. Finally, through a statistical analysis, physical parameters and diffusion data were interrelated. It allowed estimating the relevance of porosity, density and absorption of hardened concrete on diffusion release of the metals in study.     

考虑拦污栅-坝体相互作用的混凝土重力坝抗震安全性分析

对考虑拦污栅-坝体的动力相互作用的弹性连接和刚性连接的拦污栅-坝体以及不作耦联分析的拦污栅-坝体这三种不同模型结构形式的动力特性和动力响应进行了比较分析。研究发现,拦污栅的不同模型结构形式对大坝的抗震安全性分析有重要影响,考虑拦污栅-坝体的动力相互作用后,坝体损伤开裂的程度明显加大,坝顶的水平位移响应也明显提高。按《规范》规定的对拦污栅和坝体不作耦联分析的抗震计算方法,所得结果对坝体是偏于不安全的,而如考虑拦污栅-坝体之间的弹性连接,所得结果则是偏于安全的。