烟气脱硫设施运行及脱硫电价实时监控系统设计

由于缺乏有效监管手段,目前脱硫设施实际投运情况不理想。设计了一套B/S架构的烟气脱硫设施运行及脱硫电价实时监控系统,分为数据采集、数据通讯、数据处理及发布3个子系统。选择能全面反映脱硫设施运行状况的28个信号,采用"共享-分流"信号防伪采集技术进行采集,通过电力系统内载波电话拨号与无线GPRS两种通讯方式相互竞争、互为备用来实现可靠通讯,并经过软件防伪判别模块和统计运算后以WEB形式发布。数据以5m in的间隔实时刷新,且每小时更新脱硫投入率、脱硫电价款等报表数据。     

山东省的干旱化特征分析

利用山东省近50多年的农业旱灾灾情资料和降水资料，分析了干旱灾情和致灾因子的变化特征。结果指出：20世纪70年代后期以来，6—9月份西太平洋副高脊线位置偏南，山东省的汛期降水量有明显的减少趋势，导致干旱灾害的受灾面积明显增大。进入90年代以后，与1961—1976年相比，干燥度指数普遍增大，半岛东部及黄河以北地区干燥程度增大得最为明显，半岛东部、鲁东南及鲁南的大部分地区由湿润区演变成了半湿润区，而黄河以北绝大部分地区及鲁中北部、半岛西北部的局部地区则由半湿润区演变成了半干旱地区。造成干燥度变化的主要原因是降水量的变化，其次是积温的变化。     

Computing sustainable manufacturing index with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

The growing industrial interest in adopting sustainability programmes has ushered in studies regarding sustainability indicators which have continually flourished in current literature. However, limited attention is given to the development of priority ranking, which is an important input for any adopting firm. This paper presents a hybrid multi-criteria approach in determining priority areas in sustainable manufacturing (SM). Using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to address uncertainty in hierarchical decision-making, this paper determines SM priority strategies and eventually identifies even lower level strategies. The computed sustainable manufacturing index is presented at both the organizational and operational levels for a real case study of an industrial plastic manufacturing firm. This work provides a detailed and transparent hierarchical decision-making approach based on SM framework, the use of which could be valuable to practicing managers across industries in their pursuit of greater sustainability.     

三峡库区大农业的自然环境现状与预警分析

根据系统序化的观点，分析了库区大农业主要环境因子的具有代表性指标的数量和警式线，并进行了对比，发现它们都处地逆向演替或退化之中。这对三峡水库和库区大农业均十分有害。说明库区大农业的环境恶劣或恶化，应处于警式状态之中。其主要原因是长期向自然过度索取，以牺牲环境为代价，发展人口和物质的生产。建议进一步研究大农业及其环境的调控；把对环境的逐步补救和防止新的破坏结合起来，开展新的生态建设工程。     

AQUIFER PARAMETERS FROM CONSTANT DRAWDOWN NONSTEADY-LEAKY TYPE CURVES1

ABSTRACT: A drain function and set of type curves were defined for the mathematical solution that represents one-dimensional flow under nonsteady conditions in a leaky aquifer for the constant drawdown boundary condition. A match point procedure was developed for determining the aquifer parameters transmissivity, storage coefficient, and leakance based on the drain function and type curves. Use of the procedure is illustrated by an example that utilizes simulated aquifer drawdowns and flowrate data. The drain function and type curves developed in this investigation include the effects of leakage for the constant drawdown boundary condition, which is not included in the existing drain function and type curve found in the literature. Thus, a new set of type curves was developed that can be used to analyze drawdowns for one-dimensional flow in a leaky aquifer with constant drawdown at a line sink. Applications would include flow to a canal or river, drainage of agricultural lands, and dewatering associated with strip mining operations.     

A closer look at detectability

Environmental and Ecological Statistics - The theory underlying line transect and variable circular plot surveys—distance sampling—begins with an assumed detectability function, giving...     

Conditional and unconditional estimators of population size

Estimators for the population sizes of animal species are similar to Horvitz-Thompson estimators — they involve dividing counts of detected animals by the probabilities of detection. Knowing detection probabilities for different subpopulations allows one to estimate each sub-population size with such an estimator, and to add the results for an estimator of the total population. In the case where the proportions of animals belonging to the different sub-populations are also known, this paper shows that using those proportions to arrive at a common average detection probability will, when used in conjunction with the total number of animals detected, result in a better estimator. We provide two examples where the inferior estimator may seem sensible.     

弯曲线不重合V形件的模具设计

弯曲线不重合且其精度要求较高的V形件的弯曲,是一较为棘手的问题。本文介绍了一种利用顶板侧壁的斜面,迫使下模框内摆块转动,从而克服工件回弹,并确保弯曲精度的V形弯曲模的设计。     

Bioenergy to mitigate for climate change and meet the needs of society,the economy and the environment

Changes towards environmental improvementsare becoming more politically acceptableglobally, especially in developedcountries. Society is slowly moving towardsseeking more sustainable productionmethods, waste minimisation, reduced airpollution from vehicles, distributed energygeneration, conservation of native forests,and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions. Modern biomass, when used tosupply useful bioenergy services, has arole to play in each one of theseenvironmental drivers at both the large andsmall scales.This paper describes recent developments inbiomass supply and the technologies for itsconversion to bioenergy including biofuelsfor transport. It examines the economic,environmental and social benefits andidentifies barriers to bioenergy projectimplementation. Future opportunities forbiomass as a carbon (C) sink, a C offsetand a potential source of renewablehydrogen are discussed.Whether or not a bioenergy project iseconomically viable, as well as being trulyrenewable, sustainable and environmentallysound, is determined mainly by the sourceof biomass. The social benefits from usingbiomass are also valuable, though they areoften not clearly presented when proposingnew bioenergy projects or conductinganalyses of existing plants. Employmentrates per MWh or per GJ exceed those whenusing fossil fuel supplies to provide thesame energy service. `Ownership' bystakeholders and local communities at anearly stage in the development process isthe key to successful project developmentin order to share the benefits. Bioenergyhas a significant global role to play inthe mitigation of atmospheric GHG concentrations.     

复合板热处理过程中温度变化的数值分析

根据非稳定热传导基本方程式积分得到离散化方程式,编写出计算程序,利用计算机求出复合板在热处理过程中各结点随时间而变化的温度,绘出等温线,以研究复合板经升温固化处理后的理想冷却方法.