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91.
Burger J Gochfeld M Powers CW Waishwell L Warren C Goldstein BD 《Environmental management》2001,27(4):501-514
In recent years there has been a startling rise in the issuance of fish consumption advisories. Unfortunately, compliance
by the public is often low. Low compliance can be due to a number of factors, including confusion over the meaning of advisories,
conflicting advisories issued by different agencies, controversies involving health benefits versus the risks from consuming
fish, and an unwillingness to act on the advisories because of personal beliefs. In some places, such as along the Savannah
River, one state (South Carolina) had issued a consumption advisory while the other (Georgia) had not, although at present,
both states now issue consumption advisories for the Savannah River. Herein we report on the development of a fish fact sheet
to address the confusing and conflicting information available to the public about consuming fish from the Savannah River.
The process involved interviewing fishers to ascertain fishing and consumption patterns, evaluating contaminant levels and
exposure pathways, discussing common grounds for the provision of information, and consensus-building among different regulatory
agencies (US Environmental Protection Agency, South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Georgia Department
of Natural Resources) and the Department of Energy. Consensus, a key ingredient in solving many different types of “commons”
problems, was aided by an outside organization, the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP).
The initial role for CRESP was to offer scientific data as a basis for groups with different assumptions about risks to reach
agreement on a regulatory response action. The process was an example of how credible science can be used to implement management
and policies and provide a basis for consensus-building on difficult risk communication issues. The paper provides several
lessons for improving the risk process from stakeholder conflicts, through risk assessment, to risk management. It also suggests
that consensus-building and risk communication are continuing processes that involve assimilation of new information on contaminants
and food-chain processes, state and federal law, public policy, and public response. 相似文献
92.
通过对我国森林环境现状的分析,提出了森林业当前存在的主要问题,并结合我国的国情与林情,对适合我国森林环境修复的对策与途径进行了深入的探讨. 相似文献
93.
Nora E. Restrepo-Sánchez Liliana Acevedo-BetancourthBeatriz Henao-Murillo Carlos Peláez-Jaramillo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
We studied the dynamics of mercury (Hg) transfer in Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown in soil with Hg-doped compost at the maximum levels permitted by Colombian law on organic amendments. Quantitative evaluation of transfer was made in different plant organs: roots, stem, leaves, pods and seeds. Matrix effect was determined in doped soil assays, using soil with and without addition of compost. Results showed that the use of organic matter reduced Hg transfer to the plant and the amount transferred was differentially distributed to the organs. We observed an inverse relationship between concentration and distance from the body to the root. It was evident that transfer was mediated by quantitative factors; the greater the presence of mercury in soil, the larger the amount that will be transferred. Results also indicate the remedial effect of compost and the presence of a barrier, at the root level, against mercury translocation to the plant aerial parts. 相似文献
94.
Nora E. Restrepo-Sánchez Liliana Acevedo-Betancourth Beatriz Henao-Murillo Carlos Peláez-Jaramillo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(5):61-67
We studied the dynamics of mercury (Hg) transfer in Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown in soil with Hg-doped compost at the maximum levels permitted by Colombian law on organic amendments. Quantitative evaluation of transfer was made in different plant organs: roots, stem, leaves, pods and seeds. Matrix effect was determined in doped soil assays, using soil with and without addition of compost. Results showed that the use of organic matter reduced Hg transfer to the plant and the amount transferred was differentially distributed to the organs. We observed an inverse relationship between concentration and distance from the body to the root. It was evident that transfer was mediated by quantitative factors; the greater the presence of mercury in soil, the larger the amount that will be transferred. Results also indicate the remedial effect of compost and the presence of a barrier, at the root level, against mercury translocation to the plant aerial parts. 相似文献
95.
小微景观水体环境容量小,自净能力低,易出现水质浑浊、藻类爆发等现象。常见的治理技术包括物理治理技术、化学治理技术和生物修复技术。在实际治理过程中,应采用多技术联用的综合治理方法,才能实现改善水质、恢复生态平衡、美化水景的目标。 相似文献
96.
为明确地下水污染修复技术在世界范围的研究布局和发展态势,本研究基于智慧芽全球专利数据库对1989-2018年地下水污染修复技术专利进行计量学统计,并探讨该技术的研究布局、研究重点及授权趋势。结果显示,从申请量来看,世界范围内地下水污染修复技术涉及的申请量逐渐增长,但绝对申请量和专利授权比相对较低,地下水污染修复技术研发的重视程度依然不够,有待进一步加强;中国是该技术领域主要专利申请国,也是最大的技术来源国;科研单位在该领域的研发实力显著高于企业机构。基于以上研究,认为今后应加强研发,并且创造高效经济的地下水污染修复技术,注重科研机构与企业单位合作及已有专利成果的转化,促进专利的市场应用,使其发挥更大的社会和经济效益。 相似文献
97.
重金属污染土壤及场地的治理工作迫在眉睫,植物修复技术以其成本低、不破坏土壤生态环境、无二次污染、易被公众接受等优点,受到了学术界的广泛关注.近年来,国内外在植物修复技术的植物资源筛选、调控技术、修复植物产后处理等方面进行了广泛的研究.植物修复已经从实验室阶段走向了田间示范和推广应用阶段.现就近年来植物修复技术在重金属污... 相似文献
98.
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100.
Multi-stage optimal design for groundwater remediation: A hybrid bi-level programming approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents the development of a hybrid bi-level programming approach for supporting multi-stage groundwater remediation design. To investigate remediation performances, a subsurface model was employed to simulate contaminant transport. A mixed-integer nonlinear optimization model was formulated in order to evaluate different remediation strategies. Multivariate relationships based on a filtered stepwise clustering analysis were developed to facilitate the incorporation of a simulation model within a nonlinear optimization framework. By using the developed statistical relationships, predictions needed for calculating the objective function value can be quickly obtained during the search process. The main advantage of the developed approach is that the remediation strategy can be adjusted from stage to stage, which makes the optimization more realistic. The proposed approach was examined through its application to a real-world aquifer remediation case in western Canada. The optimization results based on this application can help the decision makers to comprehensively evaluate remediation performance. 相似文献