Development of inherent safety and health index for formulated product design

The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method.     

膜分离技术在油气回收中的应用

在油品储运、销售、应用过程中，存在着大量的油品蒸发损耗。可用膜分离技术来分离回收轻质油品蒸发排放出来的油气。介绍膜法油气回收的分离机理、应用实例和工艺设计数据，综合比较常用的吸收法、吸附法、冷凝法及膜法油气回收技术并获得各自的量化分值，认为膜法回收技术为目前较有可能及较容易取得突破成果的研究领域。最后指出今后的研究重点。     

一种新型静电油烟净化器的研制与应用

应用高压静电原理，采用多电场模块组合技术，将烹饪过程中产生的油烟、热裂解尘雾、燃料烟尘在静电和电场的作用下电荷、吸附及氧化，达到净化油烟、除去烟尘、除去异味的作用，电场内所产生的臭氧还能杀菌，去除异味和有害气体。利用高压静电研制的油烟净化器比湿式油烟净化器、过滤式的油烟净化器有更大的优越性和应用前景。     

上海地区SO2污染现状和趋势分析

根据上海市监测系统长期监测资料，对上海地区大气中ＳＯ２的污染现状进行了综合分析，并总结出ＳＯ２的时空分布规律与特征。应用秩相关系数法，对１９８６￣１９９５年的１０年ＳＯ２浓度均值进行了年际变化趋势检验，同时从最大值、超标率及高浓度日出现天数等不同的侧面，进行了年际变化趋势分析，以充分的证明表明，上海市ＳＯ２年际变化呈显著下降趋势。     

金属基复合材料的发展趋势

本文回顾了金属基复合材料的沿革与发展,描述了颗粒增强金属基复合材料的研究概况,介绍了金属基复合材料的发展趋势及最新进展,提出了“抢占新材料的制高点,以推动我国高科技领域的持续稳定发展”的观点。     

我国建筑装饰材料的发展趋势

本文以现代的新型建筑装饰材料和人们未来的发展需要为依据，论述未来我国建筑装饰材料发展的趋势。     

The irish sea: Towards a more effective science strategy

The Irish Sea's distinctive hydrographic features present unique opportunities for research into the complex processes that regulate shelf-sea ecosystems. Such studies are essential in developing capabilities to detect and evaluate change in marine environments. A 1993 review showed almost 230 projects underway on the Irish Sea, spanning all the major fields of marine science. But a large proportion of research projects failed to indicate the purpose of the work; overall, there was a remarkable absence of clarity and specificity in the objectives. Progress in some fields is also hampered by insufficient coordination and cohesion; at present there are no standing arrangements between Ireland and the United Kingdom that provide for bilateral, co-ordination of scientific work in the area. There is clearly a need for a more planned and integrated Irish Sea science programme to provide information for management purposes and also to advance scientific understanding of the components and functions of Irish Sea ecosystems, and how and why they change with time. There is a common belief that the first of these predominantly involves monitoring, and the second research. However, the paper cautions that this is a dubious and unnecessary distinction. A strategy aimed at better integration of research and monitoring (e.g. a framework of linked objectives and targets) could substantially increase the information dividend from current investments in Irish Sea science. Based on a joint Irish/UK review, this paper outlines studies and approaches that are seen as key elements of a future, more relevant and costeffective research programme for the Irish Sea.     

汉江干流水质现状与变化趋势分析

对汉江干流水质现状进行了分析评价并探讨了主要监测指标的变化趋势。指出汉江水质以 、 类为主,总体较好,襄樊白家湾以上河段的水质明显好于下游河段,水质相对较差的断面主要是城镇控制断面。汉江主要污染物是总磷。水质在不同水期的变化为:平水期好于丰水期,丰水期好于枯水期。16年间,高锰酸盐指数和氨氮分别有37.5%和25%的断面年均值呈上升趋势。     

呼和浩特市地表水水质变化趋势分析

对黄河(过境)、大黑河水系及浑河水系十年水质检测结果进行综合分析,揭示其变化趋势,并针对各河流污染断面提出急需解决的问题.     

关于钢铁厂矿渣综合利用的研究

勃利县钢铁厂炼铁车间,每年都要排出四万多立方米的急冷水萃矿渣,污染河流、吞食耕田,不能充分有效利用.然而利用钢铁厂碱度大于1.4的急冷水萃矿渣和勃利县的斜发沸石为主要成分,加入适量的有机和无机助剂,经过特殊工艺,复合制成的新型砂浆及混凝土的掺和料,无毒无味,充分利用了钢铁厂的废渣,变废为宝.用该掺和料配制的不同强度等级的抹面砂浆、砌筑砂浆,不仅可以大量取代水泥,降低工程造价,而且可以改变砂浆的和易性、保水性,提高砂浆的强度和耐久性.