全文获取类型
收费全文 | 33030篇 |
免费 | 2415篇 |
国内免费 | 5519篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 5973篇 |
废物处理 | 612篇 |
环保管理 | 4791篇 |
综合类 | 17830篇 |
基础理论 | 3184篇 |
环境理论 | 18篇 |
污染及防治 | 2734篇 |
评价与监测 | 1643篇 |
社会与环境 | 2287篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1892篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 130篇 |
2023年 | 582篇 |
2022年 | 946篇 |
2021年 | 1173篇 |
2020年 | 1210篇 |
2019年 | 956篇 |
2018年 | 810篇 |
2017年 | 1172篇 |
2016年 | 1354篇 |
2015年 | 1354篇 |
2014年 | 1492篇 |
2013年 | 1872篇 |
2012年 | 2324篇 |
2011年 | 2462篇 |
2010年 | 1780篇 |
2009年 | 1887篇 |
2008年 | 1425篇 |
2007年 | 2240篇 |
2006年 | 2265篇 |
2005年 | 1874篇 |
2004年 | 1602篇 |
2003年 | 1632篇 |
2002年 | 1374篇 |
2001年 | 1175篇 |
2000年 | 1025篇 |
1999年 | 1013篇 |
1998年 | 716篇 |
1997年 | 582篇 |
1996年 | 447篇 |
1995年 | 402篇 |
1994年 | 381篇 |
1993年 | 335篇 |
1992年 | 231篇 |
1991年 | 160篇 |
1990年 | 109篇 |
1989年 | 64篇 |
1988年 | 68篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 33篇 |
1985年 | 37篇 |
1984年 | 28篇 |
1983年 | 32篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
1971年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 22 毫秒
941.
V. Krishna Prasad K.V.S. Badarinath H. Tsuruta S. Sudo S. Yonemura John Cardina Benjamin Stinner Richard Moore Deborah Stinner Casey Hoy 《The Environmentalist》2003,23(2):175-187
Forests and soils are a major sink of carbon, and land use changes can affect the magnitude of above ground and below ground carbon stores and the net flux of carbon between the land and the atmosphere. Studies on methods for examining the future consequences of changes in patterns of land use change and carbon flux gains importance, as they provide different options for CO2 mitigation strategies. In this study, a simulation approach combining Markov chain processes and carbon pools for forests and soils has been implemented to study the carbon flows over a period of time. Markov chains have been computed by converting the land use change and forestry data of India from 1997 to 1999 into a matrix of conditional probabilities reflecting the changes from one class at time t to another class time t+1. Results from Markov modeling suggested Indian forests as a potential sink for 0.94 Gt carbon, with an increase in dense forest area of about 75.93 Mha and decrease of about 3.4 Mha and 5.0 Mha in open and scrub forests, if similar land use changes that occurred during 1997–1999 would continue. The limiting probabilities suggested 34.27 percent as dense forest, 6.90 as open forest, 0.4 percent mangrove forest, 0.1 percent scrub and 58 percent as non-forest area. Although Indian forests are found to be a potential carbon sink, analysis of results from transition probabilities for different years till 2050 suggests that, the forests will continue to be a source of about 20.59 MtC to the atmosphere. The implications of these results in the context of increasing anthropogenic pressure on open and scrub forests and their contribution to carbon source from land use change and forestry sector are discussed. Some of the mitigation aspects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from land use change and forestry sector in India are also reviewed in the study. 相似文献
942.
Anne Ingeborg Myhr Terje Traavik 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2003,16(3):227-247
Risk governance of GM plants and GMfood products is presently subject to heatedscientific and public controversies. Scientistsand representatives of the biotechnologyindustry have dominated debates concerningsafety issues. The public is suspicious withregard to the motives of scientists, companies,and political institutions involved. Thedilemmas posed are nested, embracing valuequestions, scientific uncertainty, andcontextual issues. The obvious lack of data andinsufficient information concerning ecologicaleffects call for application of thePrecautionary Principle (PP). There are,however, divergent opinions among scientistsabout the relevance of putative hazards,definition of potential ``adverse effects,' andwhether actions should be taken to preventharm. The reliance on the concept ofsubstantial equivalence in safety evaluation ofGM food is equally controversial. Consequently,value assumptions embedded in a scientificframework may be a barrier for employment ofthe PP. One of our major conclusions is thatprecautionary GMP usage requires riskassessment criteria yet undeveloped, as well asbroader and more long-term conceptions of risk,uncertainty, and ignorance. Conflicts ofinterest and public participation are otherissues that need to be taken intoconsideration. GMP governance regimes that arejustifiable from a precautionary and ethicalpoint of view must transcend traditionalscientific boundaries to include alternativescientific perspectives as well as publicinvolvement. 相似文献
943.
This paper discusses the adsorption capacity of silica gel sludge for phenol removal from aqueous solution. Kinetic experiments showed that phenol adsorption was completed after 2 h. Adsorption isotherms were measured for phenol from aqueous solution onto silica gel sludge under various pHs and temperatures. Results showed that the adsorption capacities for phenol was increased as pH decreased from 6.5 to 2. Temperature also was found to affect the adsorption isotherm. As temperature increases from 30 to 50°C, the adsorption capacity increases. The adsorption equilibrium of phenol on silica gel sludge was described by the linear Freundlich and Langmuir models. Furthermore, results showed that the isotherm parameters fit both linearized Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The Freundlich and Langmuir parameters at optimum pH was found as K
f=2.89, 1/n=0.23 and K
d=22.0, q
m=7.98, respectively. Whereas, for those at optimum temperature it was observed as K
f=2.87, 1/n=0.16 and K
d=20.93, q
m=7.91, respectively. 相似文献
944.
Assya Pascalev 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2003,16(6):583-594
Thus far, the moral debateconcerning genetically modified foods (GMF) hasfocused on extrinsic consequentialist questionsabout the health effects, environmental impacts,and economic benefits of such foods. Thisextrinsic approach to the morality of GMF isdependent on unsubstantiated empirical claimsand fails to account for the intrinsic moralvalue of food and food choice and theirconnection to the agent's concept of the goodlife. I develop a set of objections to GMFgrounded in the concept of integrity andmaintain that food and food choice can beintimately connected to the agent's personalintegrity. I argue that due to the constitutionof GMF and the manner in which they areproduced, such foods are incompatible with thefundamental values and integrity of certainindividual moral agents or groups. I identifythree types of integrity that are threatened byGMF: religious, consumer, and integrity basedon certain other moral or metaphysical grounds.I maintain that these types of integrity aresufficiently important to provide justificationfor political and societal actions to protectthe interests of those affected. I conclude byproposing specific steps for handling GMFconsistent with the moral principles ofinformed consent, non-maleficence, and respectfor the integrity of all members of society.They include mandatory labeling of GMF, theimplementation of a system for control andregulations concerning such foods, andguaranteed provision of conventional foods. 相似文献
945.
论述了用市场化模式解决三峡库区城市污水处理场和垃圾处理场的建设和运营问题,并提出了市场化的总体架构。 相似文献
946.
947.
青藏铁路的环境与安全 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
概述了青藏铁路线的环境特征,立足于青藏铁路及其周边环境构成一个相互影响的系统,重点分析了青藏高原环境对青藏铁路安全的危害和铁路建设与运营对环境构成的负面影响,并针对两个方面分别提出了相应的对策,对促进铁路安全保障和环境保护具有积极的意义。 相似文献
948.
949.
950.
祁光发 《中国安全科学学报》2003,13(1):37-41
通过安全生产的理论和实践活动相结合 ,笔者从一个行业出发 ,阐述了安全文化系统工程 ,概括、总结并创建了以“1个严为特征、2个抓为重点、3项工作为途径、4个规范为核心、5个开展为动力”的“12 345”安全文化系统工程 ,以系统思维、以人为本、科学管理的思想 ,论述了“12 345”安全文化系统工程的形成过程 ,为安全工作系统化、科学化、规范化和丰富安全文化的内容 ,追求长久的安全效应 ,提供了新的思路和方法。 相似文献