On risk-based maintenance: A comprehensive review of three approaches to track the impact of consequence modelling for predicting maintenance actions

Since gas plants are progressively increasing near urban areas, a comprehensive tool to plan maintenance and reduce the risk arising from their operations is required. To this end, a comparison of three Risk-Based Maintenance methodologies able to point out maintenance priorities for the most critical components, is presented in this paper. Moreover, while the literature is mostly focused on probabilistic analysis, a particular attention is directed towards consequence analysis throughout this study. The first developed technique is characterized by a Hierarchical Bayesian Network to perform the occurrence analysis and a Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis to assess the magnitude of the adverse outcomes. The second approach is a Quantitative Risk Analysis carried out via a software named Safeti. Finally, another software called Synergi Plant is adopted for the third methodology, which provides a Risk-Based Inspection plan, through a semiquantitative risk analysis. The proposed study can assist asset manager in adopting the most appropriate methodology to their context, while highlighting priority components. To demonstrate the applicability of the approaches and compare their rankings, a Natural Gas Regulating and Measuring Station is considered as case study. The results showed that the most suited method strongly depends on the available data.     

距离相关分析法在航空维修人为差错分析中的应用

目的为有效预防人为差错,制定相应可靠的预防机制和措施提供科学依据。方法将距离相关分析法应用到航空维修人为差错综合分析中,计算出航空维修人为差错相关系数,对各个影响因素进行数学化表达。结合距离相关分析理论,对相关系数进行定性分析。结果该方法切实可行,分析结果易于理解,影响航空维修人为差错的各个因素之间有着密不可分的联系。因组织管理与因业务技能因素导致的人为差错的相关系数为0.983。结论制定预防航空维修人为差错的措施时,应将各个因素进行综合考量。     

CFB干法脱硫袋式除尘器设计及运行维护

阐述了CFB干法脱硫工艺,及其配套袋式除尘器的结构型式、设计选型和运行维护等方面的技术问题。     

Risk-based siting considerations for LNG terminals – Comparative perspectives of United States & Europe

Siting regulations and industrial standards for liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals are evolving along different paths within Europe and the United States (U.S.). The 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 190 continues to delineate the United States process to adopt and revise safety regulations pertaining to LNG terminals and peak shaving plant sitting.¹ Embodied in these regulations are rich legal and regulatory traditions that are unique to the U.S. perspective. For example, the public is encouraged to petition existing regulations and to comment on regulatory proposals. Litigation within the U.S. court system is another means by which industry and the public may seek regulatory change. This approach promotes public involvement in governmental oversight and creates a distinctive obligation and accountability for U.S. regulatory agencies, which uniquely shape technical, safety, risk mitigation, and societal risk perspectives for siting LNG terminals.European traditions shape siting regulations for LNG terminals as well. Though American siting guidance includes references to the National Fire Protection Association’s NFPA 59A and 49 CFR, Part 193, European developers also apply the guidance within EN 1473 – a risk-based case-by-case analysis directive.^{2, 3 and 4} The NFPA 59A standard is applied for a basis to examine property line spacing as they pertain or may relate to off-site hazard impacts. The European approach applies the assessment and suitability of code compliance and the application of accepted engineering practices. In addition the approach incorporates the application of empirical risk assessments and computational modeling to reach an understanding of risk exposures. European policies set limits on the population’s cumulative exposure to facility risks and require LNG facility developers not to exceed established risk criteria.This paper describes how the U.S. and Europe site LNG terminals, identifies key differences in their risk-based approaches, and explains why these differences exist. This discussion also examines historical precedents that have influenced regulations and approval processes for siting LNG terminals within each continent.     

考虑附加效益的设备维修工作综合评价研究

分析在维修工作评价中嵌入附加效益的作用,建立一个反映维修效果和费用的维修工作评价指标体系.根据考虑附加效益的维修评价要求,采用改进的数据包络分析法(IDEA)模型对维修方案进行量化分析.评价结果给出了考虑维修附加值因素的设备维修工作综合评价的优劣排序,为维修技术性、经济性和环境协调性等方面综合权衡提供参考和依据.     

基于物联网技术的设备状态维修安全管理研究

随着物联网(IOT)技术的不断发展,状态维修(CBM)理论逐步运用于设备安全管理中。通过构建基于物联网技术的设备状态维修安全管理体系,建立CBM预测决策模型,并通过设备轴承状态维修的例证来说明模型的可用性。结果表明:设备实现物联网后,基于物联网技术的设备状态维修安全管理是科学可行的,便于设备的维修管理,提高设备的安全工作寿命。     

舰载直升机旋翼迎风面防护技术研究进展

舰载直升机是舰载飞机的重要组成部分,但受到舰基恶劣腐蚀环境和旋翼振动载荷的双重作用,直升机旋翼迎风面的损伤成为制约飞行任务顺利进行的重要影响因素。针对该技术难题,概述了某型直升机旋翼迎风面出现的腐蚀现象,从装备维护角度出发,系统归纳了腐蚀发生的原因,并分析了国内外针对此类问题采用的不同腐蚀防护措施及优缺点。在此基础上,提出了对于直升机旋翼迎风面的防腐工作目前面临的挑战及未来研究方向。     

基于JACK的机务人员上肢职业性损伤的仿真与评估*

为客观评价机务人员上肢职业性肌肉骨骼损伤风险,选取作业姿势、肌肉负载和暴露时间作为评估工作过程中机务人员肌肉骨骼损伤的指标,结合工效学和仿真技术,建立机务维修中肌肉骨骼损伤风险仿真评价方法,定量评估工作过程中机务人员肌肉骨骼损伤程度。采用动素理论分解A330飞机六号肋改装作业任务,对作业人员、工作场景、维修动作进行建模,使用JACK软件中的人因分析工具（TAT）分别对选取指标进行分析评估。研究结果表明:在六号肋改装作业中,机务人员存在严重的上肢职业性肌肉骨骼损伤的隐患,此研究方法可客观高效评估机务人员上肢职业性肌肉骨骼损伤的程度。     

武器装备维修器材供应效果的模糊综合评估方法研究

目的解决武器装备维修器材供应保障效果的评估问题。方法构建武器装备维修器材供应保障效果评估指标体系,结合模糊综合评估方法建立供应保障效果多层次模糊评估模型。结果模糊互补判断矩阵确定评估体系中各层指标的权重向量,使得各层指标权重分配更加科学合理,更加客观地反映了各个因素对供应保障效果的影响程度;运用新的模糊合成算子实现了各层指标隶属度的合成,达到了综合评估的最终目标。结论通过某一器材保障机构供应保障实例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

医院污水处理站设计研究

以淇县人民医院污水处理站实际生产工艺流程为研究对象,全面考察了污水处理采用预处理+格栅+调节池+缺氧好氧工艺+絮凝沉淀+过滤+二氧化氯消毒工艺,污泥处理采用污泥浓缩+压滤脱水工艺的工作性能.同时系统介绍了各个处理单元的功能和设计要点,为工艺推广应用提供直接的设计依据.在此基础上,对医院污水收集、污水处理工艺选择、污水处理设施选择以及处理设施运行管理等方面进行了总结探讨.