浅议现代企业安全管理需要法治

简述了现代企业安全管理必须加强法制建设。只有逐步形成以法治为保障的安全管理模式，企业才能不断自我完善和发展。     

Characterizing the Extent of Spatially Integrated Floodplain and Wetland Systems in the White River,Indiana, USA

Floodplain delineation may inform protection of wetland systems under local, state, or federal laws. Nationally available Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs, “100‐year floodplain” maps) focus on urban areas and higher‐order river systems, limiting utility at large scales. Few other national‐scale floodplain data are available. We acquired FIRMs for a large watershed and compared FIRMs to floodplain and integrated wetland area mapping methods based on (1) geospatial distance, (2) geomorphic setting, and (3) soil characteristics. We used observed flooding events (OFEs) with recurrence intervals of 25‐50 to >100 years to assess floodplain estimate accuracy. FIRMs accurately reflected floodplain areas based on OFEs and covered 32% of river length, whereas soil‐based mapping was not as accurate as FIRMs but characterized floodplain areas over approximately 65% of stream length. Geomorphic approaches included more areas than indicated by OFE, whereas geospatial approaches tended to cover less area. Overall, soil‐based methods have the highest utility in determining floodplains and their integrated wetland areas at large scales due to the use of nationally available data and flexibility for regional application. These findings will improve floodplain and integrated wetland system extent assessment for better management at local, state, and national scales.     

关于环境保护法制理论与实践的若干问题

回顾了我国环境保护法制建设的成就和经验。根据我国２０年来环境保护法制建设的经验，从理论和实践两方面论述了值得探讨的若干问题，并就进一步完善我国环境保护法制提供了建议。     

德尔斐法在省(区)环境规划战略对策研究中的应用及其结果分析

为科学编制省(区)环境保护整治规划,采用德尔斐法,组织近百名专家和环境管理干部,就甘肃省(和全国)今后五年、十年和三十年间的环境问题、宏观国土环境问题构成因素的相对权重、环保工作的战略重点、环境污染控制途径的可行性和有效性权重、环境规划战略对策和措施的相对重要度、环保投资比例和投资方向等11类问题,进行集合评估和预测,历时一年多,分两轮次,获得基础数据二万多个,经数理统计和计算机辅助判断处理,得到一系列概率分布状态的主要结论,为甘肃省环保规划战略对策的决策过程提供了科学依据。     

Expert Perceptions of Approaches to Protecting Isolated Wetlands in the Northeastern United States

In this article, we describe how protecting vernal pools was discussed by experts in the northeastern United States (U.S) within the context of a theoretical policy framework. We offer insight about characteristics of feasible vernal pool policy solutions, and identify gaps in our understanding, particularly regarding conditions in states currently lacking specific vernal pool protections. Vernal pools are geographically isolated, intermittent wetlands that provide important habitat for a variety of plants and animals. Many may not be federally protected as a result of judicial decisions over the past two decades, and the rule intended to clarify what qualifies for federal protection is currently being reviewed by the courts. Thus, state or local policy approaches may be alternatives to conserving vernal pools. We interviewed vernal pool experts in the northeastern U.S. regarding approaches to vernal pool protection and analyzed their perceptions through the lens of Kingdon's ( 2011 ) multiple streams policy development framework. The framework denotes 13 characteristics of three processes associated with policy development: problem identification, policy solution development, and the impacts of politics. While analyzed for all 13 components, we found participants most often discussed feasibility of policy formulation and implementation, particularly with regard to protecting vernal pools of high value while also remaining within the bounds of what public opinion supports.     

Evaluate HAA removal in biologically active carbon filters using the ICR database

The effects of biologically active carbon (BAC) filtration on haloacetic acid (HAA) levels in plant effluents and distribution systems were investigated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Information Collection Rule (ICR) database. The results showed that average HAA5 concentrations in all locations were 20.4 μg·L^-1 and 29.6 μg·L^-1 in ICR plants with granular activated carbon (GAC) and ICR plants without GAC process, respectively. For plants without GAC, the highest HAA levels were observed in the quarters of April to June and July to September. However, for plants with GAC, the highest HAA levels were observed in the quarters of April to June and January to March. This HAA level profile inversely correlated well with water temperature, or biologic activity. For GAC plants, simulated distribution samples matched well with distribution system equivalent samples for Cl₃AA and THMs. For plants with and without GAC, simulated distribution samples overestimated readily biodegradable HAAs in distribution systems. The study indicated that through HAA biodegradation, GAC process plays an important role in lowering HAA levels in finished drinking water.     

邛海流域不同环境因素与土壤侵蚀相互关系研究

"基于USLE模型和多因素方差分析方法,以邛海流域为研究对象,研究不同海拔、坡度和土地利用类型下,土壤侵蚀强度的特征和规律。结果表明:不同海拔梯度下,随着海拔的升高,土壤侵蚀量呈先增后减再增的趋势。1 500~17 00 m海拔段是土壤侵蚀防治的重点区域。坡度对土壤侵蚀量的影响无明显的规律,但对土壤侵蚀量的产生有显著影响。15~25°坡度带是土壤侵蚀的重点预防和治理区域。不同的土地利用类型下,土壤侵蚀存在明显的差异。流域需加强旱地、园地和林地的治理。     

轿车车速表指示误差研究

汽车驾驶者准确掌握真实车速，对车辆的行驶安全性和减少道路交通事故的发生及其危害程度有着极为重要的影响。因此，对驾驶者借以了解汽车行驶速度的车速表，其指示值是否准确及指示误差的大小必须加以研究。本文运用数理统计工具及样本实测数据，选取上海桑塔纳ＬＸ轿车车速表检验值进行统计规律研究，给出其分布参数，建立相应数学模型，指明其误差情况，对于深入了解轿车车速表指示误差统计规律，保证车辆的行驶安全性，改进车速表设计均具有十分重要的意义。