对企业安全管理及组织建设思考

从安全与生产的关系出发,应用组织理论的基本原理,论述了工业企业强化安全管理的必要性,提出了增强企业安全管理功能和组织建设的一般方法及其实施的基本途径。     

论事故与系统危险性的关系

对安全评价中的一些基本概念和参数作了明确的论述,如危险、事故、系统危险性、事故链、固有危险和危险特性、发生事故的难易度与事故概率以及系统可靠度。对澄清当前尚有争论的概念有所帮助,有利于安全评价的顺利进行,也有利于安全科学学科建设。最后对系统危险性的发展趋势作了几点预测。     

关于铁路行车事故预测的应用研究

本文论述了事故预测对铁路行车安全的重要性,并应用灰色预测模型和概率回归估计法模型研制了预测软件,进行铁路行车事故的宏观及微观预测,为采取有针对性的防范措施提供一个可靠信息。     

纺织工业安全生产特点及安全对策管理

简要分析了纺织工业安全生产的特点及安全管理的难点,从而针对性地应用了安全对策管理,并取得一定成效。     

气象灾害的研究和预防是野外职业安全卫生的一个重要领域

从事野外地质勘探的职工常常处于大自然环境中。自然环境灾害(气象灾害、地质灾害等)是造成地质勘探职业伤害的重要原因之一。在诸多的环境灾害中,又以气象灾害的危害最为突出。研究和预防气象灾害,是地质勘探安全卫生工作的重要内容。如果只研究人为职业伤害(一般工业安全卫生中的主要问题),而不研究环境灾害,特别是气象灾害所造成的事故和职业病,那是舍本求末。在地质勘探安全卫生领域中,研究气象灾害及其防护技术,既是保护野外作业职工安全和健康的需要,也是拓宽安全科学外延领域的有益探讨。     

安全科学管理与人为失效研究——分析铁路运输中的人为失效规律

本文论述了安全科学中的人为失效理论与实践问題,即理论上研究了作为一门独立的人为安全学的基本范畴及框架,实践上分析了北京铁路分局某站近30年的事故情况,还探讨了减少人为事故对铁路安全运输的意义、作用及实施对策。     

SIMULATION/OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR MULTI-BASIN WATER RESOURCE PLANNING1

A set of simulation and optimization tools capable of analyzing the development and operation of a complex, multi-basin, interconnected water resource are explained. These models provide valuable information regarding the important questions: (1) “When should new projects be build?” (2) “How big should they be?” and (3) “How should the system be operated?” Since these tools were developed by and for practicing engineers, their applicability to real-world problems is mandatory. To assure this, testing was done on an actual proposed project, the Texas Water System.     

POLLUTIONAL ASPECTS OF PESTICIDES IN NATURAL STREAMS

The extensive use of synthetic organic pesticides in this country during the past twenty-five years has resulted in widespread pollution of our water resources. An obvious detrimental effect of such pollution has been observed in the numerous fish kills that have occurred. The most widely used pesticides, and the ones that have been implicated in the vast majority of the pollutional episodes, are the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides. These compounds, generally speaking, have almost no solubility in water, are subject to very slow microbial degradation if any at all, and are so resistent to natural degradation forces they can persist almost indefinitely in aqueous environments; characteristics that are all detrimental from a stream pollution standpoint. In addition, studies have shown that, as a group, the chlorinated hydrocarbons are more toxic to higher forms of aquatic life than other chemicals widely used for pest control. Because of these undesirable characteristics, present trends are to discontinue using these highly toxic, persistent compounds for pest control in outdoor areas. Legislation banning the sale of DDT has been introduced. Similar legislation controlling the use of several of the chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides is probably the most effective way to reduce pollution.     

虚拟现实技术在安全工程中的应用

论述了虚拟现实技术（ＶｉｒｔｕａｌＲｅａｌｉｔｙ）的基本原理、应用范围。结合大空间公用建筑火灾虚拟现实系统,提出了安全工程中应用虚拟现实技术的基本结构及程序设计关键技术,给出了大空间公用建筑火灾虚拟现实系统编制实例     

塔式起重机安全评判专家系统的研制

塔式起重机作为建筑施工的主要设备,在建筑等行业发挥着极其重要的作用,因而其安全问题受到各国有关部门的高度重视,但塔式起重机的事故率近年来仍未见下降,其安全问题仍然是建筑施工中的忧患之一。为此,笔者在建造了塔式起重机安全的依赖关系图的基础上,采用基于现代设计方法学的专家系统构造技术,使用ＶＩＳＵＡＬＣ＋ ＋ 开发了塔式起重机安全评判专家系统ＴＱＥＳ。该系统经全部测试通过,可对一般的塔式起重机进行安全评判