浅析辽河流域水环境管理现状及改善措施

辽河流域是我国北方重要的河流型流域,水环境污染问题突出。文章从水环境管理体制、水污染控制方式、水生态安全管理、预警监控4个方面剖析了辽河流域水环境管理现状,并提出针对性的改善措施,对促进辽河流域水环境管理能力提高具有积极的实际意义。     

饮用水中溴酸盐控制方法和去除技术研究进展

溴酸盐是一种潜在致癌物,通常产生于含溴离子水源水的臭氧消毒过程中,我国和世界卫生组织饮用水标准中规定溴酸盐的最高浓度为10μg/L。重点综述了近7年来溴酸盐生成的控制方法(如优化臭氧投加量、降低溶液pH值、加氨等)以及溴酸盐离子去除技术(如吸附法、还原法、离子交换法、生物法等)的研究进展,并对各种技术的优缺点进行了评述。     

江湖关系演变对洞庭湖水质变化影响研究

利用长江中下游地区监测站点1950~2009年逐日水文监测数据及1995~2010年水质分析资料,结合Spearman相关分析和综合污染指数评价法,分析了长江中下游江湖关系演变对洞庭湖水质变化影响,并面向洞庭湖水环境安全提出一系列调控措施,旨在为洞庭湖地区水质改善提供理论基础与技术支持。     

关于加强我国大气污染物减排政策建议

大气污染物总量控制是从总体上来控制大气污染的一种方法,是改善区域大气环境质量的有效途径。通过回顾我国大气污染物减排现状,分析和比较了现有政策存在的问题与不足,剖析总量控制在我国环境保护中的实施现状和所起的作用,进而从技术强化、制度协调的角度提出相应对策建议,以实现环境容量资源的合理配置。     

借他山之石推动中国空气污染综合防治

2013年11月16日能源基金会(美国)主办的"重塑蓝天:空气质量管理国际研讨会"在北京召开,环境保护部原总工程师、中国环境科学学会副理事长杨朝飞受会议主办方委托做了总结讲话。本文根据杨总工的讲话录音整理以飨读者。     

防治土壤污染应标本兼治

简要论述了土壤污染具有隐蔽、长期性和不易修复等特点,危害较大。针对土壤的危害,提出了防治对策。     

Safety in shipping: the human element

INTRODUCTION: There are numerous diverse papers that have addressed issues within maritime safety; to date there has been no comprehensive review of this literature to aggregate the causal factors within accidents in shipping and surmise current knowledge. METHODS: This paper reviewed the literature on safety in three key areas: common themes of accidents, the influence of human error, and interventions to make shipping safer. The review included 20 studies of seafaring across the following areas: fatigue, stress, health, situation awareness, teamwork, decision-making, communication, automation, and safety culture. RESULTS: The review identifies the relative contributions of individual and organizational factors in shipping accidents, and also presents the methodological issues with previous research. CONCLUSIONS: The paper concludes that monitoring and modifying the human factors issues presented in this paper could contribute to maritime safety performance. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: This review illustrates which human factors issues are prevalent in incidents therefore this gives shipping practitioners a focus for interventions.     

劳动安全卫生标准体系编制探讨

阐述了劳动安全卫生标准体系研究的目的与意义,分析比较了劳动安全卫生标准分类的几种可能方案,着重讨论并提出整个劳动安全卫生标准体系的层次结构方框图。     

摩擦压砖机缓冲逆动式安全装置

针对摩擦压砖机发生的伤害事故,研制出一种新型实用的摩擦压砖机安全装置,能有效地减少事故的发生。     

Towards phosphorus sustainability in North America: A model for transformational change

Global food production and security rely heavily on finite reserves of newly mined phosphate for fertilizers. However, systemic inefficiencies result in the deposition in aquatic ecosystems of much of the phosphorus mined for food production causing costly eutrophication problems that damage aquatic ecosystems and human health. The Sustainable Phosphorus Alliance (SPA, formerly named North American Partnership for Phosphorus Sustainability) was created to implement sustainable phosphorus solutions through active engagement of stakeholders in both the private and public sectors. This paper describes a conceptual model of transformative change to a sustainable phosphorus system for the North American region. The model emerged from discussions at a series of formal and informal meetings held in conjunction with a ‘Future of Phosphorus’ event (National Science Foundation’s Phosphorus Sustainability Research Coordination Network) and an inaugural SPA Board meeting. Model development drew on the multi-level perspective of socio-technical transitions to develop a series of pathways to a transformed phosphorus system. The uses of the model and transition pathways are discussed in terms of their potential to form an important first step towards the development of a regional vision for improved phosphorus sustainability. The process provides an example of how research in sustainability science can contribute to action on environmental improvement.