矿井主运输巷道供风管突然垮塌所引发的一起伤亡事故分析

对某矿山所发生的一起矿井主运输巷道供风管突然垮塌所引发的伤亡事故进行了分析,说明了工程质量与安全管理的关系.指出在矿山建设中,一定要重视质量管理.     

回采工作面安全性灰色评价模型分辨系数p对评价结果的影响分析

阐述了对回采工作面安全性进行客观而准确评价的重要性。灰色关联理论应用于安全评价过程中 ,就其分辨系数 p选择所存在的问题进行了理论分析 ,并用实例验证了分辨系数对评价结果的影响 ,得出了分辨系数 p必须大于 0 .4的结论。这对灰色关联理论在安全评价中的应用研究 ,具有一定的参考价值。     

核电营运安全文化主体考

提出并论述了核电营运单位是核电安全文化的主体 ,核电营运单位是核电安全的全面的法定负责者 ;阐明了核电营运安全文化的特性 ;介绍了核电安全文化的考核 ,重点说明了以WANO关于核电厂综合性能指标量化的考核。     

安全管理的科学之道——谈建筑施工企业的安全管理体系

阐述了建筑施工企业建立安全管理体系的重要性 ;提出了安全管理体系的主要内容 ;指出了形成安全管理体系的途径 ;最后强调 ,全体员工对安全生产的态度、责任感和安全科技文化素质是安全管理体系中最重要的因素之一。     

21世纪安全管理科学展望

以超前的意识、展望的眼光 ,对 2 1世纪安全管理科学的发展进行畅想和描述。其中论及安全原理、安全立法、安全管理方法、安全管理模式等问题。     

中国安全专业教育的现状及拓展方向探讨

安全专业教育是培养专业安全人才的最主要途径。在回顾安全专业教育的发展过程及经验教训的基础上 ,分析了当前存在的问题 ,并对安全专业教育今后发展趋势与拓展方向进行了较为全面的探讨。提出了解决问题的基本手段 ;指出了社会发展对安全类人才的需求趋势预示了安全专业教育向人类生产、生活、生存的其它相关领域的拓展 ;给出了加强与交通、建筑、消防、保险等方面沟通合作的基本设想。     

用"互动共进式"实施OHSAS18001与ISO14001体系的一体化

比较了OHSAS18001与ISO14001体系的共同性,阐述了用"互动共进式" 建立2个体系的过程,以及一体化文件的主要结构和编写时的注意事项.     

“Safety is everyone's job:” The key to safety on a large university construction site

Problem

Construction risk management is challenging.

Method

We combined data on injuries, costs, and hours worked, obtained through a Rolling Owner-Controlled Insurance Program (ROCIP), with data from focus groups, interviews, and field observations, to prospectively study injuries and hazard control on a large university construction project.

Results

Lost-time injury rates (1.0/200,000 hours worked) were considerably lower than reported for the industry, and there were no serious falls from height. Safety was considered in the awarding of contracts and project timeline development; hazard management was iterative. A top-down management commitment to safety was clearly communicated to, and embraced by, workers throughout the site.

Discussion and Impact

A better understanding of how contracting relationships, workers' compensation, and liability insurance arrangements influence safety could shift risk management efforts from worker behaviors to a broader focus on how these programs and relationships affect incentives and disincentives for workplace safety and health.     

Measurement techniques for organizational safety causal models: Characterization and suggestions for enhancements

Through a review of literature from diverse disciplines with actual and potential application to causal modeling of organizational safety risk, this paper explores issues regarding measurement techniques in a quantitative safety analysis context. The interdependencies of modeling perspectives, constructs, and measures are indentified, leading to (a) characterization and classification of measurement techniques, (b) suggestions on the selection of appropriate measurement methods for different types of model constructs including individual-level, global, configural, and shared, and (c) discussion of the modeling implications of interactions between measurement, constructs, and causal paths. A multi-dimensional perspective is offered through combinations of different “measurement methods” and “measurement bases”. A Bayesian approach is also proposed to operationalize the multi-dimensional measurements. Examples are provided to help explain the roles of these measurements in capturing the relation between organizational factors and safety performance. This paper is a product of research which has the primary purpose of extending Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) modeling frameworks to include the effects of organizational factors as the fundamental causes of accidents and incidents.     

Safety in construction – a comprehensive description of the characteristics of high safety standards in construction work, from the combined perspective of supervisors and experienced workers

Introduction

The often applied engineering approach to safety management in the construction industry needs to be supplemented by organizational measures and measures based on how people conceive and react to their social environment. This requires in-depth knowledge of the broad preconditions for high safety standards in construction. The aim of the study was to comprehensively describe the preconditions and components of high safety standards in the construction industry from the perspective of both experienced construction workers and first-line managers.

Method

Five worker safety representatives and 19 first-line managers were interviewed, all strategically selected from within a large Swedish construction project. Phenomenographic methodology was used for data acquisition and analysis and to categorize the information. Nine informants verified the results.

Results

The study identified four main categories of work safety preconditions and components: (1) Project characteristics and nature of the work, which set the limits of safety management; (2) Organization and structures, with the subcategories planning, work roles, procedures, and resources; (3) Collective values, norms, and behaviors, with the subcategories climate and culture, and interaction and cooperation; and (4) Individual competence and attitudes, with the subcategories knowledge, ability and experience, and individual attitudes.

Discussion

The results comprehensively describe high safety standards in construction, incorporating organizational, group, individual, and technical aspects. High-quality interaction between different organizational functions and hierarchical levels stood out as important aspects of safety. The results are discussed in relation to previous research into safety and into the social-psychological preconditions for other desired outcomes in occupational settings.

Impact on Industry

The results can guide construction companies in planning and executing construction projects to a high safety standard.