上海市售海产贝类食用安全质量评价及分级

依据无公害食用安全标准,采用单项质量指数法和综合质量指数法,对15种上海市售海产贝类中的4项重金属指标进行了质量评价及食用分级.结果表明,市售海产贝类食用安全质量总体良好,所测样品的总Hg、多数样品的As、Pb和Cd含量均符合食用安全标准;15种市售海产贝类中,2种处于危险食用水平,1种处于谨慎食用水平,处于基本安全食用和放心食用安全水平的分别有4种和8种.     

Indigenous community-based fisheries in Australia

The commercial sea cucumber species known as Sandfish (Holothuria scabra) occurs intertidally and subtidally in the Northern Territory of Australia, on or adjacent to Aboriginal land. A 4-yr program of community-based fisheries research with Aboriginal Australians was implemented to assess the viability of indigenous Australians' involvement in the wild-stock fishery. The research involved extensive and intensive indigenous participation, unusual in Australian biophysical sciences research, during field survey and habitat mapping, complemented by commercial catch data modelling and discussion of its implications. Field surveys produced Sandfish distribution and site-specific density, and revealed some areas that were not commercially fished. Catch data modelling results suggested that no additional effort could be sustained, however commercial fishers increased their effort, expanding their operations into the newly mapped areas. These actions effectively precluded indigenous peoples' aspirations of entry into the commercial fishery. The efficacy and outcomes of participatory program design with indigenous Australians need critique in the absence of the political will and statutory backing to provide equitable access to resources.     

Establishing Representative No-Take Areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-Scale Implementation of Theory on Marine Protected Areas

Abstract:  The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, an area almost the size of Japan, has a new network of no-take areas that significantly improves the protection of biodiversity. The new marine park zoning implements, in a quantitative manner, many of the theoretical design principles discussed in the literature. For example, the new network of no-take areas has at least 20% protection per "bioregion," minimum levels of protection for all known habitats and special or unique features, and minimum sizes for no-take areas of at least 10 or 20 km across at the smallest diameter. Overall, more than 33% of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is now in no-take areas (previously 4.5%). The steps taken leading to this outcome were to clarify to the interested public why the existing level of protection was inadequate; detail the conservation objectives of establishing new no-take areas; work with relevant and independent experts to define, and contribute to, the best scientific process to deliver on the objectives; describe the biodiversity (e.g., map bioregions); define operational principles needed to achieve the objectives; invite community input on all of the above; gather and layer the data gathered in round-table discussions; report the degree of achievement of principles for various options of no-take areas; and determine how to address negative impacts. Some of the key success factors in this case have global relevance and include focusing initial communication on the problem to be addressed; applying the precautionary principle; using independent experts; facilitating input to decision making; conducting extensive and participatory consultation; having an existing marine park that encompassed much of the ecosystem; having legislative power under federal law; developing high-level support; ensuring agency priority and ownership; and being able to address the issue of displaced fishers.     

无铝箔复膜复合玻璃纤维风管安全性能的监测

本文采用Ｓ２７００型扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）对无铝箔复膜复合玻璃钢空调通风管道玻璃纤维污染进行了观测,并采用ＱＰ５０００型色谱／质谱联用仪（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）对通风管道在火灾中焚烧产生的烟气进行了分析,模拟试验的监测结果表明,通风管道空气流中玻璃纤维浓度为３２０３５０根／立方米,焚烧烟气中检出了２甲基丙烯酰苯胺,这是一种有害物质。     

试论安全劳动的经济效益

安全和生产是整个生产过程中不可分割的两个组成部分。本文从社会经济效益的角度,分析了安全劳动在生产过程中所处的特殊地位和所起的特殊作用,以及它和经济效益的关系;探索了安全经济效益的规律,提出了安全劳动创造经济效益的论点。同时,对当前生产活动中存在的轻视安全、产品质量和社会效益的问题进行了剖析;理论结合实践,初步探索实现安全经济效益的问题     

关于安全经济学的分析与探讨

论述了安全经济学的概念、基础，及其在安全科学体系结构中的地位和作用，提出了研究的主要内容和方法。     

铁路行车事故救援智能辅助决策系统研究

介绍了铁路行车事故救援智能辅助决策系统的设计及实现。采用产生式规则与数据库技术相结合的铁路行车事故救援决策知识表示方法。推理过程为正向推理。决策树分层分类并嵌入数据库。该系统可在行车事故现场以人机交互方式提供一个或几个救援方案。为铁路行车事故救援决策提供了一种新的途径与范例。并为人工智能在新的工程领域的应用进行了有益的尝试     

安全控制论的理论基础和应用(一)

介绍了安全控制论的基本理论和应用。论述了安全系统结构和建模以及系统参数辨识和系统控制方式。在应用方面,讨论了安全计量和系统状态评价建模和系统安全状态宏观预测问题。此外,为了克服计算上的困难。还采用了一些现代统计方法。     

煤矿“三违”原因分析及对策

全面概述了煤矿中“三违”的主要表现形式,分析了“三违”产生的原因,最后提出了相应的对策和办法。     

跨世纪的中国安全科学学科建设及新拓展

概要分析了安全科学技术学科体系结构,指出学科扩展的思路;提出了学科建设中必须树立全新的观念：安全文化观、大安全观、可持续发展观、综合安全减灾论;探讨了安全减灾科学技术面临的难题和对策;构想安全减灾环保为一体的科学技术新框架